Zieger Robert - Americas Great War

Newspaper quotes from David Kennedy, The World Wars, Encyclopedia of the United States in the Twentieth Century, 4 vols., editor-in-chief Stanley I. Kutler (New York: Scribners, 1996), vol. 2, 621-22; Department of State release quoted in Harry Scheiber, World War I as Entrepreneurial Opportunity: Willard Straight and the American International Corporation, Political Science Quarterly 84: 3 (Sept. 1969): 493-94.

Paul A. C. Koistinen, Mobilizing for Modern War: The Political Economy of American Warfare, 1865-1919 (Lawrence: University Press of Kansas, 1997), 127.

Straight quoted in Scheiber, World War I as Entrepreneurial Opportunity, 496.

John Milton Cooper, The Vanity of Power: American Isolationism and the First World War, 1914-1917 (Westport, Conn.: Greenwood, 1969), 27-29.

Manly quoted in Scheiber, World War I as Entrepreneurial Opportunity, 501; Harding letter to Benjamin Strong, November 16, 1916, quoted in Koistinen, Mobilizing for Modern War, 133.

Wilson quoted in August Heckscher, Woodrow Wilson (New York: Macmillan/ Collier, 1991), 337, 340.

Edwyn A. Gray, The U-Boat War, 1914-1918 (reprint; London: Leo Cooper, 1994), 18, 21, 22.

The Lusitania notes, including various drafts and related correspondence, are found in The Papers of Woodrow Wilson, 69 vols., ed. Arthur S. Link (Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1980), vol. 33, passim.

Wood quoted in Kennedy, The World Wars, 623.

Martin Gilbert, The First World War: A Complete History (New York: Holt, 1994), 257.

Paul A. C. Koistinen, Mobilizing for Modern War: The Political Economy of American Warfare, 1865-1919 (Lawrence: University Press of Kansas, 1997), 133-34.

Quoted in Harry Scheiber, World War I as Entrepreneurial Opportunity: Willard Straight and the American International Corporation, Political Science Quarterly 84: 3 (September 1969): 500.

Quoted in Koistinen, Mobilizing for Modern War, 129.

Villard quoted in John Patrick Finnegan, Against the Specter of a Dragon: The Campaign for American Military Preparedness, 1914-1917 (Westport, Conn.: Greenwood, 1974), 122.

First two quotes from ibid., 110, 111, respectively; third from Chicago Tribune , June 3, 1916.

Baker quoted in John A. Thompson, Reformers and War: American Progressive Publicists and the First World War (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1987), 174-75.

Quoted in Finnegan, Against the Specter of a Dragon, 107.

General Wood quoted in Edward M. Coffman, The War to End All Wars: The American Military Experience in World War I (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1968; reprint, Madison: University of Wisconsin Press, 1986), 14; Grenville Clark quoted in Finnegan, Against the Specter of a Dragon, 67.

Amos Pinchot quoted in David M. Kennedy, Over Here: The First World War and American Society (New York: Oxford University Press, 1980), 146; Quin quoted in Finnegan, Against the Specter of a Dragon, 121.

Finnegan, Against the Specter of a Dragon, 133.

Wilson is quoted in ibid., 73, and Coffman, The War to End All Wars, 87.

Quoted in Finnegan, Against the Specter of a Dragon, 94.

Patrick Devlin, Too Proud to Fight: Woodrow Wilsons Neutrality (New York: Oxford University Press, 1975), 517.

Wilson quoted in ibid., 440-41.

Quoted in John Milton Cooper, The Command of Gold Reversed: American Loans to Britain, 1915-1917, Pacific Historical Review 45 (May 1976): 225.

This account is based on August Heckscher, Woodrow Wilson: A Biography (New York: Macmillan/Collier, 1991), 399-400.

Quoted in ibid., 422.

Wilson address, January 22, 1917, Papers of Woodrow Wilson, vol. 40, 533-39.

Quoted in Cooper, The Command of Gold Reversed, 220-21.

Lansing quoted in Arthur S. Link, Wilson: Campaigns for Progressivism and Peace, 1916-1917 (Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1965), 291.

Wilsons State of the Union Address, December 7, 1915, as cited in Anthony Gaughan, Woodrow Wilson and the Rise of Militant Interventionism in the South, Journal of Southern History 65: 4 (November 1999): 785.

Wilsons speech is quoted at length in Link, Campaigns for Progressivism and Peace, 424-26.

Lodge quoted in ibid., 426.

Du Bois is quoted in David Levering Lewis, W. E. B. Du Bois: Biography of a Race, 1868-1919 (New York: Holt, 1993), 525.

Stone and Cobb are quoted in Link, Campaigns for Progressivism and Peace, 430 and 431, respectively. Wilson is quoted in Ray Stannard Baker, Woodrow Wilson Life and Letters: Facing War, 1915-1917, 8 vols. (Garden City, N.Y: Doubleday Doran, 1937), vol. 6, 515.

Quoted in George H. Nash, The Life of Herbert Hoover: Vol. 3: Master of Emergencies, 1917-1918 (New York: Norton, 1996), 73.

Quotes, respectively, from David M. Kennedy, Over Here: The First World War and American Society (New York: Oxford University Press, 1980), 144, and Edward M. Coffman, The War to End All Wars: The American Military Experience in World War I (Oxford: Oxford University Press: 1968; reprint, Madison: University of Wisconsin Press, 1986), 8.

Clark quoted in John Whiteclay Chambers II, To Raise an Army: The Draft Comes to Modern America (New York: Free Press, 1987), 165.

Wilson quoted in Daniel R. Beaver, Newton D. Baker and the American War Effort, 1917-1919 (Lincoln: University of Nebraska Press, 1966), 33-34.

Ocala Banner, June 6, 1917.

James R. Green, Gross-Roots Socialism: Radical Movements in the Southwest, 1895-1943 (Baton Rouge: Louisiana State University Press, 1978), 359; Chicago Tribune, June 5, 1917; New York Times, July 22, 1917.

Foch quoted in Edward Robb Ellis, Echoes of Distant Thunder; Life in the United States, 1914-1918 (New York: Coward, McCann, and Geoghegan, 1975), 352.

Quotes in this paragraph from Kennedy, Over Here, 157, 156, respectively.

Edison interview, New York Times Magazine, May 30, 1915, 7.

Quoted in Paul A. C. Koistinen, Mobilizing for Modern War: The Political Economy of American Warfare, 1865-1919 (Lawrence: University Press of Kansas, 1997), 148.

Quoted in Robert H. Ferrell, Woodrow Wilson and World War, 1917-1921 (New York: Harper and Row, 1985), 25.

Ibid., 25.

Robert D. Cuff, The War Industries Board: Business-Government Relations during World War I (Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press, 1973), 209.

Hoover is quoted in Elena Danielson, United States Food Administration, in The United States in the First World War: An Encyclopedia, ed. Anne Cipriano Venzon (New York: Garland, 1995), 737; New York Tribune in James P. Johnson, The Politics of Soft Coal: The Bituminous Industry from World War I through the New Deal (Urbana: University of Illinois Press, 1979), 67.

Quoted in Ferrell, Woodrow Wilson and World War, 95.

Danielson, United States Food Administration, 737; Ferrell, Woodrow Wilson and World War, 93.

Quoted in Kennedy, Over Here, 107, 108, respectively.