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Robert W. White - Ruairí Ó Brádaigh: The Life and Politics of an Irish Revolutionary

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Robert W. White Ruairí Ó Brádaigh: The Life and Politics of an Irish Revolutionary
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In a very real sense, Ruair Brdaigh can . . . be said to be the last, or one of the last Irish Republicans. Studies of the Provisional movement to date have invariably focused more on the Northerners and the role of people like Gerry Adams and Martin McGuinness. But an understanding of them is not possible without appreciating where they came from and from what tradition they have broken. Ruair Brdaigh is that tradition and that is why this account of his life and politics is so important. --from the foreword by Ed Moloney, author of A Secret History of the IRA At his death in 2013, Ruair Brdaigh remained a divisive and influential figure in Irish politics and the Irish Republican movement. He was the first person to serve as chief of staff of the Irish Republican Army, as president of the political party Sinn Fin, and to have been elected, as an abstentionist, to the Dublin parliament. He was a prominent, uncompromising, and articulate spokesperson of those Irish Republicans who questioned the peace process in Northern Ireland. His concern was rooted in his analysis of Irish history and his belief that the peace process would not achieve peace. He believed that it would support the continued partition of Ireland and result in continued, inevitable, conflict. The child of Irish Republican veterans, Brdaigh led IRA raids, was arrested and interned, escaped and lived on the run, and even spent a period of time on a hunger strike. Because he was an effective spokesman for the Irish Republican cause, he was at different times excluded from Northern Ireland, Britain, the United States, and Canada. He was also a key figure in the secret negotiation of a bilateral IRA-British truce in the mid-1970s. In a brief afterword for this new edition, author Robert W. White addresses Brdaighs continuing influence on the Irish Republican Movement, including the ongoing dissident campaign. Whether for good or bad, this ongoing dissident activity is a part of Ruair Brdaighs enduring legacy.

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Ruair Brdaigh

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Ruair Brdaigh

THE LIFE AND POLITICS OF AN IRISH REVOLUTIONARY

Picture 2

ROBERT W. WHITE

FOREWORD BY ED MOLONEY

Indiana
University
Press

This book is a publication of

Indiana University Press

Office of Scholarly Publishing

Herman B Wells Library 350

1320 East 10th Street

Bloomington, Indiana 47405 USA

iupress.indiana.edu

First paperback edition 2020
2006 by Robert W. White

All rights reserved

No part of this book may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and recording, or by any information storage and retrieval system, without permission in writing from the publisher. The paper used in this publication meets the minimum requirements of the American National Standard for Information SciencesPermanence of Paper for Printed Library Materials, ANSI Z39.48-1992.

Manufactured in the United States of America

Cataloging information is available from the Library of Congress.

ISBN 978-0-253-34708-4 (hardback)

ISBN 978-0-253-04829-5 (paperback)

ISBN 978-0-253-04832-5 (ebook)

1 2 3 4 5 25 24 23 22 21 20

In memory of my mother,
Margaret Mary Hanrahan White,
and my father,
Howard Christy White

CONTENTS

PREFACE TO THE PAPERBACK EDITION

T O BEGIN , I want to thank Jennika Baines and Indiana University Press for going forward with a paperback edition of Ruair Brdaigh: The Life and Politics of an Irish Revolutionary . A decade after he stepped down as president of Republican Sinn Fin and more than five years after he passed away, Ruair Brdaigh and his politics remain important for anyone seeking to understand the Irish Republican Movement since the mid-1950s. It is impossible to fully appreciate where Provisional Sinn Fin is today without understanding where they were at the beginning, and Ruair Brdaigh was there at the beginning. Starting with the split in 1986 and lasting for more than twenty-five years, he was the key person involved in laying the ideological and organizational foundation for the many different contemporary Republicans who reject the path taken by the Provisionalsthe Dissidents.

Contrary to what some reviewers have suggested, this was never an official or authorized biography. As noted in the acknowledgments and elsewhere, in interviews, conversations, and correspondence, Ruair Brdaigh provided facts and opinions and then let me form my own conclusions. He offered no objection when it became clear that my conclusions would be informed by the perspectives of a variety of people, including his political opponents. His approach to the project and to life in general was shaped by the strength of his own convictions, a willingness to listen to others, and an open-minded, unassuming self-assuredness that is sadly lacking in most political figures, in Ireland and elsewhere.

I again thank the many different people who helped with this biography. In addition, special thanks go to Lta N Chathmhaoil, Des Dalton, Marisa McGlinchey, Anthony McIntyre, Dieter Reinisch, and Cit Trainor for comments and suggestions, and for taking the time to answer my many different questions. Finally, I want to thank Ted Polley of the IUPUI University Library for help with tracking down the quotation from Voltaire.

RWW

Indianapolis

October 2019

A CHRONOLOGY OF KEY EVENTS IN THE LIFE OF RUAIR BRDAIGH (RB)

1890

Birth of his father, Matt Brady, North County Longford.

1899

Birth of his mother, May Caffrey, Belfast.

19141918

World War I.

1916

Easter Rebellion.

1919

Anglo-Irish War; Dil ireann formed. Matt Brady, Irish Republican Volunteer, shot; recuperates in Dublin.

1920

Government of Ireland Act partitions Ireland.

1922

Anglo-Irish Treaty ratified; Irish Civil War starts. Matt Brady returns to Longford and meets May Caffrey, who becomes secretary of the Longford County Board of Health.

1923

Irish Civil War ends, cementing partition of Ireland into Northern Ireland and the Irish Free State. The IRA and Sinn Fin refuse to recognize the authority of each.

1926

Sinn Fin splits; amon de Valera forms Fianna Fil. Marriage of Matt Brady and May Caffrey.

1927

amon de Valera and Fianna Fil recognize Leinster House, site of the Free State government.

1929

Birth of his sister, Mary (May g) Brady.

1932

amon de Valera and Fianna Fil form coalition government of Irish Free State. Birth of Rory Brady, Longford, Ireland.

1934

Matt Brady and Sen F. Lynch elected to Longford County Council.

1937

Birth of his brother, Sen Brady.

1938

Delegation of powers of government from the Second Dil ireann to the Army Council of the Irish Republican Army.

19391945

IRA campaign in England and Northern Ireland. Fianna Fil represses Irish Republicans.

1942

Death of Matt Brady.

1944

May Brady marries Patrick Twohig.

19461950

RB attends St. Mels of Longford.

1946

Sean Mac Bride, former IRA chief of staff, forms Clann na Poblachta, which recognizes Leinster House. Mac Bride had resigned from the Republican Movement in 1938.

1950

RB enrolls at University College Dublin. Joins Sinn Fein. Changes name to Ruair Brdaigh.

1951

Joins Irish Republican Army in Dublin.

1955

Leads IRA Arborfield raid. Elected to IRA Executive Council.

1956

Joins Ard Chomhairle of Sinn Fein. Elected to the IRA Army Council.

19561962

Elected to Leinster House, interned in the Curragh, escapes, and becomes IRA chief of staff. Marries Patsy OConnor and is chief of staff when the campaign ends.

19621969

Member IRA Army Council.

19691970

Sinn Fin and IRA split into Officials and Provisionals over recognition of Leinster House, Stormont, and Westminster. RB becomes president of Provisional Sinn Fein. Reported a founding member of the Provisional IRA.

1972

RB and Daithi OConnell develop Sinn Feins federalism policy, often referred to as Eire Nua. RB is arrested (in May) and is on hunger strike until his release fifteen days later. First British-IRA truce. Arrested again (in December).

1973

RB is sentenced to six months imprisonment on the opinion of a senior police officer that he is a member of the IRA.

1974

RB is excluded from the United States. Birmingham bombs lead to Feakle talks.

1975

Second British-IRA truce. RB is one of three Irish Republicans who meet with British representatives.

1976

RB is excluded from Great Britain and Northern Ireland. IRA prisoners go on the blanket.

1979

RB supports Sinn Fin contesting first election to European Parliament but is outvoted on the Ard Chomhairle. Margaret Thatcher becomes prime minister.

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