Jacob Dahl Rendtorff - Philosophy of Management and Sustainability

Our time is the time of globalization. Today globalization has become a concept that concerns the universalization of languages and cultures in a world that is emerging as One World (Rendtorff, 2017). Yet, in the beginning, the concept of globalization has been an economic concept (Brown & Held, 2010). It was a concept that in the economic and social debate posed a challenge to the traditional concepts of the economy. In the current situation, the idea of globalization marks the break with a paradigm of the national state and with all its institutions as well as globalization represents the emergence of an international and cosmopolitan system that goes beyond the state system. There are even economists who think that this rupture implies the emergence of a new paradigm of the international economy where we must describe the global interaction rather than the system of the national state. We can say that we should propose a political and economic science that is truly cosmopolitan. In addition, it is up to us to define the content of this new cosmopolitan science of global ethics of sustainability in relation to ethics and international justice (Held, 1995a, 1995b).

Although we started with a narrow state system and an international economy after the Second World War with an economy without many multinational companies, we are now in the situation of a global economy where the market economy with the end of the cold war has become truly international. This is why we need a new theory of international relations, which also raises the problem of sustainability as a problem of ethics and justice at the international level.

In the same way, globalization also poses a challenge to developing economies, being both a threat and a possibility for these countries and cultures. When talking about the countries of the Middle East and Africa and in the area of globalization, it would also be necessary to go beyond the paradigm of the national state. It is necessary to think of the Middle East and Africa in the process of integration in a cosmopolitan system, that is to say, a search for a sustainable Cosmopolis where all cultures meet in a specific country. One aspect of this globalization is the critical relation to companies that can operate anywhere in the world (Rendtorff, 2009). It is globalization with the fatal consequences for the happy life of people in local cultures and countries. One can speak of the accumulation of the circulation of goods and capital, which implies the intensification of poverty in developing countries in the Middle East and Africa.

So, it is a challenge for a philosophy of global globalization to think of justice for the cosmopolitan society that goes beyond the level of the national state (Beck, 2001). In this situation of the globalization of the economy with its potential consequences of the worsening inequality in the world we could say that we are looking for a democracy and publicity at the global level that can take into account the possibilities and limits of economic globalization in relation to political and democratic stability.

It is the political philosophys duty to think of this other globalization, not only as a utopia for the world, but also as a realistic and current alternative vision for international society. The dream of another globalization is expressed in the search for international and civil governance structures that can give meaning to globalization and help to manage the free flow of goods and capital. But, it is above all a problem of security and political stability. We need a vision of democratic integration of countries and cultures into the international system. This is the vision not of exclusion, but of the respectful integration of the Middle East and Africa into the processes of globalization that goes beyond military and war conflicts and political instability.

We want to take an attempt to make a critique of globalization from the dream of another globalization that goes beyond poverty and international economic inequality, described by the French economist Thomas Piketty (Piketty, 2014). Based on this problem, this chapter will present a vision of another globalization by discussing globalization in relation to the democratization of national and international governance. It is about proposing a project of philosophy of globalization that is moving toward a cosmopolitan ethical vision of international justice of relations between countries and regions of the world.