Tamārī - The Great War and the Remaking of Palestine

I owe a great debt to a number of friends and colleagues who read earlier drafts of these essays over the last five years: Nazmi al-Jubeh, Rema Hammami, Khaldun Bshara, Talha iek, Adel Manna, Rochelle Davis, Seteney Shami, Beshara Doumani, Rashid Khalidi, Lisa Taraki, Sari Hanafi, Suad Amiry, Samera Esmeir, Ayhan Aktar, Selim Deringil, Michael Dumper, Maria Mavroudi, Dana Sajdi, and Ilham Khuri-Makdisi.

I am particularly indebted to Alex Winder, Issam Nassar, Penny Johnson, and Carol Khoury, my colleagues at the Jerusalem Quarterly in Jerusalem and Ramallah, where early versions of some of these chapters appeared, for their careful reading and critical feedback. Alex Baramki, who disagreed with almost everything I wrote, was particularly helpful in making me rethink the nature of Ottoman rule in Syria and Palestine.

Rashid Khalidi and the late Raja al-Issa, of blessed memory, provided me with copies of the papers and memoirs of Issa al-Issa. I was very fortunate to receive the Jaffa notebook of Adele Azar from her grandson, Dr. Efteem Azar, who was also very generous in reading the chapter on Azar and giving me corrective advice. Edgar Zarifeh provided me with valuable biographic material on the life of Alexandra Kassab Zarifeh in Jaffa.

Research for chapters 2 and 3 was supported by a grant from the Friends of the Institute for Palestine Studies, in the spring of 2012. I would like to thank rvin Schick, Edhem Eldem, Hasan Kayal, and Sibel Zandi-Sayek for their comments on Filistin Risalesi and the material on Ottoman ethnography, and Muhammad Safadi for his expert translations from the Ottoman Turkish. My gratitude goes also to Alex Baramki for guiding me through the mazes of the Library of Congress; to the Cartography Department of Cambridge University and the Mapping Department in the Library of Congress; and to Professor Erturul kten and Bahcesehir University in Istanbul for providing me with facsimiles of Ktip elebis maps of Anatolia and Syria. Mona Nsouli, Jeanette Saroufim, Mirna Itani, and the staff of the Institute for Palestine Studies archives in Beirut were invaluable in providing me with research material on World War I from their collection. Debbie Usher, archivist at the Middle East Center of St. Antonys College, University of Oxford, kindly helped me acquire copies of Khalil Raads photographs in the Alan Saunders collection.

The editors and staff of the University of California Press were invaluable in the preparation of the final draft for publication. I am particular thankful to Niels Hooper, Dore Brown, and Bradley Depew for their guidance and advice. Bonita Hurds masterful editorial interventions and suggestions were crucial in improving the readability of the book. Finally, but not least, I am grateful to the two anonymous reviewers of the manuscript. Their criticism and advice not only helped me avoid some embarrassing pitfalls but also opened up alternative interpretations of the material.