Adrianne Dill Linton - Medical-Surgical Nursing E-Book

Edition 7

Adrianne Dill Linton, BSN, MN, PhD, RN, FAAN

Professor Emeritus and Former Chair Department of Family and Community Health Systems University of Texas Health San Antonio School of Nursing San Antonio, Texas

Mary Ann Matteson, PhD, RN, FAAN

Professor Emeritus

Thelma and Joe Crow Endowed Professor and Former Chair Department of Family Nursing University of Texas Health San Antonio School of Nursing San Antonio, Texas

MEDICAL-SURGICAL NURSING, SEVENTH EDITION ISBN: 978-0-323-55459-6

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Practitioners and researchers must always rely on their own experience and knowledge in evaluating and using any information, methods, compounds or experiments described herein. Because of rapid advances in the medical sciences, in particular, independent verification of diagnoses and drug dosages should be made. To the fullest extent of the law, no responsibility is assumed by Elsevier, authors, editors or contributors for any injury and/or damage to persons or property as a matter of products liability, negligence or otherwise, or from any use or operation of any methods, products, instructions, or ideas contained in the material herein.

Previous editions copyrighted 2016, 2012, 2007, 2003, 2000, 1995.

International Standard Book Number: 978-0-323-55459-6

Senior Content Strategist: Nancy OBrien Senior Content Development Manager: Luke Held Senior Content Development Specialist: Kelly Skelton Publishing Services Manager: Julie Eddy Senior Project Manager: Jodi Willard Design Direction: Renee Duenow Printed in Canada

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Dedicated to our colleague and friend,

Dr. Nancy Maebius,

a champion of LVN education who provided guidance and inspiration

for this textbook since the first edition.

Adrianne Dill Linton, Mary Ann Matteson

The seventh edition of Introduction to Medical-Surgical Nursing is the product of multiple teams of amazing people. Before revisions began, chapters from the previous edition were reviewed by experienced LVN/LPN educators and content experts. The input of these individuals ensured readability, accuracy, appropriateness for the LVN/LPN student, and timeliness. Using the reviews and extensive literature searches, chapter authors crafted new manuscripts that reflect the best practices known to us as of the publication date. Once again, reviewers were invited to provide feedback on the new manuscripts.

The incredible Elsevier staff managed this entire process and then pulled all the pieces together to create this fine edition. We particularly wish to acknowledge the following individuals who each brought unique knowledge and skills to the production process. Kelly Skelton, Senior Content Development Specialist, has worked to develop and carry this edition to publication with great skill and creativity. The Elsevier team included Nancy OBrien, Senior Content Strategist; Kristen Oyirifi, Marketing Manager; Renee Duenow, Book Designer; Julie Eddy, Publication Services Manager; and Jodi Willard, Senior Project Manager. Behind the scenes are many other individuals involved in the development of the ancillary materials.

The authors are grateful to our families for their support, encouragement, and patience as we immersed ourselves in this labor of love once again.

CONTRIBUTORS

Victoria Diane Dittmar ADN, BSN, MSN

Assistant Professor
Health Restoration and Care Systems Management
University of Texas Health San Antonio School of Nursing
San Antonio, Texas Carole Marie Elledge BSN, MSN, DNP

Clinical Program Specialist, BMT/Malignant Hematology
Methodist Hospital
San Antonio, Texas Amanda J. Flagg PhD, RN EdM/MSN, ACNS, CNE

School of Nursing
Middle Tennessee State University
Murfreesboro, Tennessee Carl Flagg ADN, RN

Clinical Specialist
AngioDynamics
Albany, New York

Virginia Ford RN, CRNP, MSN

Nurse Practitioner, Hypertension/Nephrology
Retired, University of Pennsylvania
Surfside Beach, South Carolina Margit B. Gerardi PhD, WHCNP, PMHNP-BC

Nurse Practitioner, Psychiatry
Veterans Health Administration
San Antonio, Texas Adjunct Faculty
School of Nursing, Graduate Programs
Texas Tech
Lubbock, Texas Nancy Joan Girard RN, MSN, PhD

Owner/Consultant
Nurse Collaborations
Boerne, Texas

Retired Department Chair
University of Texas Health San Antonio School of Nursing
San Antonio, Texas Sheila Griffin BSN, MSN

Instructor, Professional Practice
Nursing
Texas Christian University
Fort Worth, Texas WOC Nurse
WOC Nursing
Texas Health Fort Worth
Fort Worth, Texas Nicole Heimgartner RN, DNP, COI

Adjunct Faculty, Nursing
Mercy College
Toledo, Ohio

Vice President
Nursing Consultant
Connect: RN2ED
Beavercreek, Ohio Lisa Hooter MSN, RN-BC

Nurse Educator, Nursing Education
South Texas Veterans Health Care System
San Antonio, Texas Glenda Kupferle MSN, BSN

WOC Nurse
Wound Ostomy Continence Nursing
Texas Health Resources Harris Methodist Fort Worth Hospital
Fort Worth, Texas Maria Danet Sanchez Lapiz-Bluhm BSc, BSN, BScHons, PhD

Assistant Professor
Family and Community Health Systems
University of Texas Health San Antonio School of Nursing
San Antonio, Texas Deborah A. Lekan PhD, RN-BC

Assistant Professor
Family and Community Health Nursing
University of North Carolina at Greensboro
Greensboro, North Carolina Marissa Illeana Molina MSN, RN

Assistant Professor/Clinical
Office of Faculty and Development
University of Texas Health San Antonio School of Nursing
San Antonio, Texas Tracey Smith Page DNP, RN, FNP-BC

Assistant Professor/Clinical
University of Texas Health San Antonio School of Nursing
San Antonio, Texas Cherie R. Rebar PhD, MBA, RN, COI

Professor of Nursing
Wittenberg University
Springfield, Ohio Adjunct Faculty, Nursing
Mercy College
Toledo, Ohio

Affiliate Faculty, Nursing
Indiana Wesleyan University
Marion, Indiana Glorytess Romano MSN, RN

Dean of Nursing
Brightwood CollegeCorpus Christi
Corpus Christi, Texas Johanna Ansley Sharp BA, BSN, MSN, RN

Clinical Research Nurse
Department of Neurology
University of Texas Health San Antonio
San Antonio, Texas Virginia (Jennie) Shaw MSN, RN, CNE

Associate Professor
University of Texas Health San Antonio School of Nursing