Environmental Governance in Europe and Asia
This book looks at environmental governance in both Asia and Europe and offers a comparative analysis of the two regions in order to provide a better understanding of the concept of environmental governance and its status in Europe and Asia. The book assesses the legislative, institutional and participatory mechanisms which affect the overall development of environmental governance, and analyses current issues, concerns and strategies in respect of environmental governance at the local, national and international levels. The rapid changes in economic, social and political life have had an enormous impact on Asias ecosystems and resources. Asian countries, in the name of economic development, are following the same environmentally destructive path their European counterparts followed in the past. The key to the environmental future of these two regions lies in the evolution of the character of governance the ensemble of social ethics, public policies and institutions which structure how state actors and civil society interact with the environment.
This book will be valuable to scholars and students of environmental law, environmental politics, EU and Asian studies, public policy, and to decision-makers and policy analysts.
Jona Razzaque is a barrister and an Associate Professor of Environmental Law at the University of the West of England (UWE, Bristol). She has researched widely on access to justice and participatory rights in environmental matters and her publications include Public Interest Environmental Litigation in India, Pakistan and Bangladesh (Kluwer, 2004), Globalisation and Natural Resources Law (Edward Elgar, 2011) and forthcoming Natural Resources and the Green Economy: Redefining the Challenges for People, States and Corporations (Brill, 2012).
Routledge Research in Environmental Law
Available titles in this series:
International Environmental Law and the Conservation of Coral Reefs
Edward J. Goodwin
Environmental Governance in Europe and Asia
A comparative study of institutional and legislative frameworks
Jona Razzaque
Environmental Governance in Europe and Asia
A comparative study of institutional and legislative frameworks
Jona Razzaque
First published 2013
by Routledge
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Simultaneously published in the USA and Canada
by Routledge
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Routledge is an imprint of the Taylor & Francis Group, an informa business
2013 Jona Razzaque
The right of Jona Razzaque to be identified as author of this work has been asserted by her in accordance with sections 77 and 78 of the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988.
All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reprinted or reproduced or utilised in any form or by any electronic, mechanical, or other means, now known or hereafter invented, including photocopying and recording, or in any information storage or retrieval system, without permission in writing from the publishers.
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British Library Cataloguing in Publication Data
A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library
Library of Congress Cataloguing in Publication Data
Razzaque, Jona.
Environmental governance in Europe and Asia : a comparative study of institutional and legislative frameworks / Jona Razzaque.
p. cm.
ISBN 978-0-415-49654-4 (hardback) ISBN 978-0-203-07860-0 (pbk.)
1. Environmental lawEurope. 2. Environmental lawAsia. 3. Environmental law, International. 4. Environmental policyEurope. 5. Environmental policyAsia. 6. Environmental managementEurope. 7. Environmental managementAsia. I. Title.
K3585.R39 2012
344.4046dc23
2012022100
ISBN 978-0-415-49654-4 (hbk)
ISBN 978-0-203-07860-0 (ebk)
Typeset in Garamond
by Cenveo Publisher Services
Contents
List of abbreviations
ADB | Asian Development Bank |
AFTA | ASEAN Free Trade Agreement |
APEC | Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation |
ASEAN | Association of South-East Asian Nations |
CBCRM | Community-based Coastal Resource Management |
CBD | Convention on Biological Diversity |
CDM | Clean Development Mechanism |
CITES | Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna & Flora |
CJEU | Court of Justice of the European Union |
EC | European Community |
ECE | Economic Commission for Europe (of the UN) |
ECHR | European Convention on Human Rights |
ECtHR | European Court of Human Rights |
ECOSOC | Economic and Social Council (of the UN) |
ECOWAS | Economic Community of West African States |
EEC | European Economic Community |
EIA | Environmental Impact Assessment |
ESCAP | Economic and Social Commission for Asia and the Pacific (of the UN) |
ET | Emissions Trading |
EU | European Union |
FAO | Food and Agriculture Organization (of the UN) |
FCCC | UN Framework Convention on Climate Change |
FLEG | Forest Law Enforcement and Governance |
FSC | Forest Stewardship Council |
G-77 | Group of 77 (developing countries) |
GA | General Assembly (of the UN) |
GATS | General Agreement on Trade in Services |
GATT | General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade |
GEF | Global Environment Facility |
GHG | Green House Gases |
GMO | Genetically Modified Organism |
GWD | Groundwater Directive (of the EU) |
HACCP | Hazard Analysis Critical Contact Point |
IACHR | Inter-American Convention on Human Rights |
ICJ | International Court of Justice |
ICSID | International Centre for the Settlement of Investment Disputes |
IEA | International Energy Agency |
IFC | International Finance Corporation |
ILA | International Law Association |
ILC | UN International Law Commission |
ILM | International Legal Materials |
ILO | International Labour Organization |
IMF | International Monetary Fund |
IPPC | Integrated Pollution Prevention and Control |
IUCN | International Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources |
IWRM | Integrated Water Resource Management |
MDG | Millennium Development Goals |
MEA | Multilateral Environmental Agreements |
MEA-REN | Multilateral Environmental Agreements Regional Enforcement Network |
MFN | Most Favoured Nations |
MIGA | Multilateral Investment Guarantee Agency |
MNC |