Contents
Guide
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Contents
Introduction
Practice Makes Perfect: Complete French Grammar is designed as a review and study tool for the advanced beginner and intermediate student of French. The grammar explanations given in each unit include comparisons that provide ample practice of the material along with appropriate, useful vocabulary. Instructions for each exercise are given in French, enabling the student to anticipate the task that follows while, at the same time, practicing vocabulary in context. The variety of exercises makes them suitable for a range of different learning styles; open-ended exercises are included to encourage creative answers and to increase confidence in using French for normal everyday communication.
Each unit can be studied independently to suit individual needs in a specific area. For the student seeking additional practice at the high school or college level, these units, taken individually or as a whole, provide an opportunity to learn and review French grammar using contemporary language and examples. New vocabulary is incorporated within the exercises or is highlighted in boxes. The glossaries include words appropriate to this level and make it easy to quickly review or learn new vocabulary. Finally, the verb charts serve as a quick grammar reference. Learning another language requires dedication, time, and ultimately, frequent practice.
By using what the students already know, by making connections with their first language, and by building on that base, the foundation for their future learning is strengthened. By including a number of cognates of English words in the vocabulary, both advanced beginners and intermediate students are given numerous opportunities to reinforce what they already know as they continue to advance their knowledge of French. Finally, the verb charts serve as a quick grammar reference. And this Premium Fourth Edition is enhanced with digital resources via app and online: audio recordings of hundreds of exercise answers and sample sentences; flashcards of all vocabulary lists throughout the book; and an auto-fill glossary for quick reference.
The present tense of regular -er verbs
Before studying the present tense in French, you need to be familiar with the grammatical terms in chapters presenting verbs. To conjugate a verb in the present tense, youll need to find the
root (or
stem) of a verb to which youll add the
ending corresponding to the desired
tense.
The root of the verb is found in its infinitive form. In English, the infinitive is preceded by the preposition to: to say, to wear. Infinitives in French are not preceded by an equivalent of the preposition to. They are identified according to groups by their endings: -er, -ir, -re, -oir.
Regular -er verbs in the present
Lets start with the infinitives of verbs of the first group, ending in
-er, such as
regarder (
to look at) and
chanter (
to sing). Most verbs that end in