Rethinking Sports and Integration
Rethinking Sports and Integration offers a critical cultural analysis of the idea that sport can promote the integration of migrants and their descendants. It examines the origins of this idea and the concept of integration, and analyzes the problems in focus, the methods applied and the results of sports-related integration programmes.
The text also redefines sports-related integration with perspectives from migration studies that highlight the super-diversity within migrant groups, and explore the various ways in which transnational connections influence participation in sport within migrant communities.
This book is important reading for students and researchers working in sport development, sport policy or migration studies, as well as a valuable resource for sports governing bodies, policymakers and project workers.
Sine Agergaard is a social anthropologist and professor in humanistic and social sports science at the Department of Health Science and Technology, Aalborg University, Denmark. She is also a co-founder and currently the head of the International Network for Research in Sport and Migration Issues (spomi-net).
Routledge Focus on Sport, Culture and Society
Routledge Focus on Sport, Culture and Society showcases the latest cutting-edge research in the sociology of sport and exercise. Concise in form (20,00050,000 words) and published quickly (within three months), the books in this series represents an important channel through which authors can disseminate their research swiftly and make an impact on current debates. We welcome submissions on any topic within the sociocultural study of sport and exercise, including but not limited to subjects such as gender, race, sexuality, disability, politics, the media, social theory, Olympic studies, and the ethics and philosophy of sport. The series aims to be theoretically informed, empirically grounded and international in reach, and will include a diversity of methodological approaches.
Available in this series:
Christianity and the Transformation of Physical Education and Sport in China
Huijie Zhang, Fan Hong and Fuhua Huang
Skill Transmission, Sport and Tacit Knowledge
A Sociological Perspective
Honorata Jakubowska
Rethinking Sports and Integration
Developing a Transnational Perspective on Migrants and Descendants in Sports
Sine Agergaard
For more information about this series, please visit: www.routledge.com/sport/series/RFSCS
First published 2018
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2018 Sine Agergaard
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ISBN: 978-1-138-29062-4 (hbk)
ISBN: 978-1-315-26608-4 (ebk)
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Dedicated to Bertil, Eskild and Sigrid
The writing of this book has benefited from periods of research leave from Aarhus University and a research visit at the University of Brightons Centre of Sport, Tourism and Leisure Studies in the spring and summer of 2016. I thank colleagues at Brighton, especially Thomas Carter, Daniel Burdsey and Mark Doidge, for so many fruitful discussions and not least for providing me with a space for reading and thinking. Thanks to Tom for reading through the many drafts of book chapters. Im also grateful to members and co-managers of the International Network for Research in Sports and Migration Issues, particularly Paul Darby and Nina C. Tiesler for fruitful discussions over the years. At Aarhus University, I owe my gratitude to colleagues who have taken on parts of my teaching duties and who supported the book project all the way through, especially Christian Ungruhe and Knud E. Ryom. I also extend my thanks to all colleagues in our research group at the Section for Sports Science, Aarhus University, who have contributed with comments and criticism.
The ideas presented in this book are a result of an extended study of various sports-related integration policies and programmes. Im thankful to people who have worked with me, Rikke L. Hjort, Annette M. la Cour and Martin T. Gregersen, and to all those people we have met through our studies. Thanks for answering all questions and for sharing insight into your everyday activities. For providing access and generous funding for my research, I wish to thank the Danish Ministry of Culture, along with programme owners, such as the umbrella sports organization DGI, the municipalities of Aarhus and Copenhagen, and collaborating associations. A special thanks to the Aarhus University Research Foundation for the mobility grant that allowed me to take my research leave in 2016.
In the process of outlining and writing this book, I also owe my thanks to editor Simon Whitmore at Routledge for providing me with encouragement and trust, and I thank editorial assistant Cecily Davey for all her patience and communication with me. To Claire Neesham and Steven Sampson, I also owe a debt of gratitude for helping me improve my English.
Last but not least, a great thank you to my entire family for all their encouragement and support. Special thanks to my husband, Chris, and to our children, Bertil, Eskild and Sigrid, for their patience in getting along without me for extended periods, for travelling with me to the UK, and not least for reminding me of the lived value of effort and engagement.
S.A.
Aarhus, Denmark
November 2017
1
Introduction
When I set out to write this book, I was following the political debate in Europe about the migration crisis and the debate in the United Kingdom to decide whether to remain or leave the European Union. It came as quite a surprise that the majority voted in favour of Brexit. Yet, nationalist reactions to globalization (and resistance to labour immigration and refugees in particular) have been expressed for a long time by a number of political parties in Europe, such as UKIP, which played a prominent role in the Brexit campaign, the Danish Peoples Party in Denmark and the Front National in France.
Nowadays, across European nation states there is a sense that multiculturalism has failed and political focus is now turning to the integration of various types of migrants not only into the job market and educational system but also into civic society (Joppke, 2007). This political change inter-meshes with a growing political interest in involving sports clubs and other civil society organizations in programmes set up to promote public health and social integration, even though the conceptual frameworks and empirical studies to qualify such policies are still lacking (Houlihan, 2005; Seippel, 2005).