Jim Hillman - Indianapolis Social Clubs
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Indianapolis Social Clubs: summary, description and annotation
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Indianapolis Social Clubs provides nearly 200 rare vintage photographic memories that capture the heart, soul, and history of the clubs.
More than banquet halls, golf courses, and swimming pools, social clubs were a haven for businessmen, politicians, and community leaders, offering respite from public scrutiny.
Defining Indianapolis, the clubs were stoic agents of power and segregation, providing clear historical snapshots of Hoosier pomp and circumstance. The clubs did more than produce Olympic swimmers, world-class golfers, and tennis professionals; they were Indianapoliss multigenerational playgrounds. There were the politics and business dealings at the Columbia Club and the Indianapolis Athletic Club, the golfing, tennis, and formality of Woodstock, Meridian Hills, and other country clubs, and the family fun in the sun at Riviera, Devon, and Olympia. These organizations offered more than magical summers with family and friends; they were the places to be seen
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As we began this book, we discovered that we had chosen a topic that interested many but for which there is precious little in the way of archived material. The Indianapolis-Marion County Public Library, the Indiana State Library, the Indiana Historical Society, and the Beech Grove Library each provided bits and pieces for which we are grateful.
However, it is the assistance of the managers and members of the clubs that still exist, and the former members of the ones now gone, that made this book possible. We can never express fully our thanks to the managers and members at the country clubs who literally took pictures off the walls to allow us to use them, the people who dug out family photo albums and allowed us access to their memories, and the people who gave us clues to locating long-lost newspaper archives.
There are several individuals who have made special contributions that need to have individual mention. Specifically, our thanks go to Larry Taylor, Lisa Dawes-Strachota, and Marc Diebold, who are responsible for many of the historical images; to Jane Bielawski, Jim Gilday, and Joan Lekens, who loaned us family albums; and Dr. Jerry Leer, who provided the cover picture and became a one-man cheering squad for our work.
Of course, without our late fathers, James Hillman and Jack Murphy, we would have never experienced any of the events that made the memories leading to this effort to preserve the history of these magical places of our youth. Finally, thanks to Kathy and Rita for their love and encouragement in this work and in life every day.
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In the galaxy of cities, Indianapolis shares with only a few others the distinction of being designed from the outset as a capital city. The original plan for the mile-square downtown district centers around a circle that originally was planned to be the governors residence. The quadrants of the center city are purpose driven; the west is reserved for the state capitol, to the east are the city and county government buildings and central market, the north houses the federal post office and courthouse, and the south is devoted to the main highway and railroad terminals.
Largely because of this plan, the center city immediately became a magnet for attorneys and politicians, who had court and government business, and the principal merchants, who needed the railroads and the central market. Where the government and the merchants are, the bankers are sure to follow, and where the railroads are, the industrialists will inevitably be drawn. So it was, that while still a young city, the downtown became the center of business and social activity.
The downtown population of the wealthy and powerful wanted and needed places to interact, to share common ideas, and to formulate business and political deals outside of public scrutiny. They also wanted places to gather for political, recreational, and social purposes, places that adequately demonstrated very clearly that they constituted the establishment class of the city.
Out of these desires and needs grew first the political clubs, soon followed by the ethnic and athletic clubs. In time, all these original clubs re-created themselves as private gathering places for the gentlemen to meet for drinks, a game of billiards, and some serious discussions of pending business, financial, and political plans. The women also formed a club of their own to promote literary, artistic, and social causes.
Each of the city clubs had its own distinctive flavor, but their common purpose was the provision of exclusive retreats in the heart of the city and places for the conduct of premier social events.
The Columbia Club, which was originally formed as a Republican marching society, is shown here at the 1892 Republican National Convention at Minneapolis, Minnesota. In an age before the availability of mass media advertising, the political marching societies were a vehicle to generate public attention for candidates and parties. Even at this early date, the Indianapolis political organizations were exerting influence on a national level. (The Columbia Club Foundation.)
As the city clubs matured, they began to establish permanent facilities in buildings constructed especially for their purposes. This view of the center circle shows the first clubhouse of the Columbia Club, located next to Christ Church Cathedral. The exquisite structure and its location at the very center of the city speak to the importance the city clubs were gaining in the society. (The Columbia Club Foundation.)
The Marion Club was an early example of the political clubs seen today. These postcard views from 1903 show the downtown clubhouse/headquarters it established to provide a place for meetings, a lounge and gathering place for members to meet and discuss local and national political affairs, and office space to operate such functions as the voter registration campaign illustrated below. Membership in a club such as this was a way to exert political influence and to be actively involved in election campaigns. Old political lore speaks of deals made in smoke filled rooms; these clubs were the buildings where those rooms were located. (Authors collection.)
A 1910 view from the steps of the monument, now located on the circle, shows the first clubhouse of the Columbia Club, located next to Christ Church Cathedral. The building shown here was home to a growing club that would soon find a need to expand. (The Columbia Club Foundation.)
When expanded facilities were required to accommodate the growing membership, the Columbia Club elected to retain its prominent Monument Circle location, demolishing the first clubhouse and constructing a fine new building on the lot. The new structure fairly exudes the image of establishment and prestige. In this 1917 postcard view, a group of liverymen pose at the entrance to the new clubhouse. (Authors collection.)
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