Katelyn Rice - Florida in the Early 20th Century: Boom and Bust

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Katelyn Rice

Consultants

Dorothy Levin, M.S.Ed., MBA

St. Lucie County Schools

Vanessa Ann Gunther, Ph.D.

Department of History

Chapman University

Cassandra Slone

Pinellas County Public Schools

Publishing Credits

Rachelle Cracchiolo, M.S.Ed., Publisher

Conni Medina, M.A.Ed., Managing Editor

Emily R. Smith, M.A.Ed., Series Developer

Diana Kenney, M.A.Ed., NBCT, Content Director

Courtney Patterson, Multimedia Designer

Image Credits: Cover and pp. 1, 7 (bottom), 8, 17 (left

and right), 1819, 20, 2021, 2425, 31 State Archives

of Florida; pp. 23 R. B. Holt/MPI/Getty Images; p. 4 LOC

[LC-DIG-det-4a27966]; p. 5 (right) LOC [LC-USZC4-7551],

(left) LOC [LC-USZC4-9027], (top) LOC [sgpwar.19191231];

p. 6 B Christopher/Alamy; p. 7 (top left and right) CSU

Archives/Everett Collection; p. 9 Smith Collection/Gado/

Getty Images; pp. 1011 R. B. Holt/MPI/Getty Images; pp.

10, 14 (back and front) Granger, NYC; p. 11 Nigel Cattlin/

Science Source; p. 12 FPG/Hulton Archive/Getty Images;

p. 13 NARA [12573155]; p. 15 From the Harris & Ewing

collection at the Library of Congress; pp. 1617 State

Archives of Florida/Fishbaugh; p. 19 (top) PhotoQuest/

Getty Images, (bottom) LOC [LC-DIG-hec-47251]; p. 21

(top) LOC [LC-USZ62-46681]; p. 22 Bundesarchiv, Bild

183-S33882/CC-BY-SA 3.0; p. 23 LOC [LC-USZ62-129812];

pp. 25, 32 Wikimedia Commons/Public Domain; p. 28

LOC [LC-DIG-npcc-00318]; all other images from iStock

and/or Shutterstock.

Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data

Names: Rice, Katelyn, author.

Title: Florida in the early 20th century : boom and bust /

Katelyn Rice.

Description: Huntington Beach, CA : Teacher Created

Materials, [2017] |

Includes index. | Audience: 4-6.

Identifiers: LCCN 2016014356 (print) | LCCN 2016016847

(ebook) | ISBN

9781493835423 (pbk.) | ISBN 9781480756892 (eBook)

Subjects: LCSH: Florida--Economic conditions--20th

century--Juvenile

literature. | Florida--History--20th century--Juvenile

literature. |

Depressions--1929--United States--Juvenile literature.

Classification: LCC F311 .R53 2017 (print) | LCC F311

(ebook) | DDC

975.9/063--dc23

LC record available at https://lccn.loc.gov/2016014356

Teacher Created Materials

5301 Oceanus Drive

Huntington Beach, CA 92649-1030

http://www.tcmpub.com

ISBN 978-1-4938-3542-3
ePUB ISBN 978-1-5457-2729-4

2017 Teacher Created Materials, Inc.

America went through a lot of growth in the 1800s. But change

occurred much more swiftly in the early 20th century. New laws

required children to go to school. Women fought for the right to vote.

The workforce in the United States was becoming more industrialized.

Men like Henry Ford were making their mark on business. Ford

used the assembly line to streamline the way cars were built. He was

able to build more cars in less time, for less money. This made cars

cheaper for the public. More people could buy them.

During the hustle and bustle of this age,

there was a state of unrest in Europe. Archduke

Franz Ferdinand, heir to the Austro-Hungarian

Empire, had been assassinated . This led to

the start of World War I in 1914. The United

States joined the war effort three years later.

Millions of U.S. soldiers fought in this war. The

war lasted four years. During that time, new

technology led to new weapons, such as tanks

and aircraft carriers.

Franz Ferdinand

1917 U.S. Army

recruitment posters

World War I ended in 1918. The years that followed were

full of change for the country. Women won the right to vote

in 1920. Alcohol was declared illegal to make and sell.

Limits were set on the number of immigrants who could

move to the country. Jazz and blues music made their way

into white culture as many African Americans moved from

southern to northern cities.

This period of U.S. history came to be known as the

Roaring Twenties. Amid the many cultural changes of the

decade, there was an economic boom. People had money

to spend. They bought new cars and clothes. Some went

to new movie theaters every week. Chain stores, such as

Woolworths, popped up all over

the country.

By 1930, 12 million U.S.

homes had radios. Refrigerators

and vacuums made life simpler

for many households. But the

boom did not last very long.

Many people began to buy

things on credit . They bought

more than they could afford

to pay for in cash. Little

did they know that their

spending would come back

to haunt them.

1920 advertisement for

electric appliances

Mass Culture

Mass culture is a set of ideas that
develop when people are influenced by
the same media and advertising. Mass
culture was prevalent in the 1920s.
People liked the same music. They
learned the same dance moves. They
bought the same clothes.

Florida was not exempt from the Roaring Twenties. After

World War I, people had time. They had money. Even better, they

had automobiles. They were able to travel across the country. Some

came to visit Florida. Many were also looking for a new place to

live. The areas warm summers and mild winters beckoned many

people to the growing state. Almost 300,000 people moved to the

state by the early 1920s. Over one million people lived there by

the end of the decade.

Most people had to deal with land speculators . These

people bought land at cheap prices. Then, they sold that land

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