Post-Conflict Security in South Sudan
Post-Conflict Security in South Sudan
From Liberal Peacebuilding to Demilitarization
Nyambura Wambugu
I.B. TAURIS
Bloomsbury Publishing Plc
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First published in Great Britain 2019
Copyright Nyambura Wambugu, 2019
Nyambura Wambugu has asserted her right under the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act, 1988, to be identified as the Author of this work.
For legal purposes the constitute an extension of this copyright page.
Cover design: Rob Pinney
Cover image: A Sudan Peoples Liberation Army (SPLA) government soldier walks towards the town of Malakal on 20 March 2014. ( AFP / Stringer)
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ISBN: 978-1-7845-3694-7
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For Daniel Julius Kimani Nduati 19682014
Contents
Figures
Tables
Maps
This book is the work of a long process, one that began even before I did my undergraduate studies, after first coming into contact with South Sudan then Southern Sudan in 2002. Nevertheless, it would not have come to fruition without the support and assistance of many people in South Sudan and the UK.
I am eternally indebted to the Catholic Diocese of Torit for opening up the interiors of South Sudan to me. This book would have been impossible to complete without that support. To the Sudd Institute your support and friendship has seen me this far. I am also grateful for the advice and guidance of Professor Edward Newman and Dr Alexander Beresford, without whom I doubt I would have completed this book.
To my family and friends, I dont even know where to begin. To friends, especially Abraham Awolich and Dr Henry Kippin, your friendship is invaluable. To my family, especially Iddah, Wakinas, Muriithi, Mwangi and Dan I love you and thank God every day for you.
Finally, I would like to thank my parents, Wambugu Muriithi and Wanjiru Wambugu. When I think of the sacrifices you made to put me through school, the journey from Eastleigh to this point has been a long one. I cant find words strong enough to express how I feel, so all Ill say is, thank you.
ANC | African National Congress |
ARCRSS | Agreement on the Resolution of the Conflict in the Republic of South Sudan |
AU | African Union |
BCSSAC | Bureau For Community Security and Small Arms Control |
BICC | Bonn International Centre for Conversion |
CAAFG | Children Associated With Armed Forces Groups |
CANS | Civil Authority of New Sudan |
CDOT | Catholic Diocese of Torit |
CEO | Chief Operation Officer |
COGS | Chief of General Staff |
CoS | Council of State |
CPA | Comprehensive Peace Agreement |
DAC | Development Assistance Committee |
DCOGS | Deputy Chief of General Staff |
DDR | Disarmament Demobilisation and Reintegration |
DFID | Department for International Development |
DIGP | Deputy Inspector General of Police |
DOT | Diocese of Torit (Catholic) |
DPKO | Department of Peacekeeping Operations |
DRC | Democratic Republic of Congo |
EAPCCO | Eastern Africa Police Chiefs Cooperation Organisation |
ECOWAS | Economic Community Of West African States |
EES | Eastern Equatoria State |
FAO | Food and Agriculture Organisation |
FGD | Focus Group Discussions |
GDP | Gross Domestic Product |
GIZ | German Organisation for Technical Cooperation (formerly GTZ) |
GNI | Gross National Income |
GOS | Government of Sudan |
GOSS | Government of South Sudan |
HAC | Humanitarian Aid Commission |
HDI | Human Development Index |
HSBA | Human Security Baseline Assessment (For Sudan) |
ICGLR | International Conference on the Great Lakes Region |
IDDRP | Interim Disarmament, Demobilisation and Reintegration Programme |
IDDRS | Integrated Disarmament, Demobilisation and Reintegration Standards |
IGAD | Intergovernmental Authority on Development |
IGP | Inspector General of Police |
INGO | International Non-Governmental Organisation |
IR | International Relations |
IRI | International Republican Institute |
JEM | Justice and Equality Movement |
JIU | Joint Integrated Unit |
JMEC | Joint Monitoring and Evaluation Commission |
JOC | Joint Operation Centres |
KPA | Khartoum Peace Agreement |
LRA | Lords Resistance Army |
NCP | National Congress Party |
NDDRC | National Disarmament Demobilisation and Reintegration Commission |
NDFSS | National Defence Forces of South Sudan |
NDI | National Democratic Institute |
NEC | National Elections Commission |
NIF | National Islamic Front |
NISS | National Intelligence and Security Service |
NLA | National Legislative Assembly |
NLC | National Liberation Council |
OECD | Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development |
PKSOI | Peacekeeping and Stability Operations Institute |
RSS | Republic of South Sudan |
RUF | Revolutionary United Front |
SAF | Sudan Armed Forces |
SLA-AW | Sudan Liberation Army Abdul Wahid |
SLA-MM | Sudan Liberation Army Minni Minawi |
SNG | Special Needs Group |
SPLA | Sudan Peoples Liberation Army |
SPLM | Sudan Peoples Liberation Movement |
SPLM/A | Sudan Peoples Liberation Movement/Army |
SPLM-N | Sudan Peoples Liberation Movement-North |