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- [1.1]
- [1.2]
- [1.3]
- [1.4]
- [1.5]
- [1.6] C++-FAQ-Lite != C++-FAQ-Book
The entire C++ FAQ Lite document is Copyright 1991-2000 Marshall P. Cline, Ph.D..
The entire C++ FAQ Lite document is Copyright 1991-2000 Marshall P. Cline, Ph.D.
If all you want to do is quote a small portion of C++ FAQ Lite (such as one or two FAQs) in a larger document, simply attribute the quoted portion with something vaguely similar to, "From Marshall Cline's C++ FAQ Lite document, www.parashift.com/c++-faq-lite/".
If you want to make a copy of large portions and/or the entire C++ FAQ Lite document for your own personal use, you may do so without restriction (provided, of course, that you don't redistribute the document to others, or allow others to copy the document).
If you want to redistribute large portions and/or the entire C++ FAQ Lite document to others, whether or not for commercial use, you must get permission from the author first (and that permission is normally granted; note however that it's often easier for you to simply tell your recipients about the one-click download option). In any event, all copies you make must retain verbatim and display conspicuously all the following: all copyright notices, the Author section, the Copyright Notice section, the No Warranty section, the C++-FAQ-Lite != C++-FAQ-Book section, and the Copy Permissions section.
If you want more and/or different privileges than are outlined here, please contact me, . I'm a very reasonable man...
C++ FAQ LiteFAQ"From Marshall Cline's C++ FAQ Lite document, www.parashift.com/c++-faq-lite/"
/C++ FAQ Lite
/C++ FAQ LiteC++-FAQ-Lite != C++-FAQ-Book
/
THIS WORK IS PROVIDED ON AN "AS IS" BASIS. THE AUTHOR PROVIDES NO WARRANTY WHATSOEVER, EITHER EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, REGARDING THE WORK, INCLUDING WARRANTIES WITH RESPECT TO ITS MERCHANTABILITY OR FITNESS FOR ANY PARTICULAR PURPOSE.
- Java is a trademark of Sun Microsystems, Inc. in the United States and other countries.
- All other trademarks are the property of their respective owners.
C++ FAQ LiteC++ FAQ Book C++ FAQClineLomowand GirouAddison-Wesley 500%[3]
- [12.1]
- [12.2]
- [12.3]
#include "Fred.hpp" // Fred void userCode(Fred& x) { x = x; // }#include "Fred.hpp" // Fred void userCode(Fred& x, Fred& y) { x = y; // &x == &y } int main() { Fred z; userCode(z, z); }bug
class Wilma { }; class Fred { public: Fred() : p_(new Wilma()) { } Fred(const Fred& f) : p_(new Wilma(*f.p_)) { } ~Fred() { delete p_; } Fred& operator= (const Fred& f) { // delete p_; // Line #1 p_ = new Wilma(*f.p_); // Line #2 return *this; } private: Wilma* p_; };Fred*thisf line #1this->p_f.p_ line #2*f.p_
FredFred
Fred::operator= (const Fred&)new Wilma(*f.p_)Wilmathis->p_
Fred& Fred::operator= (const Fred& f) { if (this == &f) return *this; // // ... return *this; }FAQnewWilma
Fred& Fred::operator= (const Fred& f) { // Wilma* tmp = new Wilma(*f.p_); // delete p_; p_ = tmp; return *this; }if (this == &f) return *this;Fredif() if99.9%
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operator==char[] - [13.7]
operator** - [13.8]
Matrix - [13.9]
Matrix - [13.10]
C/C++
class Fred { public: // ... }; #if 0 // Fred add(Fred, Fred); Fred mul(Fred, Fred); Fred f(Fred a, Fred b, Fred c) { return add(add(mul(a,b), mul(b,c)), mul(c,a)); // ... } #else // Fred operator+ (Fred, Fred); Fred operator* (Fred, Fred); Fred f(Fred a, Fred b, Fred c) { return a*b + b*c + c*a; } #endifmyString + yourStringstd::stringmyDate++Datea * bNumbera[i]Arrayx = *p"smart pointer"px
class Array { public: int& operator[] (unsigned i); // // ... }; inline int& Array::operator[] (unsigned i) // { // ... }operator
int main() { Array a; a[3] = 4; // ... }:
C .? :sizeofC++::.*
class Array { public: int& elem(unsigned i) { if (i > 99) error(); return data[i]; } private: int data[100]; }; int main() { Array a; a.elem(10) = 42; a.elem(12) += a.elem(13); }class Array { public: int& operator[] (unsigned i) { if (i > 99) error(); return data[i]; } private: int data[100]; }; int main() { Array a; a[10] = 42; a[12] += a[13]; }operator==char[]C++ std::string
operator**C++operator**
x ** yx * (*y)ypow(base,exponent)
operator^
Matrixoperator()operator[]
,operator()operator[]operator[]operator()
class Matrix { public: Matrix(unsigned rows, unsigned cols); double& operator() (unsigned row, unsigned col); double operator() (unsigned row, unsigned col) const; _// ..._ ~Matrix(); // Matrix(const Matrix& m); // Matrix& operator= (const Matrix& m); // // ... private: unsigned rows_, cols_; double* data_; }; inline Matrix::Matrix(unsigned rows, unsigned cols) : rows_ (rows), cols_ (cols), data_ (new double[rows * cols]) { if (rows == 0 || cols == 0) throw BadIndex("Matrix constructor has 0 size"); } inline Matrix::~Matrix() { delete[] data_; } inline double& Matrix::operator() (unsigned row, unsigned col) { if (row >= rows_ || col >= cols_) throw BadIndex("Matrix subscript out of bounds"); return data_[cols_*row + col]; } inline double Matrix::operator() (unsigned row, unsigned col) const { if (row >= rows_ || col >= cols_) throw BadIndex("const Matrix subscript out of bounds"); return data_[cols_*row + col]; }m(i,j)Matrixmm[i][j]
int main() { Matrix m(10,10); m(5,8) = 106.15; std::cout << m(5,8); // ... }MatrixFAQ Matrix Arrayoperator]Arrayoperator[] Matrixdoublem[i][j] [m(i,j)
operator()[][]operator()[][]
[][]operator()
operator()[][]
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