Miriam Jiménez - Inventive Politicians and Ethnic Ascent in American Politics: The Uphill Elections of Italians and Mexicans to the U.S. Congress

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In Inventive Politicians and Ethnic Ascent in American Politics: The Uphill Elections of Italians and Mexicans to the U.S. Congress , Miriam Jimnez offers a series of rich, detailed case studies of the election of several of the first Italian Americans and Mexican Americans to Congress. In the process, she develops a model of ethnic political organization and political influence that speaks broadly to the process of ethnic political incorporation in the United States. Jimnezs study carefully assesses not just the ethnic candidates who sought election to Congress and how they positioned themselves among co-ethnics, but also the critical role of changing political environments and institutional relationships necessary to ensure their election to office. This book adds to our understanding of the likely future electoral influence of todays immigrant-ethnic populations.

Louis DeSipio, University of California, Irvine

Miriam Jimnezs innovative micro-political approach in this book yields new insights that turn some of the axioms of common wisdom on their head. As a result, the book breathes freshness into a comparison between Italians and Mexicans that has become a bit stale in the hands of others.

Richard Alba, The Graduate Center, CUNY

Inventive Politicians and Ethnic Ascent in American Politics

This innovative book investigates the process through which ethnic minorities penetrate the higher echelons of political powerspecifically, how they succeed in getting elected to the U.S. Congress. Analysts today see ethnic politicians largely in relation to their collectivities, but by actually studying what ethnic minority politicians do and the issues they have faced, Jimnezs book offers an original perspective of analysis.

Jimnez utilizes a groundbreaking comparative data set of elected members of Congress organized upon the basis of national origin, the first available. Using the cases of Mexican Americans and Italian Americans, Jimnez analyzes and compares the different ways that these ethnic politicians have been elected to the national legislature from the beginning of the twentieth century until the present. Her study examines Italian American and Mexican American politicians actions and interactions with local political parties, identifies various layers of political power that have influenced their successes and failures, and uncovers the strategies used. Jimnez argues that the politically active segment of an ethnic group matters in the process of political incorporation of a group. She also asserts that regular access of ethnic groups into upper levels of political office and the full acceptance of new ethnic players only occurs as a consequence of an institutional change.

Jimnezs pioneering documentation and analysis of the strategies of ethnic minority politicians and the ways that political institutions have influenced these politicians is significant to scholars of political incorporation, race and ethnicity, and congressional elections. Her book demonstrates the need to reconsider several standard ideas of how minority representation occurs and deepens our understanding of the role that political institutions play in that process.

Miriam Jimnez is currently a visiting assistant professor at the State University of New York at Oswego. Her research focuses on political incorporation and ethnic ascent in the context of American electoral frameworks and institutions such as the U.S. Congress. She is an eager proponent of cross-field and interdisciplinary perspectives. Her research interests include American politics, immigration, and transnationalism.

Routledge Research in American Politics and Governance

1 Lobbying the New President

Interests in Transition

Heath Brown

2 Religion, Race, and Barack Obamas New Democratic Pluralism

Gastn Espinosa

3 Direct Democracy in the United States

Petitioners as a Reflection of Society

Edited by Shauna Reilly and Ryan M. Yonk

4 American Exceptionalism in the Age of Obama

Stephen Brooks

5 An Empire of Ideals

The Chimeric Imagination of Ronald Reagan

Justin D. Garrison

6 Resisting Injustice and the Feminist Ethics of Care in the Age of Obama

Suddenly,... All the Truth Was Coming Out

David A.J. Richards

7 Interfaith Advocacy

The Role of Religious Coalitions in the Political Process

Katherine E. Knutson

8 Social Contract Theory in American Jurisprudence

Too Much Liberty and Too Much Authority

Thomas R. Pope

9 Voting and Migration Patterns in the U.S.

George Hawley

10 Democracy, Intelligent Design, and Evolution

Science for Citizenship

Susan P. Liebell

11 Inventive Politicians and Ethnic Ascent in American Politics

The Uphill Elections of Italians and Mexicans to the U.S. Congress

Miriam Jimnez

12 Competitive Elections and Democracy in America

The Good, the Bad, and the Ugly

Heather K. Evans

Inventive Politicians and Ethnic Ascent in American Politics

The Uphill Elections of Italians and Mexicans to the U.S. Congress

Miriam Jimnez

First published 2014

by Routledge
711 Third Avenue, New York, NY 10017

and by Routledge
2 Park Square, Milton Park, Abingdon, Oxon OX14 4RN

Routledge is an imprint of the Taylor & Francis Group, an informa business

2014 Taylor & Francis

The right of Miriam Jimnez to be identified as author of this work has been asserted by her in accordance with sections 77 and 78 of the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988.

All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reprinted or reproduced or utilized in any form or by any electronic, mechanical, or other means, now known or hereafter invented, including photocopying and recording, or in any information storage or retrieval system, without permission in writing from the publishers.

Trademark Notice: Product or corporate names may be trademarks or registered trademarks, and are used only for identification and explanation without intent to infringe.

Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
Jimnez, Miriam.
Inventive politicians and ethnic ascent in American politics: the uphill elections of Italians and Mexicans to the U.S. Congress / Miriam Jimnez.
pages cm. (Routledge research in american politics and governance)
1. MinoritiesPolitical activityUnited States. 2. Immigrants Political activityUnited States. 3. Italian AmericansPolitics and government. 4. Mexican AmericansPolitics and government. 5. PoliticiansUnited States. 6. United States. Congress. 7. United StatesPolitics and government. I. Title.
E184.A1J46 2013
320.973'089dc23
2013012389

ISBN: 978-0-415-81849-0 (hbk)

ISBN: 978-0-203-58121-6 (ebk)

Typeset in Sabon
by Apex CoVantage, LLC

To the loving memory of Ada Oralia Hernndez Senz and Jorge Jimnez Weil, my parents.

Contents

Figures

Tables

For some years, my academic interests were primarily concentrated on institutions and political development in the U.S. despite the fact that I was living in in New York, a city where the world meets. It was my participation in a major research project about children of immigrants what made me reflect more seriously about the multiple layers of power that influence the lives of immigrants. Since then, I study not only institutions, but also the relationship that people have with and within them.

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