GENERATIONS OF SETTLERS
Dellplain Latin American Studies
- No. 8* Studies in Spanish American Population History , edited by David J. Robinson
- No. 9* The People of the Coica Valley: A Population Study, Noble David Cook
- No. 10* Tierra Adentro: Settlement and Society in Colonial Durango, Michael M. Swann
- No. 11* Andean Reflections: Letters from Carl 0. Sauer While on a South American Trip Under a Grant from the Rockefeller Foundation, 1942, Edited by Robert C. West
- No. 12* Credit and Socioeconomic Change in Colonial Mexico: Loans and Mortgages in Guadalajara, 1720 -1820, Linda Greenow
- No.13* Once Beneath the Forest: Prehistoric Terracing in the Rio Bee Region of the Maya Lowlands, B. L. Turner, II
- No. 14* Marriage and Fertility in Chile: Demographic Turning Points in the etorca Valley, 1840 -1976, Robert McCaa
- No. 15* The Spatial Organization of New Land Settlement in Latin America, Jacob O. Maos
- No. 16* The Anglo-Argentine Connection, 1900 - 1939, Roger Gravil
- No. 17 Costa Rica: A Geographical Interpretation in Historical Perspective, Carolyn Hall
- No. 18 Household Economy and Urban Development: So Paulo, 1765 -1836, Elizabeth Anne Kuznesof
- No. 19 Irrigation in the Bajo Region of Colonial Mexico, Michael E. Murphy
- No. 20 The Cost of Conquest: Indian Decline in Honduras Under Spanish Rule, Linda Newson
- No. 21 Petty Capitalism in Spanish America: The Pulperos of Puebla, Mexico City, Caracas, and Buenos Aires, Jay Kinsbruner
- No. 22 British Merchants and Chilean Development, 1851-1886, John Mayo
- No. 23 Hispanic Lands and Peoples: Selected Writings of James J. Parsons, edited by William M. Denevan
- No. 24 Migrants in the Mexican North: Mobility, Economy, and Society in a Colonial World, Michael M. Swann
- No. 25 Puebla de los Angeles, Industry and Society in a Mexican City, 1700-1850, Guy P. C. Thomson
* indicates a book in the series that is now out of print
Dellplain Latin American Studies
PUBLISHED IN COOPERATION WITH THE DEPARTMENT OF GEOGRAPHY SYRACUSE UNIVERSITY
Editor
David J. Robinson
Editorial Advisory Committee
John . Chance
Arizona State University
William M. Denevan
University of Wisconsin
John E. Kicza
Washington State University
Asuncin Lavrin
Howard University
W. George Lovell
Queen's University
Publication Design and Cartography
Marcia J. Harrington
Syracuse University
Generations of Settlers
Rural Households and Markets on the Costa Rican Frontier, 1850-1935
Mario Samper
Dellplain Latin American Studies, No. 26
First published 1990 by Westview Press, Inc.
Published 2018 by Routledge
52 Vanderbilt Avenue, New York, NY 10017
2 Park Square, Milton Park, Abingdon, Oxon OX14 4RN
Routledge is an imprint of the Taylor & Francis Group, an informa business
Copyright 1990 by the Department of Geography, Syracuse University
All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reprinted or reproduced or utilised in any form or by any electronic, mechanical, or other means, now known or hereafter invented, including photocopying and recording, or in any information storage or retrieval system, without permission in writing from the publishers.
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Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
Samper, Mario.
Generations of settlers : rural households and markets on the Costa Rican frontier, 1850-1935/Mario Samper.
p. cm.(Dellplain Latin American Studies; no. 26)
Includes bibliographical references and index.
ISBN 0-8133-8021-9
1. AgricultureEconomic aspectsCosta RicaCentral ValleyHistory. 2. Land use, RuralCosta RicaCentral ValleyHistory. 3. Land tenureCosta RicaCentral ValleyHistory. 4. Rural familiesCosta RicaCentral ValleyEconomic conditions. 5. PeasantryCosta RicaCentral ValleyHistory. I. Title. II. Series.
HD1805.C46S26 1990
338.1'097286'5dc20
90-45671
CIP
ISBN 13: 978-0-367-01569-5 (hbk)
To my family, in Costa Rica and Colombia,
To the elderly people from whom I learned so much about history and life.
In the course of several years mainly devoted to the preparation of this study, I acquired numerous intellectual and personal debts. The attempt to record each one has made me acutely aware of the fact that this is in many ways a collective effort, although I am, of course, solely responsible for the content and whatever shortcomings or misinterpretations there may be.
I should first thank professors Tulio Halpern, James Parsons and Richard Herr for their generous support. I must also express my deep gratitude to several Costa Rican and foreign colleagues whose stimulating criticism was invaluable, or who provided indispensable data and counsel: Victor Hugo Acua, Guillermo Carvajal, Jos Antonio Fernndez, Elizabeth Fonseca, Edwin Gonzlez, Lowell Gudmundson, Elizabeth Kuznesof, Hctor Prez, Arodys Robles, William Roseberry and Rosalba Salas, among others.
My wife Cecilia Villarreal spent long hours helping me enter data into the computer and allowing me to draft the manuscript, while pursuing her own professional career. Our children -Alexandra, Jimena and Daniel-made it sometimes difficult and always worthwhile.
Brunilda Hilje, Alba Camacho, Rosalba Salas and Mario Senz helped follow the paths of settlers through the national archives and the real estate registry. Anabelle Fonseca worked long days with me tracking down and interviewing their descendants, and Maria Isabel Padilla transcribed the often almost unintelligible tapes we had recorded. Damaris Gamboa and Giselle Cordero also cooperated in secretarial tasks. Gerardo Mora also worked late helping me process data from probate inventories. In the archives of the Ospina family, in Colombia, Constanza Toro completed the data collection which I began on one of my trips.
The History Department of the Universidad Nacional provided constant support for my research activities during these years, and a framework for discussion of preliminary results. The Centro de Investigaciones Histricas at Universidad de Costa Rica, and especially my colleagues in the quantitative history program, also contributed significantly. The staff of the Archivo Nacional, Registro de la Propiedad, Registro Civil and local parishes was extremely helpful. Those in charge of the historical archives in Medellin, the Fundacin Antioquea de Estudios Sociales, and the public notaries and parish offices in southwestern Antioquia allowed me to obtain valuable information. I received an Inter-American Foundation research fellowship for part of my fieldwork in Costa Rica and Colombia, as well as a Fulbright scholarship for graduate studies at the University of California. None of these institutions is responsible for the content of this book.
The people who shared their personal knowledge of history with me through interviews were essential to this research project, and I sincerely hope they find their lives reflected here, to a certain extent, and in the appropriate manner.
Mario Samper
Chapter 1
Introduction