Phillip Henderson - Kentuckians Before Boone

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NEW BOOKS FOR NEW READERS

Phyllis MacAdam, General Editor

Kentuckians
Before Boone

A. Gwynn Henderson

THE UNIVERSITY PRESS OF KENTUCKY

For Narn and Dad, Lenape, and David

On the cover: At-Night, Flies-Alone, and their baby daughter return home after a walk.

The cover illustration and the drawings on pages 7, 31, and 32 are by Dr. Virginia Smith. The remaining illustrations are adaptations by Dr. Smith of drawings by Jimmy A. Railey depicted on the Kentucky Heritage Councils poster Kentucky Before Boone. The photograph on is courtesy of Christopher A. Turnbow.

Copyright 1992 by The University Press of Kentucky

Scholarly publisher for the Commonwealth, serving Bellarmine College, Berea College, Centre College of Kentucky, Eastern Kentucky University, The Filson Club, Georgetown College, Kentucky Historical Society, Kentucky State University, Morehead State University, Murray State University, Northern Kentucky University, Transylvania University, University of Kentucky, University of Louisville, and Western Kentucky University.

Editorial and Sales Offices: Lexington, Kentucky 40508-4008

Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data

Henderson, A. Gwynn.

Kentuckians before Boone / A. Gwynn Henderson.

p. cm. (New books for new readers)
ISBN 0-8131-0908-6 (alk. paper)

1. Fort Ancient cultureKentucky. Indians of North
AmericaKentuckyHistory. Indians of North America
KentuckySocial life and customs. I. Title II. Series.
E99.F7H46 1992
976.901dc20

92-11161

This book is printed on recycled acid-free paper meeting
the requirements of the American National Standard for
Permanence of Paper for Printed Library Materials.

Contents

Foreword

The New Books for New Readers project was made possible by funding from the National Endowment for the Humanities, the Kentucky Humanities Council, and the Scripps Howard Foundation through the Kentucky Post. The co-sponsorship and continuing assistance of the Kentucky Department for Libraries and Archives and the Kentucky Literacy Commission have been essential to our undertaking. We are also grateful for the advice and support provided to us by the University Press of Kentucky. All these agencies share our commitment to the important role that reading books should play in the lives of the people of our state, and their belief in this project has made it possible.

This Kentucky Bicentennial volume was made possible in part by the Kentucky Heritage Council (the State Historic Preservation Office). Heritage Council programs such as the National Register of Historic Places and the Archaeological Registry Program have collected information on over 40,000 important historic structures and archaeological sites. Through publications such as this, the Heritage Council is making information about Kentuckys rich cultural heritage accessible to all Kentuckians.

Because the printed word is a vital source of our commonwealths heritage, we believe that books about our states history and culture written for adult literacy students can convey information about the past to Kentucky citizens who might not otherwise have the opportunity to participate in our programs. We offer these books in the hope that, in content and by example, they will be of value to adult new readers.

Virginia G. Smith, Executive Director
Kentucky Humanities Council

Preface

A fascinating story lies beneath the feet of all Kentuckians. It is the story of prehistoric Kentucky.

I wanted to share with Kentuckys new adult readers some of the story as I understand it. So I wrote about Fishes-With-Hands and his family, who lived in central Kentucky in 1585, about 150 years before Daniel Boone was born.

Ive drawn the information for this story from two different sources. One source is descriptions of Indian groups in the eastern United States made by Euroamerican traders and visitors and by people held captive by Indians. The other is information collected from archaeological sites in Kentucky, such as the Larkin site in Bourbon County, the Goolman site in Clark County, and the Hardin Village site in Greenup County.

I had another reason for writing this book. I wanted to learn how to write about Kentuckys prehistory for people who are not archaeologists. To be able to do this, I first had to picture clearly for my readers how these Indians lived, worked, and died. To my surprise and delight, I have found that I have drawn the picture of their lives much more clearly for myself.

I would like to thank the executive director of the Winchester/Clark County Literacy Council, Peggy Greenwald, and the new readers and their tutors who read and commented on this book as it was becoming: Jearl Arthur, Lamar Street, Tamara Flinchum, Pat Noel, Floyd Flinchum, Lula Holman, Paul Griffee, Jo Brennan, Mary Newkirk, and Betty D. Snowden. They suffered with me through the early chapters until I finally found my voice, and their suggestions and questions have helped make the book better.

I would also like to thank the Kentucky Heritage Council for funding this project. This book represents another effort on the part of the Heritage Council to bring prehistory to the people of Kentucky.

I owe many thanks to my friends, archaeologists and regular people alike, who expressed interest in my book. They made suggestions and gave me other books to read. They also reviewed the final draft to make sure that I wrote The Truth, at least as far as we know it. The outside reviewers comments also were very helpful, and I thank them as well.

Finally, special thanks go to Phyllis, who gave me support and friendship, and to David, whos clearly more of an anthropologist than I am.

About the Author

A. Gwynn Henderson, a Delaware native, has always been interested in old things. At 13, she decided to become an archaeologist after reading a story about Pompeii in a book her parents gave her. She went on to get a bachelors degree in anthropology from the University of Delaware in 1975 and to work on archaeological projects in Mexico, Tennessee, Kentucky, and Indiana.

Since graduating with a masters degree in anthropology from the University of Kentucky in 1982, the author has worked mainly for the University of Kentuckys Program for Cultural Resource Assessment. During her short stay at the Kentucky State Nature Preserves Commission, she developed the Kentucky Archaeological Registry Program, which encourages landowners to protect and preserve archaeological sites located on their land. Her research, carried out at sites in Kentucky and West Virginia, focuses on the pottery-making Indian cultures of the central Ohio Valley. The author is especially interested in the Fort Ancient Indians (the subject of this book), who lived in this area before the Euroamerican settlers arrived. She and her husband, also an archaeologist, have written several articles and reports about Fort Ancient sites in Kentucky.

Picture the Past

This book describes Indian life in central Kentucky before the settlers arrived. The story is fiction, but it is based on the facts as we know them today. We know that people we call Indians or Native Americans lived in central Kentucky for thousands of years. We know about them because we have found the things they left behind. The men and women described in this story were part of a group we now call the Fort Ancient People. Their way of life lasted for over 700 years. This story takes place about 150 years before Daniel Boone was born.

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