Steven D. Gish - Amy Biehls Last Home

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AMY BIEHLS LAST HOME

AMY BIEHLS LAST HOME

A Bright Life, a Tragic Death, and a Journey of Reconciliation in South Africa

Steven D. Gish

OHIO UNIVERSITY PRESS

ATHENS

Ohio University Press, Athens, Ohio 45701

ohioswallow.com

2018 by Ohio University Press

All rights reserved

To obtain permission to quote, reprint, or otherwise reproduce or distribute material from

Ohio University Press publications, please contact our rights and permissions department at (740) 593-1154 or (740) 593-4536 (fax).

Printed in the United States of America

The books in the Ohio University Research in International Studies Series are printed on acid-free paper

28 27 26 25 24 23 22 21 20 19 18 5 4 3 2 1

Library of Congress Cataloging in Publication Control Number: 2018015586

To the Cawdrys

Dave, Anne, Clive, Gary, and Andrew

for their warm welcome so many years ago

Instead of hatred and revenge we chose reconciliation and nation-building.

Nelson Mandela speaking at Nobel Square, Cape Town, South Africa, December 14, 2003

Saw a number of postings about true reconciliation.

Just for the record, there is no such thing as true

reconciliation. Reconciliation is always difficult,

messy and unpredictable. Sometimes it works, and

then it is a gift to humanity and to those involved. It

is not a legal or political process; it is, in all its frailty,

a very human process.

Jonathan Jansen (rector of the University of the Free State), Facebook post, December 16, 2015

Contents

Illustrations

MAPS

Map 1. Southern Africa in the early 1990s

Map 2. Cape Town and its environs

PHOTOS

Abbreviations

ABC	American Broadcasting Company
ABFT	Amy Biehl Foundation Trust
AIDS	Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome
ANC	African National Congress
AP	Associated Press
APLA	Azanian Peoples Liberation Army
AWB	Afrikaner Resistance Movement (Afrikaner Weerstandsbeweging)
AZAPO	Azanian Peoples Organization
BFP	Biehl family papers
CA	California
CBS	Columbia Broadcasting System
CDS	Centre for Development Studies
CEO	Chief Executive Officer
CIA	Central Intelligence Agency
CNN	Cable News Network
CODESA	Convention for a Democratic South Africa
COSAG	Concerned South Africans Group
COSAS	Congress of South African Students
COSATU	Congress of South African Trade Unions
CSU	California State University

c.v.	curriculum vitae
D.C.	District of Columbia
DNC	Democratic National Committee
GDP	Gross Domestic Product
GPA	Grade point average
IDASA	Institute for a Democratic Alternative for South Africa
KS	Kansas
LA Times	Los Angeles Times
LAX	Los Angeles International Airport
M.A.	Master of Arts
MA	Massachusetts
MBA	Master of Business Administration
MESAB	Medical Education for South African Blacks
MP	Member of Parliament
NAACP	National Association for the Advancement of Colored People
NADEL	National Association of Democratic Lawyers
NASA	National Aeronautics and Space Administration
NBC	National Broadcasting Company
NCAA	National Collegiate Athletic Association
NDI	National Democratic Institute for International Affairs
NGO	Non-governmental organization
NPR	National Public Radio
NY	Native Yard
NY	New York
NYT	New York Times
OCR	Orange County Register
PAC	Pan Africanist Congress

PASO	Pan Africanist Students Organization
PhD	Doctor of Philosophy
Rev.	Reverend
SABC	South African Broadcasting Corporation
SADF	South African Defence Force
SADTU	South African Democratic Teachers Union
SAIRR	South African Institute of Race Relations
SAP	South African Police
SWAPO	South West Africa Peoples Organization
TRC	Truth and Reconciliation Commission
UCLA	University of California at Los Angeles
UCT	University of Cape Town
UDF	United Democratic Front
UK	United Kingdom
UN	United Nations
UNESCO	United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization
US	United States
USAID	United States Agency for International Development
USIS	United States Information Service
USSR	Union of Soviet Socialist Republics
UWC	University of the Western Cape
WNC	Womens National Coalition
YMCA	Young Mens Christian Association

1 Southern Africa in the early 1990s. (Map by Brian Edward Balsley, GISP)

2 Cape Town and its environs. (Map by Brian Edward Balsley, GISP)

Introduction

OF THE approximately 18,000 people killed in South Africas political violence during the last decade of apartheid (198494), a handful of victims received disproportionate publicity. One was Amy Biehl, a 26-year-old American Fulbright scholar based in Cape Town in 199293 who was studying the role of women in South Africas transition to democracy. Biehls commitment to democracy and womens rights was widely hailed by South Africans of all races who worked with her during her 10-month stay in South Africa. On August 25, 1993, two days before her scheduled return to the United States, Biehl was attacked and killed by a group of militant black youths chanting antiwhite slogans as she was giving some black friends a ride home. She was the only American killed in the political violence that accompanied apartheids demise.

Biehls death made headlines all over the world. So did the magnanimity of her parents, who established a foundation in Amys name to conduct humanitarian work in Cape Towns black townships. Not only did Peter and Linda Biehl accept amnesty for their daughters killers, but they eventually reconciled with two of the young men and hired them to work for the Amy Biehl Foundation. Today there is a monument in Gugulethu marking the spot where their daughter Amy was killed. Years before this monument was unveiled, Gugulethu residents put up a simple banner memorializing the fallen American with the words Amy Biehls Last Home.

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