REVOLUTION
Volume 10
EUROPE IN 1830
EUROPE IN 1830 Revolution and Political Change
CLIVE H. CHURCH
First published in 1983 by George Allen & Unwin (Publishers) Ltd
This edition first published in 2022
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1983 Clive H. Church
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A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library
ISBN: 978-1-032-12623-4 (Set)
ISBN: 978-1-003-26095-0 (Set) (ebk)
ISBN: 978-1-032-13089-7 (Volume 10) (hbk)
ISBN: 978-1-032-13090-3 (Volume 10) (pbk)
ISBN: 978-1-003-22761-8 (Volume 10) (ebk)
DOI: 10.4324/9781003248101
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Europe in 1830 Revolution and Political Change
CLIVE H. CHURCH
Senior Lecturer in European Studies University of Kent at Canterbury
Clive H. Church, 1983.
This book is copyright under the Berne Convention. No reproduction without permission. All rights reserved.
George Allen & Unwin (Publishers) Ltd,
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George Allen & Unwin (Publishers) Ltd,
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First published in 1983.
British Library Cataloguing in Publication Data
Church, Clive H.
Europe in 1830.
1. RevolutionsEuropeHistory 1830-1848
I. Title
940.283 D385
ISBN 0049400673
Library of Congress Cataloging in Publication Data
Church, Clive H.
Europe in 1830.
Bibliography: p.
Includes index.
1. EuropePolitics and government1815-1848.
I. Title.
D385.C43 1983 940.282 83-11917
ISBN 0049400673
Set in 10 on 11 point Plantin by V & M Graphics Ltd, Aylesbury, Bucks and printed in Great Britain by Billing and Sons Ltd, London and Worcester
For Hilary and Joanna, and not forgetting Penny, who all lived through the revolutions in their various ways, in the hope that they may find this a convincing explanation of what it was all about
All these were caught in the net of the Doom of the Noldor; and they did great deeds which the Eldar remember still among the histories of the Kings of old.
J. R. R. Tolkien, The Silmarillion, p. 148
Contents
List of Maps
2 Causes: Preconditions and Prcipitants
3 The July Days and the Triggers of Revolution
4 A Birds-Eye View of Revolution
5 The Swiss Confederation: The Regeneration of Cantonal Democracy
6 France: Political Calculation and Social Protest
7 Belgium: The Revolutionary Creation of a Nation
8 Northern Europe: Adaptation inside Constitutional Monarchies
9 Poland: A Limited War of Liberation
10 The Southern and Eastern Peripheries: The Limits to Pressure from Without
11 Central Italy: Responses to Maladministration
12 The Dynamics of Change
13 Contenders for Power: Social Participation in the Events of 1830
14 The Revolutions and Their Effects
15 Conclusions: The Significance of 1830
Bibliographical Essay
Preface
Some books have very precise origins, but I am no longer wholly certain where this one had its beginnings. And, the more people ask, the more my uncertainty grows. Certainly, a period teaching nineteenth-century European history in Dublin made me aware that there was a large gap in historical knowledge where 1830 was concerned an awareness reinforced by the chance purchase there of the Symphonie funbre et triomphale by Berlioz. Then the persistent habit of the University of Lancaster Library of shelving Robert Demoulins La Rvolution de 1830 under French history made me aware that there was a Belgian dimension to 1830, not to mention that Europe cannot be understood as an enlargement of France. An abortive plan to edit Cobbetts lectures on 1830 in a projected edition of his collected works played some part, too, no doubt. But probably more important than all this was a personal foible the perverse appeal of something upon which historians have so consistently turned their backs. As R. G. Collingwood says in his Autobiography, Obscure provinces, like Roman Britain, always rather appeal to me. Their obscurity is a challenge; you have to invent new methods for studying them, and then you will probably find that the cause of the obscurity is in some defect in the methods hitherto used.
Now, it may not be exactly true to say that methodology lies at the root of a century and a half of neglect, in which no full and comprehensive study of 1830 has apparently been written, unless, that is, professional and political obsessions with mononational history are really a methodological failing. Yet it is true that to try to remedy this neglect requires a pan-European approach. To this extent, the book also has roots in a developing interest in European Studies. However, such disregard can hardly be remedied by, or in, one volume. This book does not claim, therefore, to be more than a starting-point: a first survey in English of an obscure historical province, designed to present to students and teachers alike what has so far been revealed of the national contours, and attempting to place these in a wider context. It would, of course, have been nice to have had the book ready in time for the 150th anniversary of the events, but pressures of everyday academic life conspired against this. My consolation is that it has been at least twice as rapid in its gestation as my first book, on which it follows rather as Brahmss Second Symphony followed on his long-delayed First.
None the less, for such an introductory study it has incurred a vast number of debts over the years, partly because of the disparate nature of the subject itself. To begin with, I must thank my wife and daughters for their willingness to go where the revolution listed, whether the Continent or Canterbury even when this demanded, in my wifes case, dividing up the remaining clean clothes on the dockside or nursing ailing cars home.
