Hughes Mary Ruth - Native American recipes

By Mary Ruth Hughes
Illustrations by Gina Cruz-Rider
Text copyright 2013 Mary Ruth Hughes
Illustration copyright 2013 Gina Cruz-Rider
Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data

All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced in any manner without the express written consent of the author and illustrator, except in the case of brief excerpts in critical reviews and articles.

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Warning: Recipes in this book have been collected from very old, old and modified recipes. Some recipes in this book call for raw eggs, nuts, peanut oil and other ingredients that can be lethal topersons with food allergies or weakened immune systems. The author and illustrator of this book shall be held harmless and are not responsible for any loss or damage incurred, or alleged to haveincurred, directly or indirectly, by using these ingredients. Use substitution ingredients if this is aconcern.

Printed in the United States of America
FIRST EDITION 2013
ISBN-10: 1482017016 ISBN-13: 978-1482017014Table of Contents

1.Apache
2.Aztec
3.Caddo
4.Cherokee
5.Cheyenne
6.Chickasaw
7.Choctaw
8.Comanche
9.Cree
10. Delaware
11. Hopi
12. Kickapoo
13. Kiowa
14. Mandan
15. Muscogee Creek
16. Natchez
17. Navajo
18. Nez Perce
19. Osage
20. Pima
21. Pueblo
22. Quapaw
23. Sac and Fox
24. Seminole
25. Shawnee
26. Shoshone
27. Sioux
28. Wichita
29. Yaqui
30. Zuni

(Ndee)
Meaning: The people

Apaches are native to the southwest deserts of the United States. This area now encompasses the states of Arizona, New Mexico and Texas. Some Apache people were also located across the border into northern Mexico. There is no single tribalheadquarters for all parts of the Apache Indian Nation in the United States. There are several different groups of Apache people. Three tribes are listed below. Each one has their own tribal offices and headquarters located in Arizona.

* Yavapai *White Mountain *San Carlos
Acorn Stew

Cut 2 to 3 pounds of round steak into bite-size pieces. Place a small amount of cooking oil in the bottom of a stew pan and heat until it is sizzling hot. Add meat and cook until brown on all sides. Add water to cover meat and simmer over a low flame

for about three hours until meat is tender. Salt to taste. Shell sweet acorns and grind them into very fine flour until you have about cup. Strain the broth from the meat and set aside. Shred meat and place in a large glass bowl along with cup of acorn

flour. Pour the hot broth (you set aside) over the meat and acorn flour mixture and stir.Stew is ready to serve in individual bowls. Fry bread is sometimes served with the stew.

Acorn flour can be purchased on the internet. When you search acorn flour, several sites for purchasing are listed. (Aeztek)
Meaning: Person from Aztian

The Aztec people are indigenous to central Mexico. It is generally thought that in ancient times Aztlan was somewhere north of the Valley of Mexico. Some experts have placed it as far north as the southwest Untied States. The Aztec headquarters

today are located in Mexico City, Mexico.
Taco Meat

2 pounds chuck roast cut into large chunks 1 diced onion
2 pounds country style pork rib chunks without bones 2 tablespoons salt
1 small can diced green chili peppers cup taco seasoning
1 can of diced tomatoes (16 oz.) 1 tablespoon black pepper

Put all ingredients into a large pot and add enough water to cover meat. Put lid on pot and cook over a low flame 2-3 hours or until meat is tender and juice has been partially absorbed. Drain meat and shred using two forks to pull meat apart. Meat should be tender enough to shred easily.

Tacos
1 package corn tortillas
skillet half full of cooking oil (I use peanut oil)

Warm tortillas so they dont crack when folded. Place meat in center of tortilla and fold in half. Fry in hot oil until crispy. Fill with diced onions, lettuce and cheese. Top with a ripe olive and sour cream. Add salsa to taste. Recipe for salsa is on the Navajo page.

(Kadohadacho) Meaning: True Chiefs

The Caddo people are indigenous to Texas, Oklahoma, Arkansas and Louisiana. They are a federally recognized tribe. In the past, the Caddo people living in Texas mined salt from underground mines which they boiled down to use in their cooking. The Caddo people were hunters and farmers. Their food consisted of cornbread, soups and stews. Caddo men hunted deer, buffalo and small game. They caught fish from the rivers. Today, the Caddo Nation headquarters are located in Binger, Oklahoma.

Wild Onions and Scrambled Eggs
bundle of wild onions 2 tablespoons bacon grease 8-12 eggs salt to taste

Cut onions into segments. Heat bacon grease in skillet and add onions. Cook until onions are transparent. Add enough water to halfway cover the onions. Simmer with the lid on skillet until tender. Drain off water and stir in the eggs. Mix eggs and onions thoroughly and cook until done. Add salt to taste. Serve hot.

(Tsalagi)
Meaning: Principal People

The Cherokee people are indigenous to the Southeastern United States. They lived in Georgia, Alabama, Tennessee and the Carolinas before being removed to Indian Territory in the 1830s. Their long trek to Indian Territory is known as the Trail of Tears. The Cherokee language has an innovative writing system that was invented by the Cherokee scholar Sequoyah. Cherokee tribal headquarters are located in Tahlequah, Oklahoma.

Cherokee Catfish
catfish filets * yellow cornmeal * salt * peanut oil

Place catfish filets on cutting board and blot with a paper towel to get off excess moisture. Salt each piece of fish on both sides. Sprinkle cornmeal over filets and coat thoroughly. Pour enough peanut oil in the bottom of a cast iron skillet so that the fish will float while cooking. Heat oil until it is hot and sizzles when a pinch of corn meal is thrown in the oil. Fry the fish until it is golden brown on both sides and then place on a wire rack to drain off the oil or blot with paper towels. Eat while hot.

Hush puppies

1 cups self-rising cornmeal 1 cup buttermilk cup self-rising flour 1 egg slightly beaten teaspoon salt peanut oil 1 small onion, grated

In a medium size bowl mix cornmeal, flour, baking soda and salt. Stir in onion. In a small bowl mix the buttermilk and egg. Pour buttermilk mixture into the dry ingredients and stir until blended. Heat 2 peanut oil in skillet to 350 degrees F. Drop a tablespoon full of batter in hot oil and fry until golden brown. Cook in small batches. Drain on paper towels. Serve hot!

(Tsitsistas)
Meaning: The people of alien speech

The Cheyenne people roamed the Great Plains of America in what are now the states of South Dakota, Wyoming, Nebraska, Colorado and Kansas. The Cheyenne people were good horsemen. The United States government forced the Cheyennes to move to Oklahoma during the 1800s. Some escaped this forced migration and fled to Montana. Montana Cheyenne headquarters are located in Lame Deer, Montana. Oklahoma Cheyenne headquarters are located in Concho, Oklahoma.

Buffalo Steaks

2 large buffalo steaks, any cut 2 large wild onions Salt
lard or cooking oil

Place buffalo steaks on a flat clean rock or cutting board. Pound steaks with another stone until all the fibers have been broken down to tenderize meat. Sprinkle a little salt over the steaks. Cut wild onions in half. On the cut side, rub the onions and salt into the meat. Repeat on other side of meat. Drop lard or oil on stone or skillet and let it float out until you have a well-greased spot large enough to place the steaks on. Cook for 14-20 minutes on each side. If you have extra wild onions, slice thin strips and fry with steaks.