Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
Perlman, Allison, 1975
Public interests : media advocacy and struggles over U.S. television / Allison Perlman.
pages cm
Includes bibliographical references and index.
ISBN 9780813572307 (hardcover : alk. paper) ISBN 9780813572291 (pbk. : alk. paper) ISBN 9780813572314 (e-book (epub)) ISBN 9780813572321 (e-book (web pdf))
1. Television broadcastingSocial aspectsUnited States. 2. Television and politicsUnited States. 3. Social movementsUnited States. I. Title.
PN1992.6.P473 2016
302.23450973dc23
2015032498
A British Cataloging-in-Publication record for this book is available from the British Library.
Copyright 2016 by Allison Perlman
All rights reserved
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This book is a history of media advocacy, but it was informed by the remarkable work of people currently committed to media reform. Since 2005 I have attended a number of conferences and workshops in which hundreds of people engaged in media activism and advocacy gathered to discuss their work, share tactics and strategies, and find common cause in the fight to reform the media. I am so appreciative of what they do, grateful for the conversations about media advocacy, and inspired by their commitments to fight for media justice and media democracy.
The research for this book was especially aided by the kindness, interest, and generosity of archivists and librarians across the country. Sincere thanks go to the amazing staffs at the Library of Congress, the National Public Broadcasting Archives, the Wisconsin Historical Society, the Schlesinger Library, the Alabama Department of Archives and History, Special Collections at Ohio State University, Special Collections at the University of CaliforniaLos Angeles, the Tamiment Library at New York University, Special Collections at George Washington University, and the Birmingham Public Library.
I was honored to be at the University of Virginia for a year as the Verklin Fellow in Media Ethics and Policy. Thank you to David Verklin for creating this wonderful opportunity and to the media studies department at the University of VirginiaHector Amaya, Aniko Bodroghkozy, Jennifer Petersen, Andrea Press, Siva Vaidhyanathan, and Bruce Williamsfor including me in their intellectual community. It would be hard to overstate how important that year was to the development of this book or how much I learned from this remarkable group of scholars. In addition, I was thrilled to be a part of the inaugural Phil Zwickler Memorial Writing Workshop for Historians of Gender and Sexuality. Thanks go to Gill Frank for inviting me, and to him, Alison Lefkowitz, Erica Ryan, Tim Stewart-Winter, and Stacie Taranato for their insightful comments on my work.
Over the years, as this project has evolved, many friends, colleagues, and mentors read chapters, offered important feedback, talked me through difficult stages, and provided much-appreciated guidance and moral support. Thank you so much Hector Amaya, Miranda Banks, Kyle Barnett, Aniko Bodroghkozy, Steve Classen, Janet Davis, Jonathan Gray, Hollis Griffin, Andrew Hartman, Michael Kackman, Becky Lentz, John McMurria, Jeff Meikle, Julia Mickenberg, Chon Noriega, Mike OConnor, Jennifer Petersen, Victor Pickard, Alex Russo, Gautham Rao, Avi Santo, Tom Schatz, Stephanie Schulte, Josh Shepperd, Mark Smith, and David Uskovich. Thanks also go to the two reviewers for Rutgers University Press, whose insightful and incisive comments were crucial as I revised the final manuscript.
I completed this book at UC Irvine, where I have a split appointment in history and film and media studies. I am so grateful to all my colleagues in both departments for making UCI such a supportive, collegial academic home. I owe special thanks to Alex Borucki, Sharon Block, Kristen Hatch, Lucas Hilderbrand, Bliss Lim, Vicky Johnson, Nancy McLoughlin, Jessica Millward, Bob Moeller, Rachel OToole, Fatimah Tobing Rony, and Jon Wiener, who have been important allies, friends, and mentors since I arrived at UCI. Sincere gratitude goes to UCI Humanities Commons for providing me with a generous publication subvention grant to publish this work.
I could not have asked for a better editor than Leslie Mitchner, and I am grateful for her interest in my work and for her patience and generosity as I finished this book. Big thanks also go to the wonderful people at Rutgers University Press, especially Lisa Boyajian and Marilyn Campbell, and to Joe Abbott for his skillful copyediting of the manuscript.
I am so appreciative of my familyAlan Perlman, Nancy Zivitz, Adam Perlman, Beverly Perlman, Stuart Gould, Amy Goldfrank, and Lauren Gouldfor their support, their love, and their willingness to refrain from asking hows the book coming along? at key moments. Thanks also to my long-standing surrogate familyJami Bartlett, Kim Hewitt, Chris Jennings, Lisa Loeffler-Kaplan, Maria Magaa, Aaron Miller, Mike OConnor, Kevin Strait, and Michele Solbergfor being the most wonderful, loyal, and generous friends that a person could ever hope for.
Though Trevor Griffey entered my life over twenty years ago, he became the most important person in it about two years ago. He stood by me and supported me as I finished this book, provided excellent feedback on my manuscript, and talked me through a number of issues as I completed it. I am awed by and thankful for his intelligence and his integrity, as well as for his compassion and kindness. But perhaps most importantly, I am grateful for the home we have built together, for the love that I feel when Im in it, and for the joy of sharing it with him.
ACNO Advisory Committee of National Organizations
AETC Alabama Educational Television Commission
AETN Alabama Educational Television Network
ALJ Administrative Law Judge
BEST Black Efforts for Soul in Television
CURB Citizens United for Responsive Broadcasting
EEO Equal Employment Opportunity
EEOC Equal Employment Opportunity Commission
ETFA Educational Television Facilities Act
ETRC Educational Television and Radio Center
FAE Fund for Adult Education
FCC Federal Communications Commission
FRC Federal Radio Commission
GLAAD Gay and Lesbian Alliance against Defamation
HBC Hispanic Broadcasting Corporation
HBLP Hispanic Broadcasting Limited Partnership
HBS Hispanic Broadcasting Systems
JCEB Joint Council on Educational Broadcasting
JCET Joint Committee (Council) on Educational Television
LULAC League of United Latin American Citizens
MRC Media Research Center
NAACP National Association for the Advancement of Colored People