Nick Hunter - Morocco
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- Book:Morocco
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- Publisher:Capstone
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- Year:2012
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Morocco offers complete coverage of this fascinating country, including sections on history, geography, wildlife, infrastructure and government, and culture. It also includes a detailed fact file, maps and charts, and a traceable flag.
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| Country Name: | Al Mamlakah al Maghribiyah (Kingdom of Morocco) |
| Capital: | Rabat (population: 1,705,000 ) |
| Language: | Arabic; also Berber languages and French |
| Religion: | Islam (99%), Christianity or Judaism (1%) |
| Government: | Constitutional monarchy with Chamber of Representatives (325 members) elected bypopular vote, Chamber of Counselors (270 members) elected by local councils and tradeunions, king, and prime minister |
| Independence Date: | July 30 (Throne Daydate when current king came to the throne) |
| National Anthem: | Hymne Cherifien (Moroccan Anthem) |
| Fountain of freedom Source of Light Where sovereignty and safety meet, Safety andSovereignty May you ever combine! You have lived among nations With title sublime, Filling each heart Sung by each tongue Your champion has risen and answered yourcall. In my mouth and in my blood Your Breezes have stirred both light and fire, Up! My brethren, strive for the highest. We call to the world that we are here ready. We salute as our emblem God, Homeland, and King. | |
| (Source: Reed, W.L. and M.J. Bristow, National Anthems of the World , Cassell, London,9th ed, 1997.) |
This chart shows the population of North African countries.
| Population: | 31,627,428 (est. 2010) |
| Life Expectancy: | 75.9 years (72.8 for men, 79.1 for women) |
| Bordering Countries: | Algeria, Western Sahara, Spain (Spanish territories of Ceuta and Melilla) |
| Total Land Area: | 172,368 square miles (446,431 square kilometers) |
| Largest Cities: | Rabat, Agadir, Casablanca, Fes, Marrakech, Meknes, Tangier |
| Coastline: | 1,140 miles (1,835 kilometers) |
| Highest Elevation: | Jebel Toubkal, 13,665 feet (4,165 meters), in High Atlas Mountains |
| Major Rivers: | Oum er-Rbia, 345 miles (555 kilometers); Sebou, 280 miles (450 kilometers) |
| Natural Resources: | phosphates, iron ore, manganese |
| Imports: | oil and oil products, textile fabric for making clothes, telecommunications equipment,wheat, gas, plastics |
| Exports: | clothing and textiles, electrical parts, chemicals, fertilizers (including phosphates),citrus fruits, vegetables, fish |
| People Below Poverty Line: | 15% |
| People with Internet Access: | 33% (U.S.: 76%; Algeria: 12%; Libya: 5%) |
| Roads: | 57,625 miles (92,738 kilometers); |
| 35,664 miles (57,396 kilometers) paved | |
| Famous Moroccans: | Muhammad Choukri (19352003), writer |
| Abbas El Fassi (b. 1940), prime minister | |
| Hicham El Guerrouj (b. 1974), Olympic athlete | |
| Princess Lalla Salma (b. 1978), anti-HIV/AIDS and womens rights campaigner | |
| Nawal El Moutawakel (b. 1962), Olympic athlete, politician, and member of the InternationalOlympic Committee |
Almost half of Moroccos working people are involved in agriculture, growing cropssuch as these dates for food and to export.
| Currency: | Moroccan Dirham; 1 = 100 centimes |
| UNESCO World Heritage Sites: | |
| Medina of Fez : founded in the 800s and home to the worlds oldest university | |
| Medina of Marrakech : medieval walled city | |
| Ksar of Ait-Ben-Haddou : typical Saharan town in southern Morocco | |
| Historic City of Meknes : Spanish-style city built in the 1600s | |
| Archaeological Site of Volubilis: ruins of Roman city | |
| Medina of Ttouan : medieval walled city that was important as a link between Moroccoand Spain | |
| Medina of Essaouira : 1700s fortified town | |
| Portuguese City of Mazagan : 1500s Portuguese settlement |
A ksar is a traditional Saharan fortified town. Alt-Ben Haddou is on the easternslopes of the High Atlas Mountains. The houses are grouped together behind high wallsto protect them.
BCE is short for Before the Common Era. BCE is added after a date and means thatthe date occurred before the birth of Jesus Christ, for example, 450 BCE.
CE is short for Common Era. CE is added after a date and means that the date occurredafter the birth of Jesus Christ, for example, 720 CE.
| BCE | |
| c. 8000 | First Berber settlers living in Morocco. |
| c. 1000 | Phoenician traders set up trading posts along Moroccos Mediterranean coast. |
| 146 | Phoenician city of Carthage falls to Rome; Morocco falls under control of Roman Empire. |
| CE | |
| 681 | Arab invaders first arrive in Morocco and bring Islam. |
| 789 | Idris I becomes first king of Morocco. |
| 1062 | Marrakech founded by warriors from the Sahara. |
| 1492 | Muslims forced out of Spain; many settle in Morocco. |
| 1578 | Battle of the Three Kings forces Portuguese invaders to leave Morocco. |
| 1664 | Alawite dynasty of kings comes to power (still the royal family of Morocco). |
| 1901 | King Abd al-Aziz takes power and upsets Moroccans with his pro-European ways. |
| 1912 | France and Spain take control of Morocco; most of country controlled by France. |
| 1921 | Abd el-Krims forces defeat the Spanish at Annoual and declare the Republic of theRif. |
| 1942 | Allied troops use Morocco as base for campaign against German troops in North Africa. |
| 1956 | Morocco gains independence from France (March 2) and Spain (April 7); Muhammad Vbecomes king. |
| 1961 | Hassan II becomes king of Morocco upon death of Muhammad V. |
| 1963 | Moroccans vote in the countrys first general election; parliament suspended aftertwo years due to political unrest. |
| 1975 | Moroccan troops occupy Western Sahara; a long conflict follows; region is still disputed. |
| 1996 | Revised constitution introduces two houses of parliament. |
| 1999 | Muhammad VI becomes king of Morocco on death of Hassan II. |
| 2003 | Many people die as a result of terrorist bombings in Casablanca. |
| 2004 | New family laws give more rights to women. |
| 2009 | Abdelkader Belliraj, said to be leader of terrorist group attacking Morocco and countriesabroad, sentenced to life in prison. |
| 2011 | As protest sweep across North Africa, thousands of Moroccans protest in favor ofgreater democracy and reform of the legal system. On February 21, King Muhammad VIannounces a new Social and Economic Council to carry out reforms. |
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