GEOPOLITICS IN THE 21ST CENTURY
For a quarter century since the fall of the Berlin Wall, the world has enjoyed an era of deepening global interdependence, characterized by the absence of the threat of great power war, spreading democracy, and declining levels of conflict and poverty. Now, much of that is at risk as the regional order in the Middle East unravels, the security architecture in Europe is again under threat, and great power tensions loom in Asia.
The Geopolitics in the 21st Century series, published under the auspices of the Order from Chaos project at Brookings, will analyze the major dynamics at play and offer ideas and strategies to guide critical countries and key leaders on how they should act to preserve and renovate the established international order to secure peace and prosperity for another generation.
DILEMMAS
OF A
TRADING NATION
JAPAN AND THE UNITED STATES IN THE EVOLVING ASIA-PACIFIC ORDER
MIREYA SOLS
Brookings Institution Press
Washington, D.C.
Copyright 2017
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Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication
Names: Sols, Mireya, author.
Title: Dilemmas of a trading nation : Japan and the United States in the evolving Asia-Pacific order / Mireya Solis.
Description: 1st edition. | Washington, D.C. : Brookings Institution Press, 2017. | Series: Geopolitics in the 21st century
Identifiers: LCCN 2017010291 (print) | LCCN 2017020798 (ebook) | ISBN 9780815729204 | ISBN 9780815729198 (paperback : alk. paper) | ISBN 9780815729204 (ebook)
Subjects: LCSH: JapanCommercial policy. | United StatesCommercial policy. | Trans-Pacific Partnership Agreement (2016 February 4) | BISAC: BUSINESS & ECONOMICS / International / Economics. | POLITICAL SCIENCE / Globalization. | POLITICAL SCIENCE / International Relations / Trade & Tariffs.
Classification: LCC HF3826.5 (ebook) | LCC HF3826.5 .S66 2019 (print) | DDC 382/.30952dc23
LC record available at https://lccn.loc.gov/2017010291
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Typeset in Sabon and Scala Sans
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For Natalia and Paola, always
Contents
Abbreviations
ACTA | Anti-Counterfeiting Trade Agreement |
ACTPN | Advisory Committee on Trade Policy Negotiations |
AFL-CIO | American Federation of Labor and Congress of Industrial Organizations |
APEC | Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation |
ASEAN | Association of Southeast Asian Nations |
BIT | bilateral investment treaty |
BRIC | Brazil, Russia, India, and China |
CEFP | Council on Economic and Fiscal Policy |
CGE | computable general equilibrium |
DPJ | Democratic Party of Japan |
EFTA | European Free Trade Association |
EU | European Union |
FACA | Federal Advisory Committee Act |
FDI | foreign direct investment |
FOIA | Freedom of Information Act |
FTA | free trade agreement |
GATS | General Agreement on Trade in Services |
GATT | General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade |
GDP | gross domestic product |
GVC | global value chain |
ICSID | International Centre for Settlement of Investment Disputes |
IMF | International Monetary Fund |
IP | intellectual property |
ISDS | investor-state dispute settlement |
ITAC | Industry Trade Advisory Committee |
ITC | International Trade Commission |
JA | Japan Agriculture |
JPI | Japan Post Insurance |
KORUS FTA | U.S.-Korea Free Trade Agreement |
LDP | Liberal Democratic Party |
MAFF | Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries (Japan) |
METI | Ministry of Economy, Trade and Industry (Japan) |
MFN | most favored nation |
MITI | Ministry of International Trade and Industry (Japan) |
MNC | multinational corporations |
MOF | Ministry of Finance (Japan) |
MOFAT | Ministry of Foreign Affairs and Trade (South Korea) |
MT | metric tons |
M&A | mergers and acquisitions |
NAFTA | North American Free Trade Agreement |
NGO | nongovernmental organization |
NPU | National Policy Unit |
NTM | nontariff measure |
OECD | Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development |
PARC | Policy Affairs Research Council |
PHP | Preferential Handling Procedure |
PITAC | Public Interest Trade Advisory Committee |
RCEP | Regional Comprehensive Economic Partnership |
RTAA | Reciprocal Trade Agreements Act |
R&D | research and development |
SMD | single member district |
SME | small and medium-size enterprise |
STR | Office of the Special Trade Representative |
TAA | Trade Adjustment Assistance |
TPA | trade promotion authority |
TPP | Trans-Pacific Partnership |
TTIP | Transatlantic Trade and Investment Partnership |
UN | United Nations |
USTR | Office of the United States Trade Representative |
WIPO | World Intellectual Property Organization |
WTO | World Trade Organization |
Acknowledgments
THIS IS A BOOK shaped by professional and personal transitions, and as such, it reflects a much deeper process of learning beyond its subject matter. It marked my departure from academiathe only professional environment I had known, having gone straight from graduate school to become junior faculty and eventually a tenured professor, until I joined the policy world of a think tank.
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