Rines - A Guide to Wood Finishing for Beginners: A Step-by-Step Manual on How to Finish, Refinish, Restore, Stain, Dye and Care for your Furniture

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A Guide to Wood Finishing for Beginners

A Step-by-Step Manual on How to Finish, Refinish, Restore, Stain , Dye and Care for your Furniture

By

Clayton M. Rines

Acknowledgments
This book could not have been written without the guidance and generosity of everyone I have come in contact with one way or another. Your influences are all over this book. Thank you.

Dedication
This book is dedicated to all crafters.

Copyright 2020 Clayton M. Rines

The author retains all rights. No part of this document may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, recording, or by any information storage and retrieval system without permission in writing from the author. The unauthorized reproduction or distribution of this unique work is illegal.

Disclaimer
The information contained in this book is purely for educational activities only. The writer does not assert the accuracy or wholesomeness of any info gotten from this book. The views contained within the pages of this material are those of the author in its entirety. The author/writer will not be held accountable or liable for any missing information, omissions or errors, damages, injuries, or any losses that may occur from the use of information gotten from this book.

Contents

Introduction

The process of applying finish and coats is a laborious and time-consuming exercise that most folks will rather avoid. You can also not predict what will happen when you are busy trying to protect your wood. Some individuals also believe that a piece of wooden furniture looks good the way it is without any form of coating or finishing applied to it.

After you finished working on an exquisite piece of wooden project, you can just leave it like that, right? Yes, you can, but at the same time, you would be having a bland piece of wood devoid of the beauty that could have been had if you applied finishing to it. You might wonder that other than bringing out the beauty of your work, do you have to go through all the process, time, and funds to obtain wood finishing materials and apply to your wooden project? Sure, you would want your project to turn heads and be the centre of attraction in the room; finishing also serves as a mechanism to slow down or prevent motion in your projects' joints.

For practical reasons such as cutting down on surface action that comes with the constant use that the wood is subjected to, the application of finishes extends your artifacts' shelf life. Some folks will find every reason not to apply finishing to their work; however, there are situations in which you cannot just but apply a combination of finishing products to your project.

Expert artisans and even a beginner can carefully construct a piece of wooden work with all the joints and pieces perfectly fitted to limit any potential movements that might occur. The application of a finish supersedes any masterfully put together joinery as it limits the seasonal movement that tends to occur in woods, the presence of moisture in the atmosphere that wood will most likely absorb and let out depending on the humidity levels in the atmosphere. The release and absorption of moisture by the wood bring about a reduction and an increase in the wood's total mass, which will ultimately have negative effects on all joints in the project.

The application of finishes is an art that can be learned and practiced as there are a handful of finishes on the market. Getting the right combination goes a long way determination how effective it is in reducing the amount of moisture release and intake by the wood. A finish must be equally applied to all parts of a project to prevent the wood from undergoing disfiguring. This is because the part of the project having finishes applied been impervious to moisture and other parts lacking finishes allowing the free movement of moisture in and out of the wood.

Other than the protective functions and the aesthetics that finishing gives to wooden objects, it also conveys cleanliness. After a piece has been made, given a few days of contact and use, both the physical and environmental conditions around it will begin to take its toll on the surface, leading to a gradual and undesirable change in the piece's general appearance. However, when a finish is applied, your wooden object will be adequately protected against the most basic factors that will degrade its appearance and functionality. The complexity of the finish application depends on how much contact and use the object will undergo. Decorative pieces that will not regularly come in touch with hands and other surfaces require an application of finish and proper waxing to permit the occasional dusting. For other wooden objects like chairs etc. that will be used daily and will be subjected to moisture and temperature change, layers of finishing and coating are advisable to be applied to such surfaces.

The furniture in the garden or the patio can also undergo finishing applications. This is, however, subjective as it is not necessary. It all depends on the end-use of such furniture and how you want your pieces to appear. The prudent action to take most times is to apply the finish as it makes it easier for you to maintain and protect your valuable objects. Take, for example, if you have a chair out in the garden that hasn't undergone any form of finish and coat application; when it rains, it will absorb a lot of moisture, and it will eventually serve as a source of food for fungi. It will also begin to become soft, and the joints will undergo undesirable movements leading to eventual damage of your chair, table, or other decorative arts in the garden. Several layers of finish and coat will protect your furniture, and any form of water will find it hard to get to the wood surface. If environmental conditions begin to bring about cracks in the coat and finish, immediately apply a new coat to the affected areas.

Finishing also conveys a different or similar color to the wood, and this is termed staining. The application of color can be done straight to the surface of the wood, or you can also coat the wood, apply the coloring agent, coat it again, and apply another round of coloring. This process is not termed staining; rather, it is called glazing. The application of color can also be done by combining appropriate amounts of coloring agents and the finish and then applying it to the surface of the wood through the process called toning or shading if the mixture is transparent, allowing you to have a view of the original surface of the wood through the painting. If the mixture is obscure enough to prevent you from having a clear look at the wood's surface, it is called a painting.

The result of the technique used in applying these coating, finishing, and coloring techniques has varying outcomes on your project. This will be a major determining factor on which method you decide to go with.

• Painting or toning brings about an alteration in the original color of the wood while at the same time not making pronounced the holes and other slight faults on the wood surface. The grain of the wood is highlighted while painting covers all the features of the surface.
• Glazing makes pronounced the recesses and adds additional and often time desirable looks that are not natural to the wood's surface.
• Staining makes pronounced features that are present on the surface of the wood. The features can be a natural attraction that you want to be accentuated or faults impacted on the surface will produce the surface.

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