Secret Agents and the Memory of Everyday Collaboration in Communist Eastern Europe
Anthem Series on Russian, East European and Eurasian Studies
The Anthem Series on Russian, East European and Eurasian Studies publishes original research on the economy, politics, sociology, anthropology and history of the region. The series aims to promote critical scholarship in the field and has built a reputation for uncompromising editorial and production standards. The breadth of the series reflects our commitment to promoting original scholarship on Russian and East European studies to a global audience.
Series Editor
Balzs AporTrinity College Dublin, Ireland
Editorial Board
Bradley F. AbramsPresident, Czechoslovak Studies Association, USA
Jan C. BehrendsZentrum fr Zeithistorische Forschung, Potsdam, Germany
Dennis DeletantUniversity College London, UK
Tomasz KamusellaUniversity of St. Andrews, UK
Walter G. MossEastern Michigan University, USA
Marshall T. PoeUniversity of Iowa, USA
Arfon ReesUniversity of Birmingham, UK
Maria TodorovaUniversity of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, USA
Secret Agents and the Memory of Everyday Collaboration in Communist Eastern Europe
Edited by Pter Apor, Sndor Horvth and James Mark
Anthem Press
An imprint of Wimbledon Publishing Company
www.anthempress.com
This edition first published in UK and USA 2017
by ANTHEM PRESS
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or PO Box 9779, London SW19 7ZG, UK
and
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2017 Pter Apor, Sndor Horvth and James Mark editorial matter and selection; individual chapters individual contributors.
The moral right of the authors has been asserted.
All rights reserved. Without limiting the rights under copyright reserved above, no part of this publication may be reproduced, stored or introduced into a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means (electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise), without the prior written permission of both the copyright owner and the above publisher of this book.
British Library Cataloguing-in-Publication Data
A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library.
Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
ISBN-13: 978-1-78308-723-5 (Hbk)
ISBN-10: 1-78308-723-4 (Hbk)
This title is also available as an e-book.
CONTENTS
Pter Apor, Sndor Horvth and James Mark
Bernd Schaefer
Barbara Klich-Kluczewska
Ieva Zake
Martin Kovanic
Pter Apor and Sndor Horvth
Florin Abraham
Gabriel Andreescu
Matj Spurn, Jakub Jare and Katka Voln
Josip Mihaljevi
Pawe Sowiski
Cristina Petrescu
Marna Zavack
Tams Kende
Agta stov Drelov
Krisztina Slachta
Pter Apor and Sndor Horvth
BTL | llambiztonsgi Szolglatok Trtneti Levltra (Historical Archives of the Hungarian State Security) |
BStU | Die Behrde des Bundesbeauftragten fr die Unterlagen des Staatssicherheitsdienstes der ehemaligen Deutschen Demokratischen Republik (Federal Commissioner for the Stasi Records of the Former GDR)Germany |
CC | Central Committee |
CDU | Christlich Demokratische Union Deutschlands (Christian Democratic Union)Germany |
CNSAS | Consiliul Naional pentru Studierea Arhivelor Securitii (National Council for the Study of Securitate Archives)Romania |
SSD | esk strana sociln demokratick (Social Democratic Party of the Czech Republic)Czech Republic |
FDP | Free Democratic Party (Freie Demokratische Partei)Germany |
Fidesz | FideszMagyar Polgri Szvetsg (Hungarian Civic Alliance, the acronym Fidesz stands for Alliance of Young Democrats)Hungary |
HZDS | Hnutieza demokratick Slovensko (Movement for Democratic Slovakia)Slovakia |
IM | Inoffizieller Mitarbeiter [Unofficial Collaborator]Germany |
IPN | Instytut Pamici Narodowej (Institute of National Remembrance)Poland |
ISP PAN | Instytut Studiw Politycznych Polskiej Akademii Nauk (Institute of Political Studies of the Polish Academy of Sciences)Poland |
ISTR | Institute for the Study of Totalitarian Regimes (stav pro studium totalitnch reim)Czech Republic |
KDU-SL | Kesansk a demokratick unieeskoslovensk strana lidov (Christian Democratic Party)Czech Republic |
KGB | (Committee for State Security)Russia |
KOR | Komitet Obrony Robotnikw (Workers Defence Committee)Poland |
KSM | Komunistickstrana ech a Moravy (Communist Party of the Czech Republic and Moravia)Czech Republic |
MfS | Ministerium fr Staatssicherheit (Ministry for State Security)GDR |
MNV | Mstsk nrodn vbor (Municipal National Bureau)Czechoslovakia |
MSZMP | Magyar Szocialista Munksprt (Hungarian Socialist Workers Party)Hungary |
MSZP | Magyar Szocialista Prt (Hungarian Socialist Party)Hungary |
NEB | Nemzeti Emlkezet Bizottsga (Committee of National Remembrance) |
NMI | Nations Memory Institute (stav pamti nroda)Slovakia |
ODS | Obansk demokratick strana (Civic Democratic Movement)Czech Republic |
PCR | Partidul Comunist Romn (Romanian Communist Party)Romania |
ReTrKI | Rendszervlts Trtnett Kutat Intzet (Research Institute and Archives for the History of the Hungarian Transition)Hungary |
RFE | Radio Free Europe |
SDL | Strana demokratickej avice (Party of the Democratic Left)Slovakia |
SED | Sozialistische Einheitspartei Deutschlands (Socialist Unity Party of Germany)GDR |
SIE | Serviciul de Informatii Externe (Foreign Information Service) Romania |
SIS | Slovak Information Service (Slovensk informan sluba)Slovakia |
SMER | DirectionSocial Democracy Party (Smersocilna demokracia) Slovakia |
SNS | Slovensk nrodn strana (Slovak National Party)Slovakia |
SPD | Sozialdemokratische Partei Deutschlands (Social Democratic Party)Germany |
tB | ttna Bezpenos (State Security)Czechoslovakia |
StUG | Stasi-Unterlagengesetz (Stasi Records Law)Germany |
SZDSZ | Szabad Demokratk Szvetsge (Alliance of Free Democrats) Hungary |
VB | Verejn Bezpenos (Public Security)Czechoslovakia |
Pter Apor, Sndor Horvth and James Mark
The Memory of Collaboration
Following the fall of the communist dictatorships in East Central Europe in 1989, the question seemed obvious: Should one forget or remember? Post-1989 governments of the region responded to this question by establishing various commissions, specialized archives and institutes of memory charged with the task of clarifying the recent past, uncovering the truth, and furthering the search for justice.