Timeline
1822 Louis Pasteur is born in Dole, France, on December 27
1842 Earns a science degree from a college in nearby Besanon
1843 Begins studying at the cole Normale Suprieure in Paris, where he learns fromsome of Frances most important scientists
1849 Starts work as professor of chemistry at the University of Strasbourg; marriesMarie Laurent
1854 Starts working at the university in Lille, where he first studies the role ofmicrobes in fermentation
1857 Moves to Paris, where his work on fermentation continues
1859 The Pasteurs eldest daughter, Jeanne, dies from the disease typhoid
1862 Pasteur becomes a member of the Academy of Sciences
1865 Begins work on the problems of disease in silkworms; daughter Camille dies
1866 Daughter Ccile dies
1867 Pasteur loses his job at the cole Normale Suprieure; becomes a professor atthe Sorbonne
1877 Begins to study infectious diseases in animals and humans
1881 Carries out a public demonstration of an anthrax vaccine at Pouilly-le-Fort;becomes a member of the Acadmie Franaise
1885 Carries out the successful treatment of Joseph Meister with a rabies vaccine
1895 Louis Pasteur dies on September 28
Find Out More
BOOKS
Fandel, Jennifer. Louis Pasteur and Pasteurization (Graphic Library: Inventions andDiscoveries). Mankato, Minn.: Capstone, 2007.
Miles, Liz. Louis Pasteur (Atomic: Great Scientists). Chicago: Raintree, 2009.
Ollhoff, Jim. The Germ Detectives (Super Science). Edina, Minn.: ABDO, 2010.
Walker, Richard. Epidemics and Plagues (Kingfisher Knowledge). Boston: Kingfisher,2007.
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PLACES TO VISIT
Exploratorium
Pier 15
San Francisco, California 94111
www.exploratorium.edu
Museum of Science and Industry
5700 South Lake Shore Drive
Chicago, Illinois 60637
www.msichicago.org
Contents
Some words are shown in bold , like this. You can find out what they mean by lookingin the glossary.
Who Was Louis Pasteur?
Louis Pasteur spent his life trying to understand the world of , but they are everywhere around us. They causediseases, but they also help humans and animals in many ways. Pasteur studied andexperimented with microbes. He explained more about how they work than any other scientist. His discoveries saved millions of lives.
Louis Pasteurs discoveries made him famous around the world.
When Pasteur was born, scientists understood little about the tiny living thingsthey could see through microscopes. Pasteur was able to prove that microbes causedmany natural processes, such as turning milk sour. He was also able to explain wherethese germs came from and how they caused diseases.
NEW IDEAS
Pasteurs discoveries made him famous. They also challenged what other scientistsbelieved. Scientists and other people often disagreed with Pasteurs ideas, but hewas able to prove them wrong.
Pasteur worked long hours in his to solve the mysteries of microscopiclife.
Family
Louis Pasteur was born in Dole, a town in eastern France, on December 27, 1822. Hisfather was a tanner, meaning he made animal skins into leather. Louis later saidthat his father had taught him the importance of hard work.
Louis was a talented artist and painted these pictures of his parents.
A proud Frenchman
When Louis was born in 1822, France was just recovering from many years of and war. The war had ended when the French emperor Napoleon was defeated by GreatBritain and other European countries at the Battle of Waterloo in 1815. Louiss fatherfought in the war, and Louis was always a proud Frenchman.
While Louis was still young, the family moved to nearby Arbois, France. Louis wentto the local elementary school. He did not do well in school, but he studied hard.His hard work paid off in high school. One of his teachers told his father that Louishad a chance of training as a teacher at Frances best teaching college. Louis earnedhis in science from the college in nearby Besanon and then headed to Francescapital, Paris.
Paris was a long way from home for the young scientist.
Learning and Teaching
When Pasteur started working in the laboratory at the cole Normale Suprieure inParis, he knew that he had found his lifes work. He worked with some of Francesgreatest scientists. He earned an advanced degree called a doctorate in science in1847. However, at the time, there were not many chances to work in Pa scientificresearch. pare
Pasteurs parents were worried that their son would be distracted from his studiesby the social whirl of Paris, but he was dedicated to his work.
Pasteur left Paris in 1848 to teach science at a school in Dijon, France, but hereally wanted to spend his time in the laboratory. He soon accepted a job as professorof chemistry at the University of Strasbourg, also in France.
MARRYING MARIE
In 1849, Pasteur married Marie Laurent, whose father was head of the university.In 1854, the couple moved to the city of Lille, France, where Pasteur was offereda better job at the citys university.
This portrait shows the young Pasteur around the time of his marriage to Marie.
Ambition
Shortly after arriving in Strasbourg, Pasteur wrote to Maries father asking if hecould marry her. His letter included details of his family. It also said that heplanned to become a member of the Academy of Sciences, a society made up of Francesvery best scientists.
Solving Problems
The Pasteurs new home city was at the center of French . Pasteur used hisknowledge of science to solve the problems of local businesses. A local brewer complainedto Pasteur that his business was losing money because the beer he made was turningsour. Studying the beer under a microscope, Pasteur could see tiny living things,or microbes.