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Peter Jacobs - Bomber Command Airfields of Yorkshire (Aviation Heritage Trail)

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As part of the Aviation Heritage Trail series, the accomplished military author and former RAF Officer Peter Jacobs takes us to the county of Yorkshire and to its many bomber airfields of the Second World War.
From the opening day of hostilities, RAF Bomber Command took the offensive to Nazi Germany and played a leading role in the liberation of Europe. Yorkshires airfields played a key part throughout, initially as home to the Whitley squadrons of No 4 Group and then to the four-engine Halifax heavy bombers; indeed, Bomber Commands first night operation of the war was flown from one of the countys many bomber airfields. Then, as the bombing offensive gathered pace, Yorkshire welcomed the new all-Canadian No 6 (RCAF) Group, after which all of Bomber Commands major efforts during the hardest years of 1943/44 against the Ruhr, Hamburg and Berlin involved the Yorkshire-based squadrons.
Most of Yorkshires wartime bomber airfields have long gone, but many have managed to retain the flying link with their wartime past. For example, the former RAF airfields of Finningley and Middleton St George, and the factory airfield of Yeadon, are now the sites of international airports, while Breighton, Burn, Full Sutton, Pocklington and Rufforth are still used for light aircraft flying or gliding and Elvington is home to the magnificent Yorkshire Air Museum.
From airfields such as these came countless acts of personal courage and self-sacrifice, with two men being awarded the Victoria Cross, Britains highest award for gallantry. Stories of both men are included, as are tales of other personalities who brought these airfields to life. The stories of thirty-three airfields are told in total, with a brief history of each accompanied by details of how to find them and what remains of them today. Whatever your interest, be it aviation history or more local, the county of Yorkshire has rightly taken its place in the history of Bomber Command.

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Bomber Command Airfields of Yorkshire
Bomber Command Airfields of Yorkshire
Peter Jacobs
First published in Great Britain in 2017 by Pen Sword Aviation An imprint of - photo 1
First published in Great Britain in 2017 by
Pen & Sword Aviation
An imprint of Pen & Sword Books Ltd
47 Church Street
Barnsley
South Yorkshire
S70 2AS
Copyright Peter Jacobs 2017
ISBN 978 1 78346 331 2
eISBN 978 1 47387 005 5
Mobi ISBN 978 1 47387 004 8
The right of Peter Jacobs to be identified as author of this work has been asserted by him in accordance with the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988.
A CIP catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library
All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical including photocopying, recording or by any information storage and retrieval system, without permission from the Publisher in writing.
Pen & Sword Books Ltd incorporates the Imprints of Pen & Sword Aviation, Pen & Sword Maritime, Pen & Sword Military, Wharncliffe Local History, Pen & Sword Select, Pen & Sword Military Classics, Leo Cooper, Remember When, Seaforth Publishing and Frontline Publishing
For a complete list of Pen & Sword titles please contact
PEN & SWORD BOOKS LIMITED
47 Church Street, Barnsley, South Yorkshire, S70 2AS, England
E-mail:
Website: www.pen-and-sword.co.uk
Contents
Acknowledgements
T his is my fifth book on RAF airfields during the Second World War as part of the Aviation Heritage Trail series, and the second relating to Bomber Command following Bomber Command Airfields of Lincolnshire . Many people have helped me along the way, in particular I would like to thank: Ian Ross, the Chief Engineer at the Royal Aeroplane Club (Breighton); Matthew Ellis, Ian Myles and John Stirk at the Burn Gliding Club (Burn); Liz Bamford at the RAF College Cranwell; the Circuit Manager at the Croft Circuit (Croft); Ian Reed (Museum Director) and Ian Richardson (Communications Manager) at the Yorkshire Air Museum (Elvington); Simon Pocklington (the owner), Cas Smith (Chief Flying Instructor) and Carrie at the Full Sutton Flying Centre (Full Sutton); Group Captain David Bradshaw (Station Commander), Squadron Leader Alfie Hall (Historical Training Facility) and Lynn Dunne (Media Communications Officer) at RAF Leeming; Group Captain Iain Lang (Station Commander), Wing Commander (Retd) Alan Mawby (Curator of the Memorial Room), Dick Arthurs (Assistant Curator) and Flight Lieutenant Mike Lumsden (Media Communications Officer) at RAF Lintonon-Ouse; Kevin Bryett (Chairman, 158 Squadron Association), Alison Mottershead (Secretary, 158 Squadron Association) and Peter Naylor (Lissett); Tonita Day at the Wolds Gliding Club (Pocklington); Alan Swales and Pat at the York Gliding Centre (Rufforth); and Jacqui Watts (Snaith).
I must also thank Seb Cox and his staff at the Air Historical Branch (RAF) at RAF Northolt for their help over so many years. As far as other sources of information are concerned, I would like to pay tribute to Martin Middlebrook and Chris Everitt for their excellent book The Bomber Command War Diaries: An Bomber Command Airfields of Yorkshire Operational Reference Book 19391945 . I have always considered this book to be the authoritative work when it comes to facts and figures about Bomber Command during the Second World War. When it comes to squadrons and aircraft types I always use James J Halleys excellent book Squadrons of the Royal Air Force and Commonwealth 19181988 , which I consider to be the best and most consistent record under one cover. As for the illustrations in this book, many have been generously provided by individuals over the years or have come from the AHB or Imperial War Museum, and so I thank everyone who has helped me with images over the years, in particular my former RAF colleague Ken Delve.
It only leaves me to say thank you to all those who served with Bomber Command during the Second World War. Without their remarkable contribution there would be no stories to be told. I must also thank the management and staff at Pen and Sword, in particular Laura Hirst for all her effort behind the scenes to turn my work into the publication you see today.
Introduction
D uring nearly six years of the Second World War only one force on the Allied side was continuously involved in active operations against Nazi Germany RAF Bomber Command. Bomber Command had entered the war with fiftyfive squadrons spread across five operational groups, with the Yorkshire-based 4 Group, headquartered at Linton-on-Ouse, equipped with the twin-engine Armstrong Whitworth Whitley medium bomber; eight squadrons were based at four of the countys airfields with a further two squadrons of Handley Page Hampdens belonging to 5 Group based in South Yorkshire.
A series of pre-war expansion schemes would see an increase in the number of bomber airfields in eastern England, including Yorkshire, but it would take time for these to be complete with the last not ready until 1943. They were, however, all based on a standard bomber airfield design with three concrete/ tarmac hardened runways, all connected by a perimeter track off which hard standings were constructed for the dispersal of aircraft. The airfields included various hangars and other technical, administrative and domestic buildings, depending on where and when they were constructed, with station personnel accommodated in a variety of ways; ranging from being housed in the local community to purpose-built brick buildings on base to temporary Nissen huts that proved to be cold and draughty in winter.
Along with 5 Groups Hampdens and the Vickers Wellingtons of 3 Group, Yorkshires Whitley squadrons bore the brunt of Bomber Commands early campaign. Indeed, Whitleys were involved in Bomber Commands first operations of the war when ten aircraft dropped propaganda leaflets over Germany; an operation known as Nickelling .
Bomber Commands operational airfields in Yorkshire and County Durham during the - photo 2
Bomber Commands operational airfields in Yorkshire and County Durham during the Second World War. Non-operational airfields are not shown, they are: Acaster Malbis (south of York); Cottam (south of Driffield); Marston Moor (north-west of Rufforth); Plainville (north of York); Riccall (north-west of Breighton); and Wombleton (north-east of East Moor). The emergency landing ground at Carnaby is north of Lissett. Doncaster and Lindholme are near their main airfield of Finningley in South Yorkshire, none of which were part of 4 Group or 6 (RCAF) Group, while the factory airfield of Yeadon is to the north-west of Leeds in West Yorkshire and off the map . (Author)
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