Thomas A. Woolsey - The Brain Atlas: A Visual Guide to the Human Central Nervous System

Copyright 2008 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc. All rights reserved.

Published by John Wiley & Sons, Inc., Hoboken, New Jersey.

Published simultaneously in Canada.

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Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data:

Woolsey, Thomas A.

The brain atlas: a visual guide to the human central nervous system / Thomas A. Woolsey,

Joseph Hanaway, Mokhtar H. Gado. 3rd ed.

p. cm.

Previous ed. cataloged under title.

Includes bibliographical references and index.

ISBN 978-0-470-08476-2

1. Brain Anatomy Atlases. 2. Central nervous system Anatomy Atlases. I. Hanaway, Joseph,

1933II. Gado, Mokhtar H., 1931-III. Title.

QM455.B633 2003

611.00222 dc21

2002013579

Dedicated to

Clinton N. Woolsey

Jerzy E. Rose

David Bodian

W. Maxwell Cowan

Raymond D. Adams

C. Miller Fisher

James W. Bull

George du Boulay

Contents

Preface

The first edition of TheBrainAtlas:A VisualGuidetotheHumanCentralNervousSystem (1997) gave students of modern neuroscience an innovative combination of information on the human brain from many different sources. It included: dissections of the human brain and its blood vessels; photographs of human brain slices; MRI scans matched directly to those slices; maps of the brain territories supplied by major blood vessels; histological sections through the spinal cord, brain stem, thalamus, hypothalamus, and forebrain; and pathway diagrams rendered to convey the three-dimensional character of the principal connections of the brain. The first edition of TheBrainAtlas also was published in French and Italian. The second edition of TheBrainAtlas (2002) added several major improvements: simplified layout; a novel labeling system with direct labeling of all structures and all terms listed alphabetically on or opposite each page for rapid identification; reformatted pathway diagrams for improved clarity; and new illustrations to show cortical sulcal patterns and fiber bundles in the brain. Further, the second edition of TheBrainAtlas was spiral bound to lie flat to make it easier to use and more durable.

Many medical schools, universities, and colleges adopted the TheBrainAtlas for use in their neuroscience courses. The second edition was adopted by more institutions and is increasingly used as a resource in more undergraduate and graduate courses and health care training programs. Critical feedback from colleagues, instructors, medical, graduate, and undergraduate students, residents, and others has been given on both editions. These suggestions and the expertise of our publisher have guided the preparation of this third edition.

The third edition of TheBrainAtlas follows the successful organization, layout and design of the previous editions. However, there are a number of important improvements. First, newer imaging techniques have greatly improved in quality and detail, such that one is often hard pressed to distinguish radiological images from living human beings from those of brain slices prepared painstakingly from fixed brains. The third edition of The TheBrainAtlas has completely new radiological images of brain sections and blood vessels. Further, magnetic resonance images (MRI) have been added to illustrate the brain stem and spinal cord for comparison to the histological sections they match. Second, imaging is now fully integrated into research and clinical care so much so that the orientation conventions of radiology are now the standard. The third edition of TheBrainAtlas reflects this. The histological sections have been rotated 180 consistent with radiological conventions. In this orientation, axial images of the brain are conceptually continuous with the histological sections from the midbrain to the spinal cord. Accordingly, the order of the sections in Part III is now rearranged to flow directly from axial brain images into histological cross-sections through brain stem and spinal cord in Part IV. Third, this new edition of TheBrainAtlas includes several new and/or significantly revised illustrations in Part V that reflect advances in understanding the brain and its disorders. These are related to: a) the basal gangliasubstantia nigra, subthlamic nucleus, thalamus-cortical circuits; b) brain pathways for arousal and sleep; and c) pain pathways. Fourth, new diagrams integrating sections through the thalamus and hypothalamus illustrate the layout of cell groups and their connections in those structures. These are conceptually similar to the illustrations showing the organization of cranial nerve nuclei in the brain stem. Lastly, the third edition of TheBrainAtlas is printed so that complementary figures showing the organization of the brain stem cranial nerves and nuclei are on facing pages for direct comparison.

The third edition of TheBrainAtlas is designed to be an even easier to use, up-to-date learning resource for students of medicine and other health care professions (Physical Therapy, Occupational Therapy, Nursing), and students of biology, neuroscience, psychology and philosophy at all stages of their education. It is our hope that the third edition of TheBrainAtlas will continue to serve as an authoritative reference that is easy to use. This is important for anyone interested in the human brain, particularly resident and staff neuropathologists, neuroradiologists, neurologists, neurosurgeons and psychiatrists; selected other health care personnel; and neurobiologists, psychologists and cognitive scientists. Now is a remarkable epoch for the study of the human brain. It is our hope that the third edition of