David S Bell - Parties and Democracy in France: Parties Under Presidentialism

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PARTIES AND DEMOCRACY IN FRANCE

Parties and Democracy in France

Parties under presidentialism

David S. Bell

First published 2000 by Ashgate Publishing

Reissued 2018 by Routledge
2 Park Square, Milton Park, Abingdon, Oxon OX14 4RN
711 Third Avenue, New York, NY 10017, USA

Routledge is an imprint of the Taylor & Francis Group, an informa business

Copyright David S. Bell 2000

All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reprinted or reproduced or utilised in any form or by any electronic, mechanical, or other means, now known or hereafter invented, including photocopying and recording, or in any information storage or retrieval system, without permission in writing from the publishers.

Notice:
Product or corporate names may be trademarks or registered trademarks, and are used only for identification and explanation without intent to infringe.

Publisher's Note
The publisher has gone to great lengths to ensure the quality of this reprint but points out that some imperfections in the original copies may be apparent.

Disclaimer
The publisher has made every effort to trace copyright holders and welcomes correspondence from those they have been unable to contact.

Typeset by JL & GA Wheatley Design, Aldershot

A Library of Congress record exists under LC control number: 99058222

ISBN 13: 978-1-138-73231-5 (hbk)

ISBN 13: 978-1-138-73226-1 (pbk)

ISBN 13: 978-1-315-18777-8 (ebk)

Contents

Guide

This book is not intended as a detailed study of the history of political parties in the Fifth Republic. Nor is it concerned with the day-to-day activities of French parties in the country or in the Assembly. Nor is it a book of political sociology or organization - though these are mentioned from time to time. It deals with political tactics and with political strategy. It attempts to deal with the questions of what traditions the parties represent, how the parties have adapted to presidentialism, and how the presidency has managed parties. Hence it is primarily a study of the party cultures and of their interactions, but with the added consideration of the personal factor introduced by the presidential race.

I have gathered materials from official sources, from published sources and from interviews with party politicians and party workers. I would like to thank the many people who gave their time and their information so willingly and who commented on my ideas. I also owe debts to academics, who without being in any way responsible for the finished work, were helpful in reading and commenting on drafts. Other assistance was given by the librarians of Sciences Politiques, Office Universitaire de Recherche Socialiste (OURS), Institut Charles de Gaulle and, in the University of Leeds, Mrs Dolamore and Susan Oldfield of the Modern Language Library (MLL).

Many politicians generously allowed me their time in giving interviews and that material has been incorporated. In particular M. Queval. I would also like to thank the late Peter Morris and Franois Hincker for their help with several chapters. They were both exemplary colleagues in their generosity. I also owe Prof. Arter, Prof. J. Gaffney, Prof. B.D. Graham, Prof. Colas and Prof. Qur, who read drafts, a debt for their help. In addition I would like to thank the series editor David Arter and our patient publisher, John Irwin, and as the French say, 'last but not least', the British Academy without whose support this work would not have been possible.

This book is dedicated to Evi, Stanzie and Hugo.

David S. Bell
September 1998

• AD Adhrents directs (UDF members not belonging to a party)
• ALP Action librate populaire
• ARS Action rpublicaine et sociale (Gaullist loyalists in the Assembly in 1952)
• CD Centre dmocrate (1966-74)
• CDP Centre dmocrate et progrs (1969-76)
• CDS Centre des dmocrates sociaux (1974-95)
• CERES Centre d'Etudes, de Recherches et d'Education Socialistes
• CFDT Confdration Franaise Democratique du Travail (Union confederation)
• CGC Confdration gnral des cadres
• CGT Confdration gnral du travail (Communist-run unions)
• CIR Convention des institutions rpublicaines
• CNIP Centre national des indpendants et Paysans
• CNPF Conseil National du Patronat Franais
• CRS Compagnies Rpublicans de scurit
• DC Democrazia cristiana (Italian Christian Democrats)
• DOM-TOM Dpartements et Territoires d'Outre-Mer
• ECSC European Coal and Steel Community
• EDF Electricit de France
• EMU Economic and Monetary Union
• ENA Ecole Nationale d'Administration
• EU European Union
• FEN Fdration de l'Education Nationale
• FGDS Fdration de la gauche dmocrate et Socialiste
• FN Front National (Le Pen's party 1972-)
• FLN Front de Libration Nationale (Algerian nationalists)
• FO Force Ouvrire (Unions)
• GATT General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade
• GDF Gaz de France
• GRECE Groupement de Recherche et d'Etudes pour la Civilisation Europenne
• HLM Habitation Loyer Modr
• IEP Institut d'Etudes Politiques
• JAC Jeunesse agricole chrtienne
• JEC Jeunesse tudiante chrtienne
• JOC Jeunesse ouvrire chrtienne
• JO Journal Officiel (National Assembly debates)
• LDI La Droite indpendante (de Villiers)
• LO Lutte Ouvrire (Trotskyist)
• MDC Mouvement des citoyens
• MDSF Mouvement dmocrate-socialiste de France (Ex-Socialists refusing the PCF/PS alliance)
• MRG Mouvement des Radicaux de gauche (Left Radicals)
• MRP Mouvement rpublicain populaire (Christian democrats 1944-66)
• MSI Movimento sociale italiano
• NATO North Atlantic Treaty Organization
• OAS Organisation arme secrte
• OECD Organisation for European Cooperation and Development
• PACA Provence, Alpes, Cte d'Azur (region)
• PCF Parti communiste franais
• PCI Partito comunista italiano (Italian Communist Party)
• PDM Progrs et dmocratie moderne
• PDP Parti dmocrate populaire
• PDS Partito democratico della sinistra (Italian Socialist Party)
• PPDF Parti popidaire pour la dmocratie franaise
• PRS Parti Radical-Socialiste (formerly MRG)
• PS Parti socialiste
• PSU Parti socialiste unifi
• PTT Postes tlgraphes tlphones
• RAP Rassemblement pour un autre politique (Sguin's association)
• (FN)RI (Fdration nationale des) Rpublicans indpendants
• RMI Revenue minimum d'insertion
• RPF Rassemblement du peuple franais (Gaullist Party 1947-55)
• RPR Rassemblement pour la Rpublique ('Neo-Gaullist' Party 1976-)
• PR Parti rpublicain
• RS Rpublicans sociaux (Gaullists)
• SAC Service d'action civique
• SFIO Section Franaise de l'Internationale Ouvrire
• SONACOTRA Socit Nationale de Construction pour le Logement des Travailleurs (public housing for immigrant workers)
• SMIC Salaire minimum interprofessional de croissance
• SNCF Socit nationale des chemins defer franais
• UDCA Union de dfence des commercants et artisans (Poujadists)
• UDF Union pour la dmocratic franaise (Centre parties' alliance 1978-)
• UDSR Union Dmocratique et Socialiste de la Rsistance
• UPF Union pour la France (RPR-UDF alliance 1993)
• URAS Union des rpublicans d'action sociale (Gaullist Assembly group after 1953)
• UNEF Union nationale des tudiants de France

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