Table of Contents
Copyright 2007 by Douglas Farah and Stephen Braun. All rights reserved
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Published simultaneously in Canada
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Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data:
Farah, Douglas.
Merchant of death : money, guns, planes, and the man who makes war possible / Douglas Farah and Stephen Braun. p. cm.
Includes bibliographical references and index.
ISBN 978-0-470-04866-5 (cloth)
1. Bout, Viktor. 2. Transnational crime. 3. Illegal arms transfers. 4. Smuggling. 5. Security, International. I. Braun, Stephen. II. Title.
HV6252.F37 2007
364.133dc22
[B]
2006037897
To Leslie, with love and a deep appreciation for her support, insights, and love of a good story
D.F.
To my wife and son, my loves and inspirations
S.B.
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
From the authors:
This book is the product of the generosity and help of countless people, some named and many who cannot be. We would especially like to thank those who shared so much of their time and resources for the book and through the years, and whose help was indispensable: Lee Wolosky was a wellspring of perspective, always making himself available at a moments notice. Johan Peleman was unstinting in forwarding history and insights. Witney Schneidman shared his memories and expertise. Kathi Austin opened her files and shared her stories. Lieutenant Colonel Chris Walker opened up the hectic world of Baghdad International Airport. Early in our project, Andreas Morgner gave us insights into the sometimes lonely efforts to keep the Bout investigation alive. Andre Verloy was extremely generous with his time and documents.
We were aided by a long list of trailblazers and guides, chief among them Phillip van Niekerk, Dirk Draulans, Robin Bhatty, Cindor Reeves, Gayle Smith, Jonathan Winer, Michael Chandler, David Biggs, Julie Sirrs, Ambassador Juan Larrain, Mohammed Eshaq, Callum Weeks, Barbara Elias, Paolo Fusi, and Paul Salopek.
A special thanks to Jeff Leen, who is one of the best editors in the business, for helping shape the manuscript. We owe a debt of gratitude to Eric Nelson at John Wiley & Sons for his insightful editing and love of the book, and Gail Ross and Howard Yoon for helping direct our efforts. Also, our thanks to Carol Guzy for her time and sharp photographers eye.
To the many nameless who, at considerable risk, provided information, documents, and insights, our lasting appreciation. To the countless victims and survivors of a decade of war and terror caused by the flood of contraband arms, our deep and insufficient sorrow for a world that has done so little to stop the carnage.
From Douglas Farah:
My family has been extremely patient and generous with me. A heartfelt thanks for all they put up with in letting me chase stories.
A special thanks to the NEFA Foundation for its generosity in allowing me the time to write this and for vital research support. I deeply appreciate the unflagging enthusiasm of Michelle Hayes and David Draper for the project and help in times of crisis. Ron Sandees invaluable insights and deep knowledge enriched the book and saved me from many errors.
Thor Ronay and Duncan Sellars at the International Assessment and Strategy Center have offered unstinting support, especially when things looked bleakest. Thank you.
Thanks, too, to Peter Bergen, who, over a bowl of pasta, urged me to write the book and helped set me off on this adventure.
From Stephen Braun:
My family cheered me on from the moment this project was conceived, coaxing me forward, humoring me during my mood swings, and patiently tucking into the manuscript at a moments notice. They were my first and most careful readers and remained as supportive at the finish as they were at the start.
Much of this book could not have been written without the enterprising and dogged work of a stellar crew of Los Angeles Times reporters and editors who teamed up for a run of stories that grew from the terror attacks of September 11, 2001. From the beginning, Judy Pasternak, my supremely talented collaborator, was as much guide as partner, ferreting out critical leads that always moved the work forward, drawing in important sources, and writing like a dream. John Daniszewski, then a Moscow correspondent and now foreign editor of the Associated Press, was as heroic and indefatigable in chasing leads to Kabul and Sharjah as he was later in enduring the bombing of Baghdad. Without him we would never have cracked the story of the Taliban connection. The fearless and resourceful Sergei Loiko was with John for much of the journey, and came up with defining interviews every time he picked up the phone. Maura Reynolds, a gifted colleague in Washington who then worked in Moscow with John and Sergei, also provided important Russian interviews. When the story moved to Iraq, T. Christian Miller, whose sources are legion in Baghdad and Washington, provided indispensable reporting. Sebastian Rotella pitched in from Paris at a crucial juncture. The late Mark Fineman helped nudge our work forward early on, when we needed it the most. We would all have been lost without the artful spadework of John Beckham, a researchers researcher. A long parade of Times editors brought their sharp eyes to our stories, but three were instrumental in urging us on: former investigative editor Deborah Nelson shepherded all of our major efforts and encouraged us to think big; national editor Scott Kraft provided his commanding writers eye to early drafts; and former Times editor Dean Baquet unleashed us and kept us on the trail.