Paradise-John Fuels - Fuels paradise : seeking energy security in Europe, Japan, and the United States

Fuels Paradise

Fuels Paradise

Seeking Energy Security in Europe, Japan, and the United States

John S. Duffield

Johns Hopkins University Press

Baltimore

2015 Johns Hopkins University Press

All rights reserved. Published 2015

Printed in the United States of America on acid-free paper

2 4 6 8 9 7 5 3 1

Johns Hopkins University Press

2715 North Charles Street

Baltimore, Maryland 21218-4363

www.press.jhu.edu

Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data

Duffield, John S.

Fuels paradise : seeking energy security in Europe, Japan, and the United States / John S. Duffield.

pages cm

Includes bibliographical references and index.

ISBN 978-1-4214-1673-1 (pbk. : alk. paper) ISBN 978-1-4214-1674-8 (electronic) ISBN 1-4214-1673-5 (pbk. : alk. paper) ISBN 1-4214-1674-3 (electronic) 1. Energy securityEurope. 2. Energy securityJapan. 3. Energy securityUnited States. 4. Energy policyEurope. 5. Energy policyJapan. 6. Energy policyUnited States. I. Title.

HD9502.A2D84 2015

333.79dc23 2014031361

A catalog record for this book is available from the British Library.

Special discounts are available for bulk purchases of this book. For more information, please contact Special Sales at 410 -- 6936 or specialsales@press.jhu.edu.

Johns Hopkins University Press uses environmentally friendly book materials, including recycled text paper that is composed of at least 30 percent post-consumer waste, whenever possible.

To Cheryl, again and always

CONTENTS

ACKNOWLEDGMENTS

Numerous individuals and organizations provided assistance that was essential to the completion of this project, and it is a pleasure to be able to acknowledge them here. I first wish to thank Georgia State University and the German Marshall Fund of the United States for generous financial support. The earliest incarnation of the project was supported by a GSU Research Initiation Grant. Then a substantial fellowship from the German Marshall Fund financed a semester free from teaching responsibilities and a summer of research in Europe in 2006. The College of Arts and Sciences at GSU granted me an additional semester leave, and departmental professional development funds paid for a return trip to Germany in 2007. A GSU Scholarly Support Grant made it possible for me to spend three weeks conducting interviews in Japan in 2010.

While overseas, I benefited from the generosity of a number of institutions. The German Marshall Fund office in Brussels granted me the use of an office and its many resources. The German Council on Foreign Relations in Berlin (DGAP) gave me access to its library. The Centre Amricain at Sciences Po in Paris provided me with a desk and telephone. Chuo University in Tokyo extended an affiliation and an opportunity to present some of the arguments in this book. I am also indebted to the dozens of individuals in Europe and Japan who granted in-depth interviews, sometimes lasting more than an hour. In order to maintain confidentiality, I cannot name them here, but I can extend my deepest gratitude.

Along the way, a number of professional colleagues helped in a variety of ways, from sharing contacts in Europe and Japan to providing assistance with the design of research protocols to demystifying the logistics of doing fieldwork in five foreign countries. Among those to whom I am most grateful are Ed Morse, Friedemann Mller, Kim Reimann, Len Schoppa, Satoko Yasuno, and especially, Brian Woodall, who accompanied me during much of my time in Japan and provided invaluable assistance with interviews while serving as a peerless guide to Japanese politics, history, culture, and cuisine. In addition, Toby Bolsen, Peter Dombrowski, and Charles Hankla provided feedback on parts of the manuscript.

At Georgia State, I have been fortunate to have the help of a steady stream of capable research assistants: Katrina Boyko, Sean Ding, Karit Guerrero, Holly Lindamood, Raluca Miller, Sara Miller, Ildio Nhantumbo, Jean-Franois Onivogui, Kris Sauriol, Ian Smith, and Camille Wolpe.

appeared in an earlier form in The Return of Energy Insecurity in the Developed Democracies, Contemporary Security Policy 33, no. 1 (April 2012): 126.

I wish to thank my editor at Johns Hopkins University Press, Suzanne Flinchbaugh, who took an immediate interest in the project and who ensured an expeditious review of the manuscript. An anonymous reviewer provided a number of suggestions that helped to improve the final version. During the production process, Jack Rummels careful copyediting made my life much simpler, and senior production editor Debby Bors ably guided me through the challenges of proofreading and indexing to the finish line.

Finally, I dedicate this book to my wife. Like every other major professional and personal project in my life, this one could not have been completed without her patience and tolerance as well as her love and support. She has put up with my long absences, whether overseas or in the basement office, and she has provided moral support and encouragement when the going was slow. Just by being there to share the all the excitement and frustration, joys and disappointments that inevitably accompany a big undertaking such as this, she makes it all worthwhile. Thank you, Cheryl!

ABBREVIATIONS