COMMUNITY AND FORESTRY
Social Behavior and Natural Resources Series
Donald R. Field, Series Editor
Community and Forestry: Continuities in the Sociology of Natural Resources, edited by Robert G. Lee, Donald R. Field, and William R. Burch, Jr.
Social Science in Natural Resource Management Systems, edited by Marc L. Miller, Richard P. Gale, and Perry J. Brown
Economic Valuation of Natural Resources: Issues, Theory, and Applications, edited by Rebecca L. Johnson and Gary V. Johnson
Social Science and Natural Resource Recreation Management, edited by Joanne Vining
Community and Forestry
Continuities in the Sociology of Natural Resources
Edited by
Robert G. Lee, Donald R. Field, and William R. Burch, Jr.
With a Foreword by
Cecil D. Andrus
First published 1990 by Westview Press, Inc.
Published 2018 by Routledge
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Copyright 1990 Taylor & Francis
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Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
Community and forestry : continuities in the sociology of natural resources / edited by Robert G. Lee, Donald R. Field, and William R. Burch, Jr.
p. cm. (Social behavior and natural resources series)
Includes index.
ISBN 0-8133-7837-0
1. Forestry and community. I. Lee, Robert G. II. Field, Donald R. III. Burch, William R., 1933- . IV. Series.
SD387.S55C66 1990
333.75dc20
89-14634
CIP
ISBN 13: 978-0-367-01339-4 (hbk)
Contents
Robert G. Lee, Donald R. Field, and William R. Burch, Jr.
Walter Firey
Harold F. Kaufman and Lois C. Kaufman
Samuel P. Hays
Johannes H. Drielsma, Joseph A. Miller, and William R. Burch, Jr.
Con H. Schallau
Robert G. Lee
Patricia Marchak
Andy Brunelle
Edward C. Weeks
Matthew S. Carroll and Robert G. Lee
Dale J. Blahna
Louise Fortmann and Paul Starrs
Hisayoshi Mitsuda
Robert M. Muth
Margaret A. Shannon
Debra J. Salazar
Gary E. Machlis and Jo Ellen Force
Robert G. Lee, William R. Burch, Jr., and Donald R. Field
Guide
The Social Behavior and Natural Resources Series is about human adaptation to natural resources and the constraints these resources place upon institutions and work and play in everyday life. Natural resources, after all, are products of society. The very definition of natural resources arises from the interaction of population, culture, and the biophysical environment.
Biological and physical scientists are providing us with a clearer picture of the nature of species and habitats and the requirements of systems to function under varying management regimes dedicated to conservation and preservation. Social scientists are providing complementary information about the human species, our habitat, and how social systems respond to a wide range of resource management policies.
The integration of social science with biological and physical science is the focus of this series. The present book is about the relationships of human communities to forest environments.
Resource management issues are human problems which can only be solved with social science knowledge in combination with knowledge from the other sciences. The utilization of these different types of knowledge within the resource management arena depends upon the establishment of a partnership between scientists and managers. Sound management requires agreement on what information is pertinent, how information should be collected, and how information should be employed in decision making.
Here the social sciences can help. Social scientists have a keen appreciation of the power, as well as the limitations, of science to resolve policy conflicts. This is important for understanding how managers filter the concerns of competing constituencies and their own professional cadre while managing the natural resources under their charge.
There are many applied science volumes in sociology, anthropology, and political science that deal with communities, but this volume is original in its exclusive attention to forest-dependent communities. Community and Forestry: Continuities in the Sociology of Natural Resources represents the beginning of a new branch of an old intellectual tradition in applied social science.
With only the two exceptions of serving my countryin Korea and in Washington, D.C., as Secretary of the InteriorI have spent my life in the Pacific Northwest This region contains expansive forests which are unparalleled in producing commercial forest products for housing and paper, outstanding water quality that supports anadromous and resident fish populations, and a vastness that allows for unconfined outdoor recreation for its citizens. The Pacific Northwest offers a life that we love and guard with care.
As a logger, businessman, and public official I have experienced the way of life in our forested communities from many standpoints. I have focused much of my career as a public official on issues related to our natural resource industries and the environment in which they operate. Citizens in our forest-based communities are concerned about the future of their communities, and I share their concern.
As Governor of Idaho, I concern myself daily with issues that affect the vitality and future of the forest-based communities in our state. The forest industry must deal with issues including wilderness, forest plans, log exports, and water quality, all of which affect communities in Idaho and the Pacific Northwest Forest-based communities have additional concerns that a Governor tries to address: education, economic development, health care, and transportation. These community concerns are inextricably linked to the relationships these communities have with the surrounding forests and the timber industry.
Our forests in this region, and the communities which depend upon them for their economic support, are in transition. Other forested regions in the United States and in other countries have experienced the social and economic changes that come with exhaustion of the resources that were present when an area was settled. But the change in the Pacific Northwest is different. It comes at a time when technologies in forestry and manufacturing have advanced to a point that will allow the region to adapt to the changes in the resource base. Just as important, our view of the importance of communities in our forested regions has also evolved. The societal effects of boom and bust on single-industry towns are a public issue. No longer are we willing to accept the notion that a community and all its institutions are built and destroyed on the whim of an individual corporation.
This volume represents a cross section of current research on how communities in forested areas develop and change. Sociologists are continuing to better define communities, understand how they function, and arrive at ideas that assist communities in adapting to changing economic circumstances. The diversity of opinion and research on the topic of communities and forestry contained in this volume stands as a testimony to this important effort.
