Jorge Ramos - The Latino Wave: How Hispanics Are Transforming Politics in America

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THE LATINO WAVE

HOW HISPANICS ARE TRANSFORMING
POLITICS IN AMERICA

JORGE RAMOS

TRANSLATED FROM THE SPANISH BY EZRA E. FITZ

TO THE FIRST LATINO U.S. PRESIDENT,
WHO, SURELY, HAS ALREADY BEEN BORN

CONTENTS

CHAPTER 1:
Making History: How Latinos Decided the 2000 and 2004 Presidential Elections

CHAPTER 2:
The New Neighbors Next Door

CHAPTER 3:
Why Latinos Are Different: The Melting Pot Myth

CHAPTER 4:
How to Woo Latinos: A Guide

CHAPTER 5:
The Secret Life of Latinos

CHAPTER 6:
The Invader Invaded

CHAPTER 7:
The True Power of Immigrants

CHAPTER 8:
The Latino Agenda

APPENDIX
Hispanics at a Glance

THIS BOOK STEMS, of course, from many things.

The conversations I had with Raul Yzaguirre of the National Council of La Raza, Roberto Suro of the Pew Hispanic Center, Arturo Vargas of the National Association of Latino Elected and Appointed Officials (NALEO), and Harry Pachn of the Toms Rivera Policy Institute greatly influenced this books analysis and conclusions. They, after all, are the true experts on this subject.

Sonia Coln and Janet Murguia allowed me an inside look at the campaigns of George W. Bush and Al Gore as they sought to gain the Hispanic vote in the 2000 presidential election. Their testimonies are invaluable and, without them, such a perspective on both the Republican and Democratic parties would not have been possible.

Many of the ideas and arguments presented herein have previously been explored by others. Therefore, I have made a very thorough and concerted effort to attribute, cite, and quote all arguments, ideas, and facts that arent my own. The vision put forth by other Latinos has enabled me to approach the complicated subject of the Hispanic condition.

The book Latinos: Remaking America was fundamental for me as I oriented myself along the lines of the most important issues affecting Hispanics today. I am thus indebted to those who helped in its publication: Ricardo C. Ainslie, Elaine Bernard, E. Richard Brown, Mara S. Carlo, Jorge Chapa, John H. Coatsworth, Wayne A. Cornelius, Rodolfo O. de la Garza, Louis DeSipio, Jorge I. Domnguez, Celia Jaes Falicov, Paul Farmer, Juan Flores, Patrcia Gndara, Merilee S. Grindle, Jacqueline Hagan, David E. Hayes-Bautista, Pierrette Hondagneu-Sotelo, Peggy Levitt, Luis C. Moll, Lisa J. Montoya, Gary Orfield, Mariele Pez, Barbara Zurer Pearson, Nestor Rodriguez, Richard Ruiz, George J. Sanchez, Roberto C. Smith, Catherine E. Snow, Doris Sommer, Alex Stepick, Carol Durron Stepick, Carola Surez-Orozco, Marcelo M. Surez-Orozco, Silvio Torres-Saillant, John Trumpbour, Diego Vigil, Mary C. Waters, Hongjian Yu, and Ana Cecilia Zentella.

The research and data presented here have been invaluable resources: they show the Hispanic reality in a quantitative form. There are several studies I cite frequently, and without them this book would lack a solid factual basis: 2002 National Survey of Latinos (Pew Hispanic Center/Kaiser Family Foundation); Latinos in Higher Education: Many Enroll, Too Few Graduate (Pew Hispanic Center); Latino Viewing Choices (Toms Rivera Policy Institute); Immigrants Dispel Negative Stereotypes (Public Agenda); Mobilizing the Latino Vote: 2002 (National Council of La Raza); Latinos Potent, but Vulnerable, Force in U.S. Economy (National Council of La Raza); Overall U.S. Economy Gains from Immigration (National Academy of Sciences); Immigrants and the Economy (National Immigration Forum). The studies and analysis done by the Brookings Institution, the Center on Urban and Metropolitan Policy, the U.S. Census Bureau Public Information Office, the Urban Institute, and UCLAs North American Integration and Development Center were also highly valuable.

The autobiographies of Mara Arana, Ilan Stavans, and Richard Rodrguez are extraordinary reflections on Latinos incessant search for identity, and I used them as constant guides and references. These writers have already entered and exited from the torment. The books Strangers Among Us by Roberto Suro, The Buried Mirror by Carlos Fuentes, and The Cosmic Race by Jos Vasconcelos were central in establishing context and a long-term vision.

I have the greatest bosses on Earth at Univision. Ray Rodrguez, Frank Pirozzi, and Sylvia Rosabal, the vice president for news, understand only too well what it means to be both a journalist and a writer, and have graciously granted me the space and support I needed to be both. Thanks, Ray. Thanks, Frank. Thanks, Sylvia.

The enthusiasm of my editor, Ren Alegria, is contagious. He is the true force behind this book, as well as behind Rayo, HarperCollinss Hispanic imprint. Ren is my friend; he knows how to listen, and he posesses an extraordinary capacity for observation. All of his edits invariably improve upon the original, and how many other writers can say this about their editors? Andrea Montejo, in charge of much of this books publication process, is incredibly patient, tolerant, and attentive to detail. If her fellow compatriots followed her example, there would already be peace in Colombia.

Bill Adler, my agent, has a marvelous eye for new tendencies. Its the human contactdirect, without the use of the Internet, fax machines, or cellphonesand his insatiable curiosity that makes him so special. When he speaks, I listen.

And, to make a long story short, its the experience of spending the past 20 years of my life in the United Statesas an immigrant and as a Latinothat has enabled me to write this book. How does one thank an entire country? How? One way or another, I thank you.

THE UNITED STATES is becoming a Latino nation.

By the year 2125, there will be more Hispanics than non-Hispanic whites in the United States. Decades before, in 2050, whites will have become just one more minority in this country. Most of us will not be around to see such developments, but the process has been set in motion, and looks to be irreversible.

The Latino wave is advancing unstoppably, inexorably, imperturbably. Each passing year brings roughly 1.5 million new Hispanics into the United States, via immigration (both legal and undocumented) and new children born in the United States to Latino families.

Its this constant growth that affects everything. Hispanics made up 5 percent of the total U.S. population in 1970, 9 percent in 1990, 12.5 percent in 2000, and 13.5 percent in 2002. The figure will rise to 18 percent by 2030, 22 percent by 2050, 29 percent by 2075, 33 percent by 2100, and 36 percent by 2125, at which point Hispanics will outnumber non-Hispanic whites in this country (35 percent). The watershed period from 2120 to 2125 will markif the trends hold true and my calculations are correctone of the greatest demographic transformations ever: a future snapshot of how a minority became a majority. The Latino wave.

This demographic revolution is, of course, a cultural one as well. This is no exaggeration. The growth and influence of the Latino community will significantly change the power structure within the United States as well as the way in which we live on a day-to-day basis. Nothingabsolutely nothingwill remain untouched by this Latino presence.

Like it or not, there is a wave sweeping across the United States, washing over everything, and even those who refuse to believe this are going to get culturally soaked.

The United States is witnessing a veritable demographic revolution, and this will have far more important repercussions than the war on terrorism, the state of the economy, or even the oftentimes disastrous forces of nature. What is unfathomable is that many people havent even noticed that it is happening.

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