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Heather L. - Californians Who Made a Difference

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Heather L. Californians Who Made a Difference
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    Californians Who Made a Difference
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California is a state that is rich with diverse people. Its artists, activists, writers, scientists, and politicians have had a positive impact not just on the state, but also on the rest of the world. This Interactiv-eBook introduces students to some of Californias influential individuals including John Muir, Dorothea Lange, Sally Ride, and Cesar Chavez. By examining primary sources like maps, images, letters, and photographs, students will achieve literacy in social studies as they learn how to investigate and reflect on various social, economic, cultural, and geographical topics. This nonfiction text integrates social studies content and literacy and includes text features like a glossary, index, captions, sidebars, and table of contents to build academic vocabulary and comprehension. Aligned to the National Council for Social Studies (NCSS) and other national and state standards, the text is leveled to support above-, below-, and on-level learners. The Track It! culminating activity provides an opportunity for assessment that challenges students to apply what they have learned in an interactive way, and Your Turn! challenges students to connect to a primary source through a writing activity. Learn about Californias movers and shakers with this Interactiv-eBook!

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0covercover.xhtmlCalifornians Who Made a Difference Heather L. Osialcover1page0001page0001.xhtml22page0002page0002.xhtml33page0003page0003.xhtml44page0004page0004.xhtmlTable of Contents California Dreamers 4 Labor Leaders 6 Doing Their Part through Art 12 Scientists Who Shaped the World 18 Powerful Politician 22 Keep Dreaming 26 Predict It 28 Glossary 30 Index 31 Your Turn 3255page0005page0005.xhtmlCalifornia Dreamers California is home to people who work hard to make the world a better place. Their strength inspires others to look for ways to make changes, too. Luckily for them, the state has produced many leaders and dreamers before them. People can look up to and learn from these heroes. California's past is full of some of the world's best leaders. Activists fought to make sure everyone was treated the same. Artists showed the beauty of the country to the world. Scientists taught the power of discovery. And politicians led the nation through some of its hardest times. These people have shown the impact that one person can have. They have shaped how others live.

California Dreamin' "California Dreamin'" is one of the most famous songs written about the state. The Mamas and the Papas wrote it while they lived in New York. The song is about the band moving to California to live out their dreams. Even though it is over 50 years old, the song is still loved today.66page0006page0006.xhtml Diversity California is one of the most diverse states. It is home to more than 10 million people who were born in other countries. And half the children who live in the state have at least one immigrant parent. The next generation of difference makers will help move the state forward. Golden Gate Bridge77page0007page0007.xhtmlLabor Leaders Today, California leads the way in fair labor laws. But it did not used to be that way. It took people like Cesar Chavez (SEE?sahr SHA?vehz), Dolores Huerta (deh?LOHR?ehs WAHR?tah), and Larry Itliong (IHT?lee?awng) to fight against what they knew was wrong. Chavez for Change Cesar Chavez was born in 1927. When he was a child, his family lost their home. They moved to California to find work. They worked on farms around the state. Chavez quit school after eighth grade to work full?time as a farm worker. Chavez learned first hand the poor conditions and treatment of farm workers. He fought to improve their lives. He stood up for what was right even when it was hard to do. He went on hunger strikes and led peaceful marches. His boycotts brought workers together in large numbers. For the rest of his life, he fought for equal rights. Chavez died in 1993. People around the world mourned the loss of a great leader. Tens of thousands of people showed up at his funeral to honor him one last time.
Don't Move Chavez joined the U.S. Navy during World War II. Days before he was supposed to ship off to serve in the war, Chavez was arrested. He had sat in a "whites only" section of a movie theater. The police were called, but he still refused to move. Chavez did not believe in segregation and wanted to take a stand for what he believed in.88page0008page0008.xhtmlKeep Keep Moving In 1966, Chavez and 77 others joined a 300?mile (480?kilometer) march. When they reached the end, in Sacramento, they were met by 10, 000 people. They wanted to join the cause, too. Those people were a welcome sight to Chavez. Chavez had many supporters as he fought for workers' rights.99page0009page0009.xhtml
Honoring Huerta The Medal of Freedom is the top honor a civilian can receive. In 2012, former President Barack Obama gave Huerta this medal. In her speech, Huerta said that change only happens when people work as one. She said it is up to all of us to fix things we know are wrong. Huerta (center) leads a rally. Teacher and Activist Dolores Huerta also fought for workers' rights. Her fight began after she graduated from Stockton College. She started working as a teacher. Every day, she saw the barefoot children of farm workers come into her class. They were hungry and tired. Huerta thought it was up to her to help these families. She left teaching and began her life as an activist. In the late 1950s, Huerta met Chavez. They agreed on many things. In 1962, the two formed the National Farm Workers Association (NFWA). Huerta and Chavez wanted to improve working conditions for all farm workers. They spoke up to make sure workers had clean water to drink and breaks during the day.1010page0010page0010.xhtmlMany people treated Huerta poorly because of her ethnicity. Others did not want to listen to her because she was a woman. But she never let that stop her. Huerta kept fighting. She played a key role in earning equal rights for women and farm workers. Huerta has earned many awards. In 1993, she was added to the National Women's Hall of Fame. Huerta still fights for equal rights.
Rallying Cry S, se puede! is Spanish for "Yes, it can be done. " This is the motto of the United Farm Workers (UFW). In 2008, the saying was used in a new way. When Barack Obama ran for his first term as president, many of his supporters chanted, "Yes, we can! " at his rallies. They thought that he gave a voice to people who felt powerless. Farm workers rally for higher wages.1111page0011page0011.xhtmlLeading the Way Larry Itliong was 15 when he left his home in the Philippines. He moved around the United States as he canned fish and picked lettuce. Soon, he moved to California to pick grapes. From there, he would change the course of history. After years of low pay and poor working conditions, Itliong knew it was time for a change. In 1965, he planned a strike. Itliong led hundreds of grape workers out of the fields. He asked Chavez to join his strike. Chavez agreed. Across the country, people saw what the grape workers were doing. Millions of people stopped buying grapes. After five years, Itliong and Chavez won. Workers received better pay, health benefits, and safer working conditions. After the grape strike, the two men and Huerta formed the UFW. This group still fights for equal rights.
"Seven Fingers" While working in Alaska, Itliong earned a new nickname "Seven Fingers. " It came about after he chopped off three of his fingers while canning fish. He had been forced to work in dangerous conditions. Itliong knew he had to force change. He formed a union, which fought for a safer workplace. People soon saw Itliong as someone who would not back down from a fight.1212page0012page0012.xhtmlPhilippines United States Rise to the Top When Itliong came to the United States, things were very different from his country. He had never lived in a home with electricity before. He had never even slept in a bed! Itliong was in a state of culture shock. But, he soon learned to speak four languages. He watched trials to learn U.S. law. Itliong used these skills to organize workers and fight for equality. Rise to the Top People hold signs that say "strike" in Spanish to urge grape workers to stop working.1313page0013page0013.xhtmlDoing Their Part through Art In California, art and artists have always thrived. Ansel Adams showed the beauty of nature. Dorothea Lange and Amy Tan told the truth, even when it was not what people wanted to see. They helped to shape the state's art culture. A Voice for the Wild Ansel Adams began taking pictures at a young age. He did not fit in at school. Adams found it tough to learn and make friends. Instead, he found joy from long walks in nature. On those walks, he took many pictures. As Adams grew older, he saw the threat that many natural sites were facing. He thought if people could see the beauty that he saw, they would help him save it. Adams became famous for his pictures of Yosemite National Park. The photos were featured in galleries and museums around the world. His work helped save thousands of acres of land that would have otherwise been destroyed.1414page0014page0014.xhtmlAdams took many amazing photographs in Yosemite National Park. Muir's Prophecy In 1892, John Muir formed the Sierra Clu b. The club focuses on protecting nature. Y ears later, he went to Yosemite. Caught by its beauty, Muir cried, "Won't it be wonderf ul when a million people can see what we a re seeing here today? " Muir would turn ou t to be right. Today, Yosemite welcomes about four million guests per year.1515page0015page0015.xhtmlThe Truth of the Lens Dorothea Lange lived in San Francisco when the Great Depression hit. Before that, she had a nice life. As a young girl, Lange traveled the world. She paid for her trip by selling her photos. But now, poor, hungry people surrounded her. Lange started taking photos of struggling families. She thought her photos might be able to help them. Her photos soon made her famous. In 1936, Lange snapped a photo of a family. She named it Migrant Mother. It would become her most famous work. It shows a mother and her three hungry children. The destruction of the Great Depression is evident in this picture. When Lange died in 1965, people mourned the loss of a great woman. Her photos let the world see the ugly truths around them. Today, people call Lange one of the best documentary photographers of all time.
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