Friendship in the Hebrew Bible
THE ANCHOR YALE BIBLE REFERENCE LIBRARY
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THE ANCHOR YALE BIBLE REFERENCE LIBRARY
Friendship in the Hebrew Bible
SAUL M. OLYAN
Yale UNIVERSITY PRESS
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10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1
For Lorne Sabsay, my oldest friend
Contents
Acknowledgments
It is a great pleasure to acknowledge the contributions of friends, colleagues, and institutions to the development of this book. I am indebted to David Konstan and Nathaniel Levtow for reading individual chapters and providing valuable critical and bibliographic suggestions. I also thank Michael Satlow, Matthew Rutz, Jacob L. Wright, and Susan Harvey for providing additional bibliographic references, and John Huehnergard, Zackary Wainer, and Nathaniel DesRosiers for suggestions regarding aspects of the books content or argument. I am grateful to John J. Collins for the helpful suggestions he made while editing the manuscript for Yale University Press. This is a better book as a result of his efforts. In addition to the contributions made by these individuals, I have also benefited from the feedback of the presss anonymous referees. Needless to say, all errors of fact or judgment that remain are my responsibility alone.
Brown University awarded me a fellowship at the Cogut Center for the Humanities during the spring semester of 2014, during which I was able to write several chapters of the book. I am grateful to the university for this opportunity, as well as for sabbatical time during the fall semester of 2010 when I began to work in earnest on this project. Some of the content in appeared in a different form in my essay The Roles of Kin and Fictive Kin in Biblical Representations of Death Ritual, in Family and Household Religion: Toward a Synthesis of Old Testament Studies, Archaeology, Epigraphy, and Cultural Studies (ed. Rainer Albertz et al.; Winona Lake, IN: Eisenbrauns, 2014), 25163. I thank James Eisenbraun for permission to reproduce this material in this volume. Finally, I am immensely grateful to my husband, Frederik Schockaert, for his unwavering support at every stage of the writing of this book.
Abbreviations
AnBib | Analecta biblica |
AYB | Anchor Yale Bible |
b. | Babylonian |
BASOR | Bulletin of the American Schools of Oriental Research |
BDB | A Hebrew and English Lexicon of the Old Testament. Edited by Francis Brown, S. R. Driver, and Charles A. Briggs. Boston: Houghton, Mifflin, 1906. |
Beentjes | The Book of Ben Sira in Hebrew: A Text Edition of All Extant Hebrew Manuscripts and a Synopsis of All Parallel Hebrew Ben Sira Texts. Pancratius C. Beentjes. VTSup 68. Atlanta: Society of Biblical Literature, 2006. |
BJS | Brown Judaic Studies |
BKAT | Biblischer Kommentar Altes Testament |
BO | Bibliotheca orientalis |
BWL | Babylonian Wisdom Literature. W. G. Lambert. Oxford: Clarendon, 1960. |
BZAW | Beihefte zur Zeitschrift fr die alttestamentliche Wissenschaft |
CAT | The Cuneiform Alphabetic Texts from Ugarit, Ras Ibn Hani and Other Places (KTU: second, enlarged edition). Edited by Manfried Dietrich, Otto Loretz, and Joaqun Sanmartn. Mnster: Ugarit-Verlag, 1995. |
CBQ | Catholic Biblical Quarterly |
EA | El Amarna. According to the numbering of the Amarna letters in Die el-Amarna-Tafeln: Mit |
Einleitung und Erluterungen. J. A. Knudtzon. Leipzig: Hinrichs, 1915. |
FAT | Forschungen zum Alten Testament |
GKC | Gesenius Hebrew Grammar. Edited and enlarged by E. Kautzsch. Second English edition by A. E. Cowley. Oxford: Clarendon, 1910. |
HALOT | The Hebrew and Aramaic Lexicon of the Old Testament. Ludwig Koehler, Walter Baumgartner, and Johann Jakob Stamm. Translated and edited under the supervision of M. E. J. Richardson. 5 vols. Leiden: Brill, 19942000. |
Hi | Hiphil |
Hit | Hitpael |
HSM | Harvard Semitic Monographs |
JAJSup | Journal of Ancient Judaism Supplements |
JBL | Journal of Biblical Literature |
Joon | Grammaire de lhbreu biblique. Paul Joon. Rome: Institut Biblique Pontifical, 1923. |
KAI | Kanaanische und aramische Inschriften. H. Donner and W. Rllig. 2nd ed. Wiesbaden: Harrassowitz, 19661969. |
LXX | Septuagint |
LXXB | Codex Vaticanus |
MT | Masoretic Text |
Ni | Niphal |
NIDOTTE | New International Dictionary of Old Testament Theology and Exegesis. Edited by Willem A. VanGemeren. 5 vols. Grand Rapids, MI: Zondervan, 1997. |
NJPS | Tanakh: The Holy Scriptures: The New JPS Translation According to the Traditional Hebrew Text. New York: Jewish Publication Society, 1985. |
NRSV | New Revised Standard Version |
OCD | The Oxford Classical Dictionary. Edited by Simon Hornblower and Antony Spawforth. 3rd ed. New York: Oxford University Press, 1996. |
OTL | Old Testament Library |
Pi | Piel |
RSV | Revised Standard Version |
TDOT | Theological Dictionary of the Old Testament. Edited by G. J. Botterweck, H. Ringgren, and H.-J. Fabry. Translated by J. T. Willis, G. W. Bromily, and D. E. Green. 15 vols. Grand Rapids, MI: Eerdmans, 19742006. |
TLOT |