Alessandra Venturini - Migration from North Africa and the Middle East: Skilled Migrants, Development and Globalisation

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Philippe Fargues is Director of the Migration Policy Centre at the European University Institute; Alessandra Venturini is Deputy Director of the Migration Policy Centre at the European University Institute and Professor of Political Economy at the University of Turin.

This book could not have come at a better time. While European politicians are desperately trying to find ways to deal with the daily tragedies in the Mediterranean, there is a serious need to better understand migration realities in the MENA region. Fargues and Venturini have succeeded in bringing together a rare collection of visionary authors who provide deep insights and important messages for policies that would allow reaping the benefits that well-managed labour mobility can bring. This book is about issues that, to a large extent, will determine the future of Europe and its African and Arab neighbours. An essential read!

Peter Bosch, Senior Expert, DG Migration and Home Affairs, European Commission

MIGRATION
FROM NORTH
AFRICA AND THE
MIDDLE EAST

Skilled Migrants, Development and
Globalisation

Edited by
P HILIPPE F ARGUES AND A LESSANDRA V ENTURINI

First published in 2015 by I.B.Tauris & Co Ltd

www.ibtauris.com

Distributed worldwide by I.B.Tauris & Co Ltd

Registered office: 6 Salem Road, London W2 4BU

Copyright Editorial Selection Alessandra Venturini and Philippe Fargues

Copyright Individual Chapters 2015 Munzoul Assal, Anna Di Bartolomeo, Franoise De Bel-Air, Abderazak Bel Hadj Zekri, Hassan Boubakri, Tamirace Fakhoury, Habib Fourati, Choghig Kasparian, Mohamed Khachani, Asem Khalil, Ali Mebroukine, Edlira Narazani, Zekeria Ould Ahmed-Salem, Nadine Sika, Paul Tabar

The right of Alessandra Venturini and Philippe Fargues to be identified as the editors of this work has been asserted by the editors in accordance with the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988

All rights reserved. Except for brief quotations in a review, this book, or any part thereof, may not be reproduced, stored in or introduced into a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise, without the prior written permission of the publisher.

References to websites were correct at the time of writing.

International Library of Africa Studies 45

ISBN: 978 1 78076 713 0

eISBN: 978 0 85773 767 0

A full CIP record for this book is available from the British Library

A full CIP record is available from the Library of Congress

Library of Congress Catalog Card Number: available

This volume is dedicated to all Arab migrants who have lent their skills to their new homes and to the participants in the CARIM-South.

CONTENTS

Philippe Fargues and Alessandra Venturini

Anna Di Bartolomeo and Philippe Fargues

Alessandra Venturini and Edlira Narazani

Paul Tabar

Tamirace Fakhoury

Choghig Kasparian

Asem Khalil

Franoise De Bel-Air

Nadine Sika

Abderazak Bel Hadj Zekri, Hassan Boubakri and Habib Fourati

Mohamed Khachani

Ali Mebroukine

Munzoul Assal

Zekeria Ould Ahmed-Salem

LIST OF TABLES, FIGURES AND CHARTS

Figures

Arab migration stocks by level of education and region of residence (thousand values), c.2005.
Source: own elaboration on Database on Immigrants in OECD Countries (DIOC).

Proportion of highly skilled persons among migrants and the origin population, age group 2534, c.2005.
Source: own elaboration on data from Arab national statistical institutes and from Database on Immigrants in OECD Countries (DIOC).

Unemployment rate among the illiterate and graduates in Egypt and Tunisia, 19802011.
Source: own elaboration on Egypt, Central Agency for Public Mobilization and Statistics; Tunisia, Institut National de la Statistique.

Proportion (in %) of highly skilled Lebanese migrants in Australia and Canada by generation (a) and duration of stay (b), 2006.
Source: own elaboration on Database on Immigrants in OECD Countries (DIOC).

Proportions (in %) of highly skilled Algerian, Egyptian and Mexican migrants in North American and European states, c.2005.
Source: own elaboration on Database on Immigrants in OECD Countries (DIOC).

Stock of migrants by origin country in main destination areas around 2000.
Source: Beine, Doqcuier & Marfouk, 2009.

Share of highly skilled migrants to main destination areas in 2005.
Source: DIOC-OECD.

Share of migrants to home labour force by skills in 2005.
Source: DIOC-OECD.

Enrolment in Tertiary Education in 1990, 2000 and 2007.
Source: UNESCO.

Concentration of higher educational levels in the various populations according to propensity to migrate.

Charts

Net migration, arrivals and departures of Jordanians (19902012).
Source: Public Security Directorate, data on entries and departures, published in the Central Bank of Jordans Monthly Statistical Bulletins.

Remittances of expatriate Jordanians (19612012).
Source: Central Bank of Jordan.

Tables

Proportion of highly skilled migrants from selected Arab countries to OECD countries by origin, destination and generation c.2005.
Source: Database on Immigrants in OECD Countries (DIOC).

Egyptian migrants and highly skilled migrants in Arab countries in 2007.
Source: CAPMAS, www.capmas.gov.eg.

Comparative framework of admission policies in 11 OECD countries of destination.

Proportion of migrants with a tertiary education by country of origin, country of destination and generation.
Source: Database on Immigrants in OECD Countries (DIOC).

Total and Highly Skilled Emigration Rate c.2000
Source: OCDE, 2011, DIOC.

Over-education and over-occupation of workers in various countries. Source: own elaboration on Database on Immigrants in OECD Countries (DIOC).

Growth of tertiary education and emigration rate.

The evolution of the active Lebanese population and the number of active university graduates, 19972007 (in thousands).

The evolution of the number of Lebanese residents and the number of university graduates employed in the different economic sectors, 19972007, according to gender (number in thousands and average growth rate in % by year).

Evolution of the number of Lebanese residents and the number of university graduates employed in the public sector, 19972007, according to gender (number in thousands and average growth rate in % per year).

Emigration rate and unemployment rate, 19972007, in the total active population and in the active graduate population (in %).

Distribution of graduates, male and females, who emigrated, 19972007, according to departure reasons (in %).

Distribution of university graduates, male and female, who emigrated, 19972007, according to destination country (in %).

Distribution of graduates, male and female, who emigrated, 19972007, according to their occupation in 2007 (in %).

Distribution of university graduate male and female who emigrated, 19972007, according to the country of their degree (in %).

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