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Mandeep Singh - Air Defence Artillery in Combat, 1972 to the Present: The Age of Surface-to-Air Missiles

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Air Defence Artillery in Combat, 1972 to the Present: The Age of Surface-to-Air Missiles: summary, description and annotation

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It covers, chapter by chapter the anti-air battle in wars from Yom Kippur (1973) onwards . . . a readable, well researched and well-presented book. Army Rumour Service (ARRSE)
Anti-aircraft artillery truly came into prominence during the Second World War, shooting down more aircraft than any other weapon and seriously affecting the conduct of air operations. Development continued into the Cold War, resulting in the extensive introduction of surface-to-air missiles, or SAMs. Though the first combat success of such weapons was during the Vietnam War, when a Soviet-designed S-75 Dvina missile shot down a USAF F-4C Phantom on 24 July 1965, it was the Yom Kippur War of 1973 which brought surface-to-air missiles to the center stage.
During this short but bitter conflict, Egyptian and Syrian air defenses shot down nearly fifty Israeli aircraft in the first three days alonealmost a fourth of Israels entire combat aircraft fleet. In all, Israel lost 104 aircraft during the war and, for the first time, more aircraft were lost to SAMs than any other cause. The age of surface-to-air missiles had dawned.
In this unique examination, the author details the development of not just surface-to-air missiles, but all anti-aircraft artillery, since 1972. The part that such equipment played in all of the major conflicts since then is explored, including the Soviet Afghan War, the Falklands War, in which Rapier was deployed, the conflict in Lebanon, Kosovo and Bosnia, the Gulf War, Operation Desert Storm in 1991, and Operation Iraqi Freedom in 1993. The investigation is brought right up to date by a study of the weapons, tactics and engagements seen in the conflicts in Syria and Yemen.

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Air Defence Artillery in Combat, 1972 to the Present
To
Harpreet, Prabhleen and Gurleen
Air Defence Artillery in Combat, 1972 to the Present
Mandeep Singh
Air Defence Artillery in Combat 1972 to the Present The Age of Surface-to-Air Missiles - image 1
First published in Great Britain in 2020 by
Pen & Sword Air World
An imprint of
Pen & Sword Books Ltd
Yorkshire Philadelphia
Copyright Mandeep Singh 2020
ePUB ISBN: 978 1 52676 204 7
Mobi ISBN: 978 1 52676 206 1
The right of Mandeep Singh to be identified as Author of this work has been asserted by him in accordance with the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988.
A CIP catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library.
All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical including photocopying, recording or by any information storage and retrieval system, without permission from the Publisher in writing.
Pen & Sword Books Limited incorporates the imprints of Atlas, Archaeology, Aviation, Discovery, Family History, Fiction, History, Maritime, Military, Military Classics, Politics, Select, Transport, True Crime, Air World, Frontline Publishing, Leo Cooper, Remember When, Seaforth Publishing, The Praetorian Press, Wharncliffe Local History, Wharncliffe Transport, Wharncliffe True Crime and White Owl.
For a complete list of Pen & Sword titles please contact
PEN & SWORD BOOKS LIMITED
47 Church Street, Barnsley, South Yorkshire, S70 2AS, England
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Website: www.pen-and-sword.co.uk
Or
PEN AND SWORD BOOKS
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Contents
Abbreviations
Above Ground LevelAGL
Airborne Early WarningAEW
Aircraftac
Airborne Warning and Control SystemAWACS
Air DefenceAD
Air Defence ArtilleryADA
Air Defence Direction CentreADDC
Air Defence Operations CentreADOC
Air ForceAF
Ante MeridiemAM
Anti-AircraftAA
Anti-Aircraft ArtilleryAAA
Anti-radiation MissilesARM
Anti-Tank Guided MissileATGM
ArmourArmr
ArmouredArmd
ArtilleryArty
BatteryBty
Beyond Visual RangeBVR
BrigadeBde
Fuerza Area ArgentinaFAA
Central Intelligence AgencyCIA
ColonelCol
Combat Air PatrolCAP
CommandoCdo
CommanderCdr
Control & ReportingC&R
Continuous WaveCW
DivisionDiv
Electronic Counter MeasuresECM
Electronic IntelligenceELINT
Electronic WarfareEW
Electronic Warfare OfficersEWO
Forward Looking Infra-RedFLIR
Her Majestys ShipHMS
Homing All the Way KillerHAWK
InfantryInf
Infra-redIR
Integrated Air Defence SystemIADS
Identification Friend or FoeIFF
Israeli Air ForceIAF
Israeli Defence ForcesIDF
MarkMk
MissileMsl
Non-Commissioned OfficerNCO
North Atlantic Treaty OrganisationNATO
Precision guided munitionPGM
OperationOp
Photo-reconnaissancePR
Post MeridiemPM
Prisoner of WarPoW
RadarRdr
Radar-Surface to Air MissileR-SAM
Radar Warning ReceiverRWR
ReconnaissanceRecce
Remotely Piloted VehicleRPV
Man-portable Air Defence SystemMANPADS
Mobile Observation UnitMOU
Palestine Liberation OrganizationPLO
Royal Air ForceRAF
Royal NavyRN
Special Air ServiceSAS
Standard Operating ProcedureSOP
Surface to Air MissileSAM
Suppression of Enemy Air DefenceSEAD
SquadronSqn
TelevisionTV
TrinitrotolueneTNT
United NationsUN
United Nations Security CouncilUNSC
United States Air ForceUSAF
United States Marine CorpsUSMC
United States of AmericaUSA
Unmanned Aerial VehicleUAV
Vertical/Short Take-Off and LandingV/STOL
Very Low ObservabilityVLO
Introduction
T he first two decades following the Second World War saw the ground-based air defences challenge the air forces and emerge as a force to be reckoned with. It saw the growth and maturing of surface-to-air missiles as the most feared and respected component of an air defence system. Starting from the efforts made by Nazi Germany, the initial developmental efforts were made to counter jet aircraft, but the real development took place in the early fifties, ostensibly to counter the threat of long-range jet bombers carrying nuclear weapons.
The US was the first to develop an operational surface to air missile; it deployed the Nike Ajax in 1954, designed to counter the conventional bomber aircraft flying at high subsonic speeds and altitudes above 15,000 metres. The Soviet Union followed a year later with the S-25 Berkut system (SA-1) entering operational service on 7 May 1955. It was a static system used for the air defence of Moscow. The basic design of the S-25 was used to develop the smaller but more mobile and effective S-75 Dvina (SA-2) which entered service in 1957. The early surface-to-air missiles were aimed to counter the high-flying reconnaissance aircraft and the jet-powered nuclear-armed bomber and it was no surprise that the first successful use of SAM was against a Taiwanese Martin RB-57D Canberra high-altitude reconnaissance aircraft which was hit by a Chinese-operated S-75 near Beijing on 7 October 1959 over six months before the much publicised shooting down of Francis Gary Powers U-2 in 1960. The SA-2 would go on to claim several Taiwanese-piloted and operated aircraft to include at least five U-2s besides several RB-57s and drones as well as another US U-2 over Cuba in 1962.
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