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Bauduin - Hitler’s Spyplane Over Normandy 1944: The World’s First Jet

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Bauduin Hitler’s Spyplane Over Normandy 1944: The World’s First Jet
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Hitler’s Spyplane Over Normandy 1944: The World’s First Jet: summary, description and annotation

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This is the story of the Arado 234, an aircraft that on one day in 1944, in the skies above Normandy, heralded the beginning of a new era in aviation: the jet era...
For more than a century, the aviation industry has experienced continual change and upheaval. Many individuals have contributed to this field of developmental aviation over the course of time. One of these key players is Heinrich Lbbe, a man who marked the evolution of aerial transportation through his cultivation of technological excellence. From flying lessons given to him by his friend Roland Garros, to the creation of the Arado business, Lbbe made a significant impact and left a lasting legacy.
His machines, the first jets in the world, were flown by exceptional pilots such as Horst Gtz and Erich Sommer, known as des moustachus (the moustachioed). In Hitlers Germany, the Arado jets were put to work in a variety of contexts. Perhaps most significantly, they were employed in the task of photo-reconnaissance during the Battle for Normandy, following the iconic landings of June 1944. In this role, they brought back extraordinary images from the invasion beaches, revealing with astounding detail the positions and plans of the allied forces.
These images, previously unseen by the public, shed new light on the battle, whilst at the same time proving the Germans indisputable superiority in the field of jet aviation. The fact that American troops hastened to transfer the Arado AR234 and Messerschmitt 262 to the USA to uncover all their secrets postwar says a lot about how they were viewed in the eyes of the enemy.
In addition to many top-secret aerial images, this book is enriched with around twenty photographs from the personal archives of Erich Sommer, the Arado pilot, which have never before been published. The book is packed with both color and black and white images and represents an impressive pictorial history of the worlds first jet

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First published in 2013 by Editions Heimdal BP 61350 ZA de Damigny 2 Rue de la - photo 1
First published in 2013 by Editions Heimdal BP 61350 ZA de Damigny 2 Rue de la - photo 2

First published in 2013 by
Editions Heimdal BP 61350
ZA de Damigny, 2 Rue de la Cartoucherie 14406, Bayeux

and reprinted in this format in 2014 by Pen and Sword Aviation

An imprint of
Pen & Sword Books Ltd
47 Church Street
Barnsley
South Yorkshire
S70 2AS

Copyright Philippe Bauduin (Editions Heimdal) 2013, 2014

ISBN 978 1 47382 339 6

The right of Philippe Bauduin (Editions Heimdal) to be identified as Author of this work has been asserted by him in accordance with the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988.

A CIP catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library

All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical including photocopying, recording or by any information storage and retrieval system, without permission from the Publisher in writing.

Typeset in Sabon by
Mac Style Ltd, Bridlington, East Yorkshire

Printed and bound in England
By CPI Group (UK) Ltd, Croydon, CR0 4YY

Pen & Sword Books Ltd incorporates the Imprints of Pen & Sword Aviation, Pen & Sword Family History, Pen & Sword Maritime, Pen & Sword Military, Pen & Sword Discovery, Pen and Sword Fiction, Pen and Sword History, Wharncliffe Local History, Wharncliffe True Crime, Wharncliffe Transport, Pen & Sword Select, Pen & Sword Military Classics, Leo Cooper, The Praetorian Press, Seaforth Publishing and Frontline Publishing

For a complete list of Pen & Sword titles please contact
PEN & SWORD BOOKS LIMITED
47 Church Street, Barnsley, South Yorkshire, S70 2AS, England
E-mail:
Website: www.pen-and-sword.co.uk

Contents
Prelude

On 2 August 1944, Luftwaffe pilot Erich Sommer took off from Juvincourt airfield on board his Arado 234 reconnaissance aeroplane. His mission, which would last an hour and a half, was to fly over the Normandy front, where the fighting had continued to rage since the invasion on 6 June. It is important to remember that although we would today describe the Arado 234 as a jet, in 1944, jet aviation was still in its infancy. What is more, this ten day mission coincided with a key episode in the Battle for Normandy: the clash between German and Allied troops before the breakthrough towards the Paris basin. As it happened, the last German counter- offensive, in the Mortain region in particular, began on August 2.

Thirty years later, in 1974, my wife and I purchased a small house on the bank of the river Seulles, near Creully. At the time, I noticed that the roof was made by the manufacturing firm Sulzer. Intrigued, I wanted to find out about the history of the house and, after years of research, discovered it had been built by British engineers during the Battle for Normandy. At the time it was an immense pumping station, whose primary function was to hose down the temporary Allied runways in order to eradicate the dust that would otherwise destroy the aeroplanes engines.

Having carried out my military service as a photographic interpreter in Lahr, Bade-Wutemberg, I began researching British aerial photographs of the area both before and after the invasion. I managed to find those for before, but not for afterwards, which made sense, as this area wasnt an objective for the British Army. So, I decided instead to look at photographs taken by the Luftwaffe. However, I was told that the ones I needed had been seized by the Russians in 1945 from Berlin Templehof Airport, where they had been stored until the end of the war. I filled my relations in about everything I had learnt, as well as the fact that the Russians then claimed they did not have the stolen photographs anyway.

After the fall of the Berlin Wall, I went on a business trip to the USA and whilst there, visited the National Archives in Washington DC to ask if they had any knowledge of these missing Luftwaffe photographs. I was told that the Americans had in fact stolen them from the Russians in 1945 during Operation Dick Tracy - something that had been kept secret, until now. I was informed I could see them all if I wanted to, but it meant searching for them in an enormous stockroom and I sadly didnt have the time. Upon returning to France, I found an American student from Washington, J. Waldron, who would be able to do the work for me. In 1995, he hit the jackpot; all the aerial photographs of Normandy taken by the Arado aeroplanes, a collection that was later to form the subject of my first book. Unfortunately, the Arado aeroplanes would not have taken photographs of my house, however the Junkers aeroplanes had done shortly before!

It is thanks to this research that my curiosity for the extraordinary machines that took these photographs was born. The Arado 234, that one day in 1944, in the skies above Normandy, saw the beginning of a new era in aviation: the jet.

The unexpected introduction of jet aviation in the Normandy skies is only one example of so many new technologies that were used on its battlefields. From portable telephones, naval airborne surveillance radars and the ballpoint pen, through to snorkels and streptomycin, Normandy has well and truly been at the forefront of some of the twentieth centurys great inventions.

Despite my best efforts during the research for my first book, the German authorities always prevented me from seeking out any Arado pilots. However, once the book had been published, and it was clear I was not looking to write a story on war criminals, tongues began to loosen slightly. When the book was released in Australia, it attracted the attention of a friend of mine who knew Erich Sommer, who had been living out there.

This introduction was the beginning of some extremely fulfilling exchanges between the two of us; Erich Sommer had indeed taken the photographs I wanted, but he did not have copies, although his memories have formed the basis for this book. Erich put me in contact with his friend Horst Gtz and the three of us often talked together (in English) from his home.

This book acts as a beautiful dedication to these exchanges, as well as to the incredible photographs that are contained within it.

Philippe Bauduin

____________

Philippe Bauduin, Eric Charon, Normandie 44, les photos de lavion espiron, (Mait Jacques)

Chapter One
Operation Lusty: Technology Worthy of James Bond

In the afternoon of 29 June 1945, Louis Lemarquand, a 14 year old boy from Querqueville in the suburbs of Cherbourg, heard loud noises coming from the airfield near the village. It was a place he had frequented for nearly a year; he knew every corner and every aeroplane, not to mention his GIs, who would share their chewing gum with him from time to time. With the war in Europe over and the atmosphere on the base pretty relaxed, Louis headed over to the airfield as soon as he could. Once there, he was astonished to see aeroplanes without any propellers. He asked what they were and was told they were Arados as well as Messerschmitts and other unknown aircraft. The man he spoke to may well have been Flight Lieutenant Roy Brown of the USAAF (United States Army Air Force), who had just landed with his Me 262 Pick II.

Louis Lemarquand and Roy Brown have each described their individual memories of the last moments of Operation Lusty. Similar to Operation Dick Tracy (mentioned in the introduction), it consisted of capturing the Luftwaffes most interesting technological innovations, in order to deconstruct and study them back in America.

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