Beyond Boundaries:
Canadian Defence and Strategic Studies Series
Rob Huebert, Series Editor
ISSN 1716-2645 (Print) ISSN 1925-2919 (Online)
Canadas role in international military and strategic studies ranges from peacebuilding and Arctic sovereignty to unconventional warfare and domestic security. This series provides narratives and analyses of the Canadian military from both an historical and a contemporary perspective.
No. 1 The Generals: The Canadian Armys Senior Commanders in the Second World War J.L. Granatstein
No. 2 Art and Memorial: The Forgotten History of Canadas War Art Laura Brandon
No. 3 In the National Interest: Canadian Foreign Policy and the Department of Foreign Affairs and International Trade, 19092009 Edited by Greg Donaghy and Michael K. Carroll
No. 4 Long Night of the Tankers: Hitlers War Against Caribbean Oil David J. Bercuson and Holger H. Herwig
No. 5 Fishing for a Solution: Canadas Fisheries Relations with the European Union, 19772013 Donald Barry, Bob Applebaum, and Earl Wiseman
No. 6 From Kinshasa to Kandahar: Canada and Fragile States in Historical Perspective Edited by Michael K. Carroll and Greg Donaghy
2016 Michael K. Carroll and Greg Donaghy
University of Calgary Press
2500 University Drive NW
Calgary, Alberta
Canada T2N 1N4
press.ucalgary.ca
This book is available as an ebook which is licensed under a Creative Commons license. The publisher should be contacted for any commercial use which falls outside the terms of that license.
Library and Archives Canada Cataloguing in Publication
From Kinshasha to Kandahar : Canada and fragile states in historical
perspective / edited by Michael K. Carroll and Greg Donaghy.
(Beyond boundaries : Canadian defence and strategic studies series, 1716-2645 ; no. 6)
Includes bibliographical references and index.
Issued in print and electronic formats.
ISBN 978-1-55238-844-0 (paperback).ISBN 978-1-55238-845-7 (open access pdf).
ISBN 978-1-55238-846-4 (pdf).ISBN 978-1-55238-847-1 (epub).
ISBN 978-1-55238-848-8 (mobi)
1. Failed statesHistory20th century. 2. Failed statesHistory21st century.
3. CanadaForeign relations1945-. I. Donaghy, Greg, 1961-, editor
II. Carroll, Michael K. (Michael Kiernan), editor III. Series: Beyond boundaries
series ; no. 6
FC242.F76 2016 327.7109045 C2016-900360-4
C2016-900361-2
This book has been published with the help of a grant from the Federation for the Humanities and Social Sciences, through the Awards to Scholarly Publications Program, using funds provided by the Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council of Canada.
The University of Calgary Press acknowledges the support of the Government of Alberta through the Alberta Media Fund for our publications. We acknowledge the financial support of the Government of Canada through the Canada Book Fund for our publishing activities. We acknowledge the financial support of the Canada Council for the Arts for our publishing program.
Cover image: Canadian Master Bombardier Clint Godsoe, Kandahar Provincial Reconstruction Team (PRT) (Credit: ISAF Photo by Staff Sgt. Jeffrey Duran)
Cover design, page design, and typesetting by Melina Cusano
Copy editing by Edwin Janzen
E-book conversion by Human Powered Design
Contents
List of Acronyms
1 Tom Keating
Responding to Failed and Fragile States: The Evolution of Canadian Policy
2 Kevin A. Spooner
Present at the Creation? Canada, United Nations Intervention, and the Congo as a Failed State, 196064
3 Stephanie Bangarth
The Politics of African Intervention: Canada and Biafra, 196770
4 David Webster
Failing Fragile States: Canada and East Timor
5 Andrew S. Thompson
Entangled: Canadian Engagement in Haiti, 19682010
6 Julian Schofield
Diagnostic Confusion and Missed Opportunities: Canada and Pakistans Failed State
7 Duane Bratt
Bosnia: From Failed State to Functioning State
8 Stephen M. Saideman
Six Years in Kandahar: Understanding Canadas Multidimensional Effort to Build a Sustainable Afghan State
9 Jean Daudelin
Canada and Fragile States in the Americas
10 Hevina S. Dashwood
Corporate Social Responsibility in Fragile and Stable States: Dilemmas and Opportunities in South Sudan and Ghana
11 Darren Brunk
Conclusion
List of Acronyms
AI Amnesty International
ANA Afghan National Army
ANC Arme nationale congolaise (Congolese National Army)
ANP Afghan National Police
APEC Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation
ASEAN Association of Southeast Asian Nations
AU African Union
CCODP Canadian Catholic Organization for Development and Peace
CF Canadian Forces
CIDA Canadian International Development Agency
CIIEID Canadian International Institute for Extractive Industries and Development
CNG Conseil National de Gouvernement (Haiti)
CSR Corporate social responsibility
CUSO Canadian University Service Overseas
DEA Department of External Affairs
DFAIT Department of Foreign Affairs and International Trade
DFATD Department of Foreign Affairs, Trade and Development
DND Department of National Defence
DRC Democratic Republic of the Congo
ECOSOC Economic and Social Council (United Nations)
EITI Extractive Industries Transparency Initiative
ETAN East Timor Alert Network
EU European Union
FFP Fund for Peace
FMG Federal Military Government (Nigeria)
FRAPH Front pour lAvancement et le Progrs Haitien
GDP Gross Domestic Product
GRI Global Reporting Initiative
ICISS International Commission on Intervention and State Sovereignty
IDB Inter-American Development Bank
IFC International Finance Corporation
IFOR NATO Implementation Force
IMOT International Military Observer Team
INCAF International Network on Conflict and Fragility (OECD)
JNA Yugoslav National Army
KANUPP Karachi Nuclear Power Plant
LAC Library and Archives Canada
LDC Least developed countries
MICIVIH Mission Civile Internationale en Hati (United Nations Civilian Mission in Haiti)
MIF Multinational Interim Force
MINUSTAH United Nations Stabilization Mission in Haiti