Timeline
Date: 1853
France:
Russia: Birth of Peter Rachkovsky
Britain: Great Exhibition: Reclus, Stieber in London; Wylds Globe dominates Leicester Square
Other European:
United States:
Other:
Date: 1858
France: Reclus returns to Paris from his travels in America
Russia:
Britain:
Other European: Orsini bombing
United States:
Other:
Date: 1860
France:
Russia:
Britain:
Other European:
Germany: Stieber recruited by de Mohrenheim in Berlin
United States:
Other:
Date: 1861
France:
Russia: Alexander IIs edict freeing the serfs
Britain:
Other European:
United States:
Other:
Date: 1862
France:
Russia: Kropotkin posted to Irkutsk in Siberia at his own request; nihilist coined in Fathers and Sons; Zemlya i Volya, Land and Liberty
Britain:
Other European:
United States:
Other:
Date: 1863
France:
Russia: Chernyshevsky What is to be Done?; Stieber taken back to Prussia by Bismarck to head the police
Britain:
Other European:
United States:
Other:
Date: 1864
France: Reclus brothers found a co-op (First in Paris); Joly publishes Dialogues from Brussels
Russia: Kropotkin expedition to Siberia and Amur Valley
Britain:
Other European: IWMA founded
United States:
Other:
Date: 1865
France: Death of Pierre-Joseph Proudhon
Russia:
Britain: Bakunin, having escaped from Siberian exile, visits Marx in London
Other European:
United States: End of American Civil War
Other:
Date: 1866
France:
Russia:
Britain:
Other European: Attempt on life of Alexander II by Karakozov; Ferdinand Cohen-Blind attempts to assassinate Bismarck
United States:
Other: Nobel takes out patent on dynamite
Date: 1867
France: Paris Expo: World Exhibition attack on Alexander II by Berezowski; Reclus has become member of the International
Russia:
Britain:
Other European:
United States:
Other: End of disastrous French involvement in Mexico with execution of Maximilien
Date: 1868
France:
Russia:
Britain:
Other European:
Switzerland: Berne Congress of Peace and Freedom; first Russian woman takes medical diploma; Peter Lavrov publishes HistoricalLetters urging educated youth to provide political enlightenment to the peasantry
United States:
Other:
Date: 1869
France: Rochefort, as deputy, campaigns for universal conscription in France
Russia:
Britain:
Other European: Nechaev meets Bakunin in Switzerland; The RevolutionaryCatechism
United States:
Other:
Date: 1870
France:Jan: Noir funeral
July: Ems telegram; 20,000 Leagues Under the Sea published
19 July: Declaration of War
2 Sept: Defeat and capture of Napoleon III at Sedan
4 Sept: Hotel de Ville declaration
7 Oct: Balloon flight of Gambetta out of Paris; declaration by Bakunin of a commune in Lyons; failed attack from Tours
27 Dec: German bombardment of Paris begins
Russia: Tsar concerned what republican France might mean for European monarchies
Britain:
Other European: Vatican council rules Pope infallible in matters of doctrine
December: Cesare Lombroso enjoys revelation of criminal atavism
United States:
Other:
Date: 1871
France:Jan: Armed stand-off between Breton soldiers and Flourens radicals around the Hotel de Ville
18 March: Failed attempt to seize National Guard guns at Montmartre and elsewhere precipitates government withdrawal to Versailles
28 March: Declaration of Paris Commune
22 May: Bloody Week massacres of Communards as Versaillais troops retake Paris
Russia: Trial of Nechaevists
July: Genesis of what would become the Chaikovsky Circle during rural study retreat
Britain: Marx writing The Civil War in France; Bulwer Lytton, The Coming Race; Darwin publishes The Descent of Man; Hyndman, as fellow of Magdalen College, visits Commune; Carpenter travels to France and is arrested by Prussians; flight of Communards; London Congress: Marxists investigation of Bakunin and Nechaev
Other European:
Germany: Coronation at Versailles of Wilhelm I of Prussia as kaiser of united Germany; Pius IX of Commune: devils risen up
Switzerland: Foundation of the Bakuninist Jura Federation, headed by Guillaume
Oct: St-Imier anti-authoritarian congress
United States: Knights of Labour started at tailors meeting in Philadelphia
Oct: Fire destroys much of Chicago
Other:18 Jan: German Empire declared; union of German States
1 March: German triumphal march through Paris
Date: 1872
France: Military tribunal to try Communards continues, amid transportations to New Caledonia
Russia: Kropotkin and Kravchinsky join Chaikovsky Circle; Dostoevsky publishes The Devils
Britain: Communards sleeping rough in London parks
Other European:Feb: Kropotkin arrives in Switzerland
14 March: Reclus arrives in Switzerland
United States: Andrew Carnegie begins revolution in steel manufacture
Other:
Date: 1873
France:23 May: General MacMahon becomes president of Third Republic; Michel and Rochefort deported
Sept: War indemnity to Germany paid off early
Russia:Summer: Mass movement of young radicals go to the people during Mad Summer with many arrests in coming two years; Koroptkin works on his draft