Carpenter - Horns and beaks: ceratopsian and ornithopod dinosaurs

Horns and Beaks

LIFE OF THE PAST
James O. Farlow, editor

Horns and Beaks

Ceratopsian and Ornithopod Dinosaurs

Edited by Kenneth Carpenter

INDIANA UNIVERSITY PRESS
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Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data

Horns and beaks : Ceratopsian and Ornithopod dinosaurs / edited by Kenneth Carpenter.
p. cm. (Life of the past)
Includes bibliographical references and index.
ISBN 0-253-34817-X (cloth : alk. paper)
1. Ornithischia. 2. Ceratopsidae. I. Carpenter, Kenneth, 1949- II. Series.
QE862.O65H675 2007
567.914dc22

2006016496

1 2 3 4 5 12 11 10 09 08 07

Contents

Jos Ignacio Ruiz-Omeaca, Xabier Pereda Suberbiola, and Peter M. Galton

Peter M. Galton

Kathleen Brill and Kenneth Carpenter

Gregory S. Paul

David Gilpin, Tony DiCroce, and Kenneth Carpenter

Albert Prieto-Marquez

Nate L. Murphy, David Trexler, and Mark Thompson

Michael K. Brett-Surman and Jonathan R. Wagner

Bruce Rothschild and Darren H. Tanke

Benjamin S. Creisler

Christopher J. Ott

Andrew A. Farke

Thomas M. Lehman

Darren H. Tanke and Andrew A. Farke

Kenneth Carpenter

Michael K. Brett-Surman, Department of Paleobiology, National Museum of Natural History, The Smithsonian Institution, 10th & Constitution Avenue, Washington, DC 20560 USA

Kathleen Brill, Department of Earth Sciences, Denver Museum of Nature & Science, 2001 Colorado Blvd., Denver, CO 80205 USA

Kenneth Carpenter, Department of Earth Sciences, Denver Museum of Nature & Science, 2001 Colorado Blvd., Denver, CO 80205 USA

Benjamin S. Creisler, 1705 Belmont 602, Seattle, WA 98122 USA

Tony DiCroce, Department of Earth Sciences, Denver Museum of Nature & Science, 2001 Colorado Blvd., Denver, CO 80205 USA

Andrew A. Farke, Department of Anatomical Sciences, Stony Brook University, T8 040 Health Sciences Center, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA

Peter M. Galton, College of Naturopathic Medicine, University of Bridgeport, Bridgeport, CT 06601 USA

David Gilpin, Department of Earth Sciences, Denver Museum of Nature & Science, 2001 Colorado Blvd., Denver, CO 80205 USA

Thomas M. Lehman, Department of Geosciences, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX 79409 USA

Nate L. Murphy, Judith River Dinosaur Institute, P.O. Box 429, Malta, MT 59538 USA

Christopher J. Ott, University of Wisconsin-Madison Geology Museum, 1215 W Dayton St., Madison, WI 53706

Gregory S. Paul, 3109 N. Calvert St., Baltimore, MD 21218

Xabier Pereda Suberbiola, Universidad del Pas Vasco/EHU, Facultad de Ciencia y Tecnologa, Departamento de Estratigrafa y Paleontologa, Apdo. 644, 48080 Bilbao, Spain

Albert Prieto-Marquez, Department of Biological Science, Conradi Building, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL 32306 USA

Bruce Rothschild, Arthritis Center of Northeast Ohio, 5500 Market St., Youngstown, OH 44512 USA

Jos Ignacio Ruiz-Omeaca, Universidad de Zaragoza, Departamento de Ciencias de la Tierra, Area de Paleontologa, 59 Zaragoza, Spain

Darren H. Tanke, Dinosaur Research Program, Royal Tyrrell Museum of Palaeontology, Box 7500, Drumheller, Alberta T0J 0Y0 Canada

Mark Thompson, Judith River Dinosaur Institute, P.O. Box 429, Malta, MT 59538 USA

David Trexler, Two Medicine Dinosaur Center, P.O. Box 786, Bynum, MT 59419 USA

Jonathan R. Wagner, Jackson School of Geosciences, University of Texas at Austin, 1 University Station C1100, Austin, TX 78712-0254 USA

The past decade has seen a considerable amount of research done on dinosaurs. Some of the most exciting of this work has been presented in this series by Indiana University Press: The Armored Dinosaurs (2001), Mesozoic Vertebrate Life (2001, edited with Darren Tanke), The Carnivorous Dinosaurs (2005), and Thunder-Lizards (2005, edited with Virginia Tidwell). This volume is the last in the series of edited volumes and deals with current research in ornithischian dinosaurs other than the armored ones. Horns and Beaks presents some historical insights as well as some descriptive studies. As before, I hope there is a little of something for everyone.

This last in the series on the latest research in dinosaurs was made possible by the support of Jim Farlow and Bob Sloan, Indiana University Press. Thanks to Karen Hellekson, copyeditor, and Miki Bird, managing editor at Indiana University Press.

Thanks also to the contributing authors for their patience.

JOS IGNACIO RUIZ-OMEACA, XABIER PEREDA SUBERBIOLA, AND PETER M. GALTON

Callovosaurus leedsi (Lydekker 1889), based on an isolated femur from the Oxford Clay (Middle Jurassic, Callovian) of Peterborough, England, is reinterpreted as a dryosaurid. It represents the oldest record of this poorly known group of ornithopods. Callovosaurus was previously regarded variously as a hypsilophodontid, camptosaurid, or iguanodontid, but the femur shows a combination of characters typical of dryosaurids: bowed shaft; proximally placed pendant fourth trochanter; pit for insertion of the M. caudifemoralis longus well developed and separated from the fourth trochanter; and anterior intercondylar groove. Further, the concave excavation posteriorly proximal to medial condyle meets the medial surface of the distal end at a sharp edge, and the lateral condyle is transversely reduced with a rounded ledge lateral to it. Callovosaurus differs from Dryosaurus and Valdosaurus in the more expanded, transversely flattened anterior trochanter. Moreover, it differs from Valdosaurus in the shallow anterior intercondylar groove and the very slightly concave internal surface of the distal end.

Lydekker (1889) described a left femur from the Oxford Clay near Peterborough, England as a new species of Camptosaurus, C. leedsi. In addition to the original (BMNH R1993; collection of Mr. A. N. Leeds, purchased in 1892), Lydekker (1890) also mentioned a cast of the femur (BMNH R1608, made in 1888). Gilmore (1909: 290) noted that C. leedsi is similar to Camptosaurus, but if referable at all to an American genus, its closest affinities, as indicated by the femur, are with Dryosaurus. Galton (1972, 1974) placed C. leedsi in the Hypsilophodontidae as being closely related to Dryosaurus