Martin L. Lasater - U.s. Interests in the New Taiwan

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U.S. Interests in the New Taiwan

U.S. Interests in the New Taiwan

Martin L. Lasater

First published 1993 by Westview Press, Inc.

Published 2021 by Routledge
605 Third Avenue, New York, NY 10017
2 Park Square, Milton Park, Abingdon, Oxon OX14 4RN

Routledge is an imprint of the Taylor & Francis Group, an informa business

Copyright 1993 by Taylor & Francis

All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reprinted or reproduced or utilised in any form or by any electronic, mechanical, or other means, now known or hereafter invented, including photocopying and recording, or in any information storage or retrieval system, without permission in writing from the publishers.

Notice:
Product or corporate names may be trademarks or registered trademarks, and are used only for identification and explanation without intent to infringe.

Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
Lasater, Martin L
U.S. interests in the new Taiwan / by Martin L Lasater
p. cm.
Includes index.
ISBN 0-8133-8396-X
1. United States-Foreign relationsTaiwan. 2. TaiwanForeign relationsUnited States. I. Title.
E183.8.T3L4 1993
327.73041249dc20

92-19953
CIP

ISBN 13: 978-0-3672-1243-8 (hbk)
ISBN 13: 978-0-3672-1524-8 (pbk)

DOI: 10.4324/9780429269929

Contents

1. PART ONE
   THE NEW TAIWAN
   1. 2 Taiwan's Political Development
      1. The Kuomintang, or Nationalist Party
      2. Elections on Taiwan Through 1986
      3. Political Reform Under Lee Teng-hui
      4. Political Events in 1990
      5. Developments in 1991
      6. Conclusion
      7. Notes
   2. 3 Taiwan's Economic Development
      1. Stages of Development and Key Economic Policies
      2. Domestic Economy
      3. Economic Problems
      4. International Economic Relations
      5. Economic Relations with the PRC
      6. Future Economic Policies
      7. Conclusion
      8. Notes
   3. 4 Flexible Diplomacy
      1. A New Pragmatism
      2. Taiwan's Policy Toward Mainland China
      3. Conclusion
      4. Notes
   4. 5 The Security of Taiwan
      1. PRC Political Objectives in the Use of Force
      2. PRC Intentions to Use Force Against Taiwan
      3. Comparison of Military Capabilities
      4. Taiwan's Strategy of Deterrence
      5. Conclusion
      6. Notes
2. PART TWO
   POLICY IMPLICATIONS FOR THE UNITED STATES
   1. 6 Beyond Containment in Asia: U.S. Strategy and Policy in the 1990s
      1. Strategic Background
      2. U.S. Policy Toward Asia Under President Bush
      3. The Persian Gulf War
      4. The New World Order
      5. Sino-American Relations Under the Bush Administration, 1989-1991
      6. Conclusion
      7. Notes
   2. 7 U.S. Interests in the Republic of China
      1. U.S. Interests Defined
      2. U.S. Interests in Peace in the Taiwan Strait
      3. Other U.S. Interests in Taiwan
      4. The International System
      5. U.S. Interests in Taiwan's Alternative Futures
      6. Conclusion
      7. Notes
   3. 8 Policy Recommendations and Conclusions
      1. The United States and the "New" Taiwan
      2. Future U.S. Policy Toward Taiwan
      3. Conclusion
      4. Notes

1. PART ONE THE NEW TAIWAN
   1. 2 Taiwan's Political Development
      1. The Kuomintang, or Nationalist Party
      2. Elections on Taiwan Through 1986
      3. Political Reform Under Lee Teng-hui
      4. Political Events in 1990
      5. Developments in 1991
      6. Conclusion
      7. Notes
   2. 3 Taiwan's Economic Development
      1. Stages of Development and Key Economic Policies
      2. Domestic Economy
      3. Economic Problems
      4. International Economic Relations
      5. Economic Relations with the PRC
      6. Future Economic Policies
      7. Conclusion
      8. Notes
   3. 4 Flexible Diplomacy
      1. A New Pragmatism
      2. Taiwan's Policy Toward Mainland China
      3. Conclusion
      4. Notes
   4. 5 The Security of Taiwan
      1. PRC Political Objectives in the Use of Force
      2. PRC Intentions to Use Force Against Taiwan
      3. Comparison of Military Capabilities
      4. Taiwan's Strategy of Deterrence
      5. Conclusion
      6. Notes
2. PART TWO POLICY IMPLICATIONS FOR THE UNITED STATES
   1. 6 Beyond Containment in Asia: U.S. Strategy and Policy in the 1990s
      1. Strategic Background
      2. U.S. Policy Toward Asia Under President Bush
      3. The Persian Gulf War
      4. The New World Order
      5. Sino-American Relations Under the Bush Administration, 1989-1991
      6. Conclusion
      7. Notes
   2. 7 U.S. Interests in the Republic of China
      1. U.S. Interests Defined
      2. U.S. Interests in Peace in the Taiwan Strait
      3. Other U.S. Interests in Taiwan
      4. The International System
      5. U.S. Interests in Taiwan's Alternative Futures
      6. Conclusion
      7. Notes
   3. 8 Policy Recommendations and Conclusions
      1. The United States and the "New" Taiwan
      2. Future U.S. Policy Toward Taiwan
      3. Conclusion
      4. Notes

Guide

Taiwan is rapidly changing its fundamental character. Very few studies have examined where the new Taiwan is going or what impact developments there will have on Sino-American relations over the next decade. The purpose of this book is to partially fill that intellectual gap. Consequently, the book is oriented toward the future, and I frequently make forecasts. I do so with full awareness of the analytical risks and limitations involved in taking such an approach.

To facilitate the book's readability, I have cited relatively few references. However, many sources have contributed to this work, including more than ten years of personal experience in analyzing the Taiwan issue in Sino-American relations.

Both the Wade-Giles and Pinyin romanization systems have been utilized for Chinese names. In general, the Wade-Giles system has been used for historical names and when referring to Taiwan, and the Pinyin system has been used when referring to mainland China This reflects current usage by the two Chinese societies.

I am grateful for a research grant from the Institute of International Relations at National Chengchi University and for a publication grant from the Pacific Cultural Foundation, both located in Taipei. The contents of the book, however, are solely my responsibility and represent my opinions.

Martin L. Lasater

Called a pariah state by some because of its diplomatic isolation, Taiwan today may be more aptly described as a phoenix rising above its difficulties. Beginning in 1986 and continuing to the present, Taiwanor, the Republic of China (ROC) as it is called officiallyinitiated a remarkable series of domestic and foreign policy reforms designed to transform the island-nation into a modern democratic state.

Within a short period of time, forty years of martial law were ended; Taiwan opened its doors for the first time to unofficial contact with its rival, the People's Republic of China (PRC) on the mainland; a major diplomatic offensive, termed "flexible," "pragmatic," or "elastic" diplomacy, was launched; substantial work on liberalizing and restructuring the economy was begun; and advanced locally produced weapons were added to the ROC arsenal, significantly enhancing the island's self-defense capabilities.

These profound changes in ROC policy have created a "new" Taiwan which is remarkably different from the "old" Taiwan of pre-1986. The new Taiwan is a pluralistic society evolving toward a parliamentary democracy. Its market economy, based increasingly on high-tech products rather than labor intensive industry, is largely open to foreign competition. Non-governmental contacts with mainland China are extensive. Effectively using its large financial resources, Taiwan is playing a much more active role in Asian Pacific affairs. Its foreign policy is far more pragmatic and less ideological than in the past, creating opportunities for vastly expanded participation in the international community. The ROC military is stronger than ever before and less dependent on US. arms sales.

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