The Kosovo Tragedy
THE HUMAN RIGHTS DIMENSIONS
EDITORIAL TEAM
Ken Booth
Editor
with
Alex J. Bellamy, Ian R. Mitchell and Patricia Owens
Assistant Editors
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The Kosovo Tragedy
THE HUMAN RIGHTS DIMENSIONS
Editor
Ken Booth
FRANK CASS
LONDON PORTLAND, OR
First published in 2001 in Great Britain by
FRANK CASS PUBLISHERS
2 Park Square, Milton Park, Abingdon, Oxon, OX14 4RN
and in the United States of America by
FRANK CASS PUBLISHERS
270 Madison Ave, New York NY 10016
Transferred to Digital Printing 2005
Website www.frankcass.com
Copyright 2001 Frank Cass & Co. Ltd.
British Library Cataloguing in Publication Data
The Kosovo tragedy: the human rights dimensions
1. Human rights Serbia Kosovo 2. Kosovo (Serbia)
History Civil War, 1998
I. Booth, Ken
323'.094971
ISBN 0 7146 5085 4 (cloth)
ISBN 0 7146 8126 1 (paper)
Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data:
The Kosovo tradgey: the human rights dimensions / editor Ken Booth,
p. cm.
This group of studies first appeared in a special issue of the International journal of human rights, Vol. 4, nos. 3/4 (Autumn/ Winter, 2000).
Includes bibliographical references and index.
ISBN 0-7146-5085-4 - ISBN 0-7146-8126-1 (pbk.)
1. Kosovo (Serbia)-History-Civil War, 1998-. 2. Human rights-Yugoslavia-Kosovo (Serbia) 3. Kosovo (Serbia)-Politics and government. I. Booth, Ken, 1943-. II. International journal of human rights, v. 4, nos. 34 (Special number)
KZ6795.K68 K67 2001
323.49094971-dc21
00065626
This group of studies first appeared in a special issue of the
International Journal of Human Rights [ISSN 1364-2987] Vol.4, Nos.3/4
(Autumn/Winter, 2000) published by Frank Cass and Co. Ltd.
All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in or introduced
into a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic,
mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise, without the prior written permission of
the publisher of this book.
Cover illustration: Human Rights Watch, 1999
Contents
Ken Booth
Tim Dunne and Daniela Kroslak
Carrie Booth Walling
Caroline Kennedy-Pipe and Penny Stanley
Marianne Hanson
Alex J. Bellamy
William G. Walker
Nicholas J. Wheeler
Jim Whitman
Hilaire McCoubrey
Marc Weiler
Eric Herring
Ian R. Mitchell
Jasmina Husanovi
Chris Brown
Melanie McDonagh
John Stremlau
Colin S. Gray
Tarak Barkawi
Ken Booth
Richard Falk
Preface
The conflict in, around and above Kosovo in 1999 has been described as being as significant for international politics as the pulling down of the Berlin Wall. Its significance derives from many things, including evidence of NATO's ambitions, the implications for the future of the United Nations, the role given to air power and the evident military limitations of the European Union. But at the heart of the significance of Kosovo's history in recent times in the build-up, conduct and aftermath of the NATO bombing campaign in 1999 has been the issue of human rights.
An international group of specialists nine nationalities in all discuss key and controversial aspects of the human rights dimensions of the Kosovo tragedy, including: analysis of concepts such as genocide and ethnic cleansing; accounts of the wrongs done to the victims in Kosovo; examination of the run-up to the war in 1999; the background of the earlier experiences in Bosnia; description of the way the war was fought; speculation about the implications for human rights of what has developed since the bombing campaign stopped; and debate about the possible lessons to be learned from what has been called sometimes with pride, sometimes with irony the first humanitarian war.
In preparing this volume, a number of debts have been incurred. The first is to Frank Barnaby, the founder and editor of The International Journal of Human Rights. When I suggested to him that he might organise the journal's first Special Issue around the human rights dimensions of the war that was then controversially taking place in the Balkans, he readily agreed; and straight away volunteered me to do it. As on other occasions over the years, I have never ultimately regretted any of the experiences for which Frank has so cheerfully volunteered me. Once again I have learned a great deal, and most importantly that Kosovo is not simply a Balkan or even a European matter; it is of global significance. At the start of a century that will see a further shrinking of time and space, and simultaneously the predictable overloading of all human and environmental systems, Kosovo tells us critical things about the practice of international politics, and asks us fundamental questions about global issues.
I want to thank several people at Frank Cass for entrusting me with this first Special Issue of The International Journal of Human Rights, especially Stewart Cass and Cathy Jennings. As desk editor of the journal, Cathy has been everything an academic editor would wish: supportive, professional, a source of good advice, sympathetic towards the inevitable glitches and, crucially, flexible with the deadlines.
Thanks go to the South African Journal of International Affairs for permission to reprint the essay by John Stremlau, The 1999 Kosovo War through a South African Lens', originally published in Summer 2000, Vol.7, No.1, pp. 1317; to Politikon, for permission to borrow heavily from my The Kosovo Tragedy: Epilogue to Another Low and Dishonest Decade, originally published in Summer 2000, Vol.27, No.1, pp.518; and to Civil Wars for permission to use extracts from my NATO's Republic: Warnings from Kosovo, originally published in Autumn 1999, Vol.2, No.3, pp.8995.
The task of editing this volume would have been heavier without the assistance of several present and former graduate students in the Department of International Politics at the University of Wales, Aberystwyth. In the summer of 1999, helping to get everything started, I would like to thank Lars Christoffersen, Aoibheann O'Keefe, and Fleur Van Der Schalk. Particular thanks are due to the three members of the editorial team: Alex J. Bellamy, Ian R. Mitchell and Patricia Owens. In addition to helping comment on and edit the drafts, they collected the documents, Alex and Ian wrote chapters, and Patricia compiled the index. Elaine Lowe, the Departmental Secretary, coordinated the papers as efficiently and helpfully as ever. Thanks also go to Antony Smith of the Geography and Earth Sciences department, for drawing the map of the former Yugoslavia.