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ROUTLEDGE LIBRARY EDITIONS: MILITARY AND NAVAL HISTORY

Volume 24

THE CAVALIER ARMY

THE CAVALIER ARMY

Its Organisation and Everyday Life

PETER YOUNG AND WILFRID EMBERTON

First published in 1974

This edition first published in 2016

by Routledge

2 Park Square, Milton Park, Abingdon, Oxon OX14 4RN

and by Routledge

711 Third Avenue, New York, NY 10017

Routledge is an imprint of the Taylor & Francis Group, an informa business

1974 George Allen & Unwin Ltd

All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reprinted or reproduced or utilised in any form or by any electronic, mechanical, or other means, now known or hereafter invented, including photocopying and recording, or in any information storage or retrieval system, without permission in writing from the publishers.

Trademark notice: Product or corporate names may be trademarks or registered trademarks, and are used only for identification and explanation without intent to infringe.

British Library Cataloguing in Publication Data

A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library

ISBN: 978-1-138-90784-3 (Set)

ISBN: 978-1-315-67905-1 (Set) (ebk)

ISBN: 978-1-138-92861-9 (Volume 24) (hbk)

ISBN: 978-1-315-68165-8 (Volume 24) (ebk)

Publishers Note

The publisher has gone to great lengths to ensure the quality of this reprint but points out that some imperfections in the original copies may be apparent.

Disclaimer

The publisher has made every effort to trace copyright holders and would welcome correspondence from those they have been unable to trace.

. Sir George Wharton, Royalist and astrologer, defeated at Stow-on-the-Wold in 1643 (City Art Gallery, York, the collection of the late Lord Wharton)

THE CAVALIER ARMY

Its Organisation and Everyday Life

by

BRIGADIER PETER YOUNG

DSO, MC, MA, FSA

and

WILFRID EMBERTON

FRGS, AR Hist. S

With twenty-four line illustrations
by Stephen Beck

First published in 1974

This book is copyright under the Berne Convention. All rights are reserved. Apart from any fair dealing for the purpose of private study, research, criticism or review, as permitted under the Copyright Act 1956, no part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, electrical, chemical, mechanical, optical, photocopying, recording or otherwise, without the prior permission of the copyright owner. Inquiries should be addressed to the publishers.

George Allen & Unwin Ltd 1974

ISBN 0 04 942124 7

Printed in Great Britain

in 11 point Baskerville

by W & J Mackay Limited

Chatham

To the memory of

JOHN M. EMBERTON DCM

who in his generation braved worse hazards than the men whose adventures are described here

Foreword

God must have loved the Common Man He made so many of them

Abraham Lincoln

In this book we have striven to show what it was like to serve in the army of King Charles I. It has not been altogether an easy task. For this there are two main reasons. The first is prejudice: the second is information or rather lack of it.

As to prejudice we will only say that the familiar and conventional idea of a Cavalier or of a Roundhead is a gross caricature. There were, of course, rakehells on the one side and ranting hypocrites on the other, but for the most part the men who were drawn into the struggle were in their day typical of their region, their class, or their family. In the so-called permissive society of today the great majority on either side would probably be regarded as extremely straitlaced.

As to information it may be worth remarking that for any war after the Napoleonic Wars one can usually find numbers of eyewitness accounts, letters, diaries and so on, to illustrate the smallest action. This is not so of the Civil War. One cannot, for example, find so much as a single letter describing the battle of Naseby from the point of view of a Royalist infantry officer. In building up our picture we have been compelled to range far and wide in the search to present a comprehensive picture of the seventeenth-century servicemans life, his pleasures, punishments and privations from the time of joining to his pension.

Whilst sometimes we have been compelled to tread relatively familiar ground, we hope we have opened up new vistas in some directions. The combinations of our very different service backgrounds and attitudes has perhaps resulted in a real contribution not only to Civil War literature, but to the growing interest in social history as well. In a work of this nature one is greatly assisted by the help freely and generously given by all kinds of people too numerous to name here, but we feel that the significant contribution made by two ladies cannot be overlooked. Our grateful thanks to Joan Young, who read and corrected the proof copy, and Janet Walker, who grappled with the handwriting of whichever one of us it was.

P.Y.

W.J.E.

Contents

Illustrations

PLATES

1. Sir George Wharton, Royalist and astrologer Frontispiece facing page

.

1642
3 January	King Charles enters Parliament to arrest the Five Members
23 April	Hull closes her gates against the King
21 August	Dover Castle taken by Parliament forces
22 August	The King raises his standard at Nottingham
7 September	Waller takes Portsmouth from Goring
23 September	Skirmish at Powick Bridge. Rupert routs Parliamentary horse
23 October	First major confrontation, at Edgehill. Royalist victory
29 October	Oxford becomes Royalist headquarters
12 November	Rupert storms and takes Brentford
13 November	Kings army confronted by conjoined forces of Essex and the London Trained Bands. King retreats to Reading
12 December	Waller captures Winchester
1643
19 January	Braddock Down. Hopton secures Cornwall for the King
2 February	Rupert storms Cirencester
23 February	The Queen lands at Bridlington
19 March	Northampton defeats Gell and Brereton at Hopton Heath, but is slain

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