Ruair Brdaigh
Ruair Brdaigh
THE LIFE AND POLITICS OF AN IRISH REVOLUTIONARY
ROBERT W. WHITE
FOREWORD BY ED MOLONEY
Indiana
University
Press
This book is a publication of
Indiana University Press
Office of Scholarly Publishing
Herman B Wells Library 350
1320 East 10th Street
Bloomington, Indiana 47405 USA
iupress.indiana.edu
First paperback edition 2020
2006 by Robert W. White
All rights reserved
No part of this book may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and recording, or by any information storage and retrieval system, without permission in writing from the publisher. The paper used in this publication meets the minimum requirements of the American National Standard for Information SciencesPermanence of Paper for Printed Library Materials, ANSI Z39.48-1992.
Manufactured in the United States of America
Cataloging information is available from the Library of Congress.
ISBN 978-0-253-34708-4 (hardback)
ISBN 978-0-253-04829-5 (paperback)
ISBN 978-0-253-04832-5 (ebook)
1 2 3 4 5 25 24 23 22 21 20
In memory of my mother,
Margaret Mary Hanrahan White,
and my father,
Howard Christy White
CONTENTS
PREFACE TO THE PAPERBACK EDITION
T O BEGIN , I want to thank Jennika Baines and Indiana University Press for going forward with a paperback edition of Ruair Brdaigh: The Life and Politics of an Irish Revolutionary . A decade after he stepped down as president of Republican Sinn Fin and more than five years after he passed away, Ruair Brdaigh and his politics remain important for anyone seeking to understand the Irish Republican Movement since the mid-1950s. It is impossible to fully appreciate where Provisional Sinn Fin is today without understanding where they were at the beginning, and Ruair Brdaigh was there at the beginning. Starting with the split in 1986 and lasting for more than twenty-five years, he was the key person involved in laying the ideological and organizational foundation for the many different contemporary Republicans who reject the path taken by the Provisionalsthe Dissidents.
Contrary to what some reviewers have suggested, this was never an official or authorized biography. As noted in the acknowledgments and elsewhere, in interviews, conversations, and correspondence, Ruair Brdaigh provided facts and opinions and then let me form my own conclusions. He offered no objection when it became clear that my conclusions would be informed by the perspectives of a variety of people, including his political opponents. His approach to the project and to life in general was shaped by the strength of his own convictions, a willingness to listen to others, and an open-minded, unassuming self-assuredness that is sadly lacking in most political figures, in Ireland and elsewhere.
I again thank the many different people who helped with this biography. In addition, special thanks go to Lta N Chathmhaoil, Des Dalton, Marisa McGlinchey, Anthony McIntyre, Dieter Reinisch, and Cit Trainor for comments and suggestions, and for taking the time to answer my many different questions. Finally, I want to thank Ted Polley of the IUPUI University Library for help with tracking down the quotation from Voltaire.
RWW
Indianapolis
October 2019
A CHRONOLOGY OF KEY EVENTS IN THE LIFE OF RUAIR BRDAIGH (RB)
1890 | Birth of his father, Matt Brady, North County Longford. |
1899 | Birth of his mother, May Caffrey, Belfast. |
19141918 | World War I. |
1916 | Easter Rebellion. |
1919 | Anglo-Irish War; Dil ireann formed. Matt Brady, Irish Republican Volunteer, shot; recuperates in Dublin. |
1920 | Government of Ireland Act partitions Ireland. |
1922 | Anglo-Irish Treaty ratified; Irish Civil War starts. Matt Brady returns to Longford and meets May Caffrey, who becomes secretary of the Longford County Board of Health. |
1923 | Irish Civil War ends, cementing partition of Ireland into Northern Ireland and the Irish Free State. The IRA and Sinn Fin refuse to recognize the authority of each. |
1926 | Sinn Fin splits; amon de Valera forms Fianna Fil. Marriage of Matt Brady and May Caffrey. |
1927 | amon de Valera and Fianna Fil recognize Leinster House, site of the Free State government. |
1929 | Birth of his sister, Mary (May g) Brady. |
1932 | amon de Valera and Fianna Fil form coalition government of Irish Free State. Birth of Rory Brady, Longford, Ireland. |
1934 | Matt Brady and Sen F. Lynch elected to Longford County Council. |
1937 | Birth of his brother, Sen Brady. |
1938 | Delegation of powers of government from the Second Dil ireann to the Army Council of the Irish Republican Army. |
19391945 | IRA campaign in England and Northern Ireland. Fianna Fil represses Irish Republicans. |
1942 | Death of Matt Brady. |
1944 | May Brady marries Patrick Twohig. |
19461950 | RB attends St. Mels of Longford. |
1946 | Sean Mac Bride, former IRA chief of staff, forms Clann na Poblachta, which recognizes Leinster House. Mac Bride had resigned from the Republican Movement in 1938. |
1950 | RB enrolls at University College Dublin. Joins Sinn Fein. Changes name to Ruair Brdaigh. |
1951 | Joins Irish Republican Army in Dublin. |
1955 | Leads IRA Arborfield raid. Elected to IRA Executive Council. |
1956 | Joins Ard Chomhairle of Sinn Fein. Elected to the IRA Army Council. |
19561962 | Elected to Leinster House, interned in the Curragh, escapes, and becomes IRA chief of staff. Marries Patsy OConnor and is chief of staff when the campaign ends. |
19621969 | Member IRA Army Council. |
19691970 | Sinn Fin and IRA split into Officials and Provisionals over recognition of Leinster House, Stormont, and Westminster. RB becomes president of Provisional Sinn Fein. Reported a founding member of the Provisional IRA. |
1972 | RB and Daithi OConnell develop Sinn Feins federalism policy, often referred to as Eire Nua. RB is arrested (in May) and is on hunger strike until his release fifteen days later. First British-IRA truce. Arrested again (in December). |
1973 | RB is sentenced to six months imprisonment on the opinion of a senior police officer that he is a member of the IRA. |
1974 | RB is excluded from the United States. Birmingham bombs lead to Feakle talks. |
1975 | Second British-IRA truce. RB is one of three Irish Republicans who meet with British representatives. |
1976 | RB is excluded from Great Britain and Northern Ireland. IRA prisoners go on the blanket. |
1979 | RB supports Sinn Fin contesting first election to European Parliament but is outvoted on the Ard Chomhairle. Margaret Thatcher becomes prime minister. |
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