Who Was
Mark Twain?
Who Was
Mark Twain?
By April Jones Prince
Illustrated by John OBrien
Grosset & Dunlap New York
For Davidthe first writer in our familywho always knows the difference between the almost-right word and the right wordA.J.P.
To TessJ.O.
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Text copyright 2004 by April Jones Prince. Illustrations copyright 2004 by John OBrien. All rights reserved. Published by Grosset & Dunlap, a division of Penguin Young Readers Group, 345 Hudson Street, New York, New York 10014. GROSSET & DUNLAP is a trademark of Penguin Group (USA) Inc. Printed in the U.S.A.
Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
Prince, April Jones.
Who was Mark Twain? / by April Jones Prince; illustrated by John OBrien.
v. cm.
Contents: Who was Mark Twain? In with the comet Life on the Mississippi Roughing it The celebrated jumping frog The Gilded Age Tom and Huck Following the Equator Waiting for the comet.
1. Twain, Mark, 1835-1910Juvenile literature. 2. Authors, American19th centuryBiographyJuvenile literature. [1. Twain, Mark, 1835-1910. 2. Authors, American.] I. OBrien, John, 1953- ill. II.
Title.
PS1331.P7 2004
818.409dc22
2003021265
ISBN: 978-1-101-63998-6 20 19 18 17 16 15 14 13
Who Was
Mark Twain?
When I was younger I could remember anything, whether it had happened or not.
Mark Twain
If you cant quite place the name Mark Twain, think of The Adventures of Tom Sawyer and The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn: Theyre Mark Twains most famous books.
Mark Twain was Americas greatest storyteller. He was so good at making up stories that he even made up his name. (He was born Samuel Langhorne Clemens.) His best stories came from his own boyhood adventures in the Mississippi River town of Hannibal, Missouri.
Mark Twain had an exciting lifehe was a steamboat pilot, a gold miner, a newspaper reporter. He traveled all around the world giving lectureswhich were really more like one-man showsabout his writing and experiences. Mark Twain became the most famous and successful author of his day. Many of his stories are funny, but often the humor touches serious issues, including racism, greed, and injustice. America changed a great deal during Mark Twains life. He challenged Americans to look at who they were and where they were going.
Chapter 1
In with the Comet
There comes a time in every rightly constructed boys life when he has a raging desire to go somewhere and dig for treasure.
Mark Twain
Samuel Langhorne Clemens, the man who became famous as Mark Twain, was born in a two-room house in Florida, Missouri. The date was November 30, 1835.
HALLEYS COMET
A COMET IS A BALL OF DUST, GASES, SNOW, AND ICE THAT TRAVELS AROUND THE SOLAR SYSTEM . W E CAN SEE COMETS EVERY ONCE IN A WHILE, WHEN THEY TRAVEL CLOSE TO THE SUN . T HE SUNS HEAT GIVES THE COMET A TAIL OF GAS AND DUST, FORMING A BRIGHT STREAK IN THE SKY . H ALLEYS COMET IS THE MOST FAMOUS OF THESE COSMIC SNOWBALLS . I T WAS NAMED FOR THE BRITISH ASTRONOMER EDMOND HALLEY IN 1758. H ALLEY REALIZED THAT COMET SIGHTINGS IN 1531, 1607, AND 1682 WERE ACTUALLY ALL SIGHTINGS OF THE SAME COMET . H ALLEYS COMET RETURNS ABOUT EVERY SEVENTY-SIX YEARS . I T WILL BE BACK IN 2061.
Halleys comet, which appears only once every 76 years, streaked across the sky that night. Was the brilliant light a sign? Sams mother, Jane, hoped so. Her Little Sammy had arrived two months early. He was so small and frail that she feared he wouldnt live. In those days, many childrenincluding three of Sams six brothers and sistersdid not live past childhood. But Sam Clemens survived, and he gave his mother a good deal of trouble in the process.
In 1839, Sams family moved to the larger town of Hannibal, Missouri. Sams father, John Clemens, was a lawyer and shopkeeper. John hoped to leave hard times behind.
While John struggled to support the family in Hannibal, Sam struggled to pay attention in school. He attended Mrs. Horrs log schoolhouse on Main Street. Sam was a terrific speller and loved to read, but he was restless and excitable. He often broke the rules or played hooky.
Hannibal was a river town between two bluffs that overlooked the mighty Mississippi River. Sam called it a boys paradise. He and his friends would sneak away to an island in the river to fish, swim, and smoke corncob pipes. Other days, they played in the woods. They pretended to be pirates, Indians, and Robin Hood and his Merry Men.
There were also caves downriver where the boys went looking for treasure. It was exciting and scary to explore dark, underground passages. Sam once got lost in the caves, and he almost drowned in the river nine times! You gave me more uneasiness than any child I had, his mother told him. (Sam later said he thought she enjoyed it.)
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