Charles L. Cutler - O Brave New Words!: Native American Loanwords in Current English
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O Brave New Words!: Native American Loanwords in Current English
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Native American loanwords are a crucial, though little acknowledged, part of the English language. This book shows how the more than one-thousand current loanwords were adopted and demonstrates how the changing relationships between Indians and European settlers can be traced in the rate of loanword borrowing and the kinds of words adopted.Appalachian: from the Appalachian Mountains in the eastern United States, from the Muskogean name of the Apalachee tribe of FloridaMoose: Eastern Abenaki mos; Papoose: Narragansett papoos, child; Squash: Narragansett askutasquash; Texas: from a Caddo word, meaning friends or allies.
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O Brave New Words! : Native American Loanwords in Current English
author
:
Cutler, Charles L.
publisher
:
University of Oklahoma Press
isbn10 | asin
:
0806126558
print isbn13
:
9780806126555
ebook isbn13
:
9780585194387
language
:
English
subject
English language--United States--Foreign words and phrases--Indian, Indians of North America--Languages--Influence on English, Indians of North America--Languages, Languages in contact--United States, Americanisms, Vocabulary.
publication date
:
1994
lcc
:
PE3102.I55C88 1994eb
ddc
:
422/.97
subject
:
English language--United States--Foreign words and phrases--Indian, Indians of North America--Languages--Influence on English, Indians of North America--Languages, Languages in contact--United States, Americanisms, Vocabulary.
Page iii
O Brave New Words!
Native American Loanwords in Current English
By Charles L. Cutler
UNIVERSITY OF OKLAHOMA PRESS : NORMAN AND LONDON
Page iv
Chapter II is adapted from "Indianisms in Current English," English Language Notes (March 1992), copyright 1992 by English Language Notes.
Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
Cutler, Charles L. O brave new words! : Native American loanwords in current English / by Charles L. Cutler. p. cm. Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN 0-8061-2655-8 (alk. paper) 1. English languageUnited StatesForeign words and phrasesIndian. 2. Indian languagesInfluence on En glish. 3. Indians of North AmericaLanguages. 4. Lan guages in contactUnited States. 5. Americanisms. 6. Vo cabulary. I. Title. PE3102.155C88 1994 422'.97dc20 94-15764 CIP
The paper in this book meets the guidelines for permanence and durability of the Committee on Production Guidelines for Book Longevity of the Council on Library Resources, Inc.
Copyright 1994 by the University of Oklahoma Press, Norman, Publishing Division of the University. All rights reserved. Manufactured in the U.S.A.
2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
Page v
TO KATHY with love and devotion
Page vii
Miranda. O brave new world That has such people in't! Prospero. 'Tis new to thee.
Shakespeare, The Tempest
Page ix
Contents
List of Illustrations
xi
Preface
xiii
Using This Book
xvii
1. Voyage into a New Awareness
3
2. Adventurers and Settlers
14
3. A Forest of Languages
23
4. "Wild Beasts and Willd Men"
32
5. First Words from the New World
44
6. Reports from the Frontier
53
7. Renaming a Continent
67
8. Opening Up the West
79
9. Of Kayaks and Igloos
92
10. Words along the Fiery War Trail
102
11. Indianisms in Current English
123
12. The Twentieth Century and Beyond
136
Epilogue
152
Glossary 1. English Loanwords from the North American Indian Languages (North of Mexico)
154
Glossary 2. English Loanwords from the Eskimo and Aleut Languages
217
Appendix. English Loanwords from the Latin American Indian Languages
221
Notes
248
Bibliography
257
Index
275
Page xi
Illustrations
Chart of North American Indian Loanwords in English
2
Map of American Indian Language Groups
25
Page xiii
Preface
Alien yet familiar, native american loan-words are a haunting presence in the English language of North America. They name much that is unique to the continentboth in human history and in natural history. They act as a reminder, conscious and subliminal, of peoples whose cultural influence has often been slighted. More than four centuries of communication and miscommunication may be traced in the chronicle of these words.
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94-15764