Jameel Hampton - Disability and the Welfare State in Britain: Changes in Perception and Policy 1948–79

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DISABILITY AND THE WELFARE
STATE IN BRITAIN

Changes in perception and policy
194879

Jameel Hampton

First published in Great Britain in 2016 by

Policy Press University of Bristol 1-9 Old Park Hill Bristol BS2 8BB UK Tel +44 (0)117 954 5940 e-mail

North American office: Policy Press c/o The University of Chicago Press 1427 East 60th Street Chicago, IL 60637, USA t: +1 773 702 7700 f: +1 773-702-9756 e:

Policy Press 2016

British Library Cataloguing in Publication Data
A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library

Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
A catalog record for this book has been requested

ISBN 978 1 44731 642 8 hardcover
ISBN 978-1-4473-3511-5 ePub
ISBN 978-1-4473-3512-2 Mobi

The right of Jameel Hampton to be identified as author of this work has been asserted by him in accordance with the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988.

All rights reserved: no part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise without the prior permission of Policy Press.

The statements and opinions contained within this publication are solely those of the author and not of the University of Bristol or Policy Press. The University of Bristol and Policy Press disclaim responsibility for any injury to persons or property resulting from any material published in this publication.

Policy Press works to counter discrimination on grounds of gender, race, disability, age and sexuality.

Cover design by Policy Press
Front cover image: www.alamy.com
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Contents

List of tables

List of acronyms

Archives

CPA	Conservative Party Archive, Bodleian Library, University of Oxford
CWP	Commonwealth Party Archive, University of Sussex
LHA	Labour History Archive and Study Centre, Manchester
MOR	Alf Morris Collection, London School of Economics and Political Science Archive
MRC	Modern Records Centre, University of Warwick
PTC	Peter Townsend Collection, University of Essex
TNA	The National Archive, Kew
ACP	[Conservative] Advisory Committee on Policy
AMC	Association of Municipal Corporations
BCRD	British Council for the Rehabilitation of the Disabled
BRA	British Rheumatic Association
CBI	Confederation of British Industry
CCCC	Central Council for the Care of Cripples
CCD	Central Council for the Disabled
CND	Campaign for Nuclear Disarmament
CPAG	Child Poverty Action Group
CPRS	Central Policy Review Staff
CRD	Conservative Research Department
CSDP	Chronically Sick and Disabled Persons Act (1970)
DHSS	Department of Health and Social Security
DIG	Disablement Income Group
EEC	European Economic Community
FIS	Family Income Supplement
GDP	gross domestic product
HNCIP	Housewives Non-contributory Invalidity Pension
IMF	International Monetary Fund
IRU	Industrial Rehabilitation Unit
JGAD	John Grooms Association for the Disabled
LRD	Labour Research Department
MP	Member of Parliament
MSS	Multiple Sclerosis Society
NAB	National Assistance Board
NCIP	Non-contributory Invalidity Pension
NCRL	National Cripples Reform League
NFRCD	National Fund for Research into Crippling Diseases
NHS	National Health Service
NLB	National League of the Blind
NLBD	National League of the Blind and Disabled
OPCS	Office of Population and Census Surveys
OPEC	Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries
PAR	Programme Analysis and Review
PESC	Public Expenditure Survey Committee
PDPL	Physically Disabled Persons League
PSS	Personal Social Services
SERPS	State Earnings-related Pension Scheme
SIIWC	Social Insurance and Industrial Welfare Committee
SSD	social services department
TUC	Trades Union Congress
UPIAS	Union of the Physically Impaired Against Segregation

About the author

Jameel Hampton is a lecturer at Liverpool Hope University. He was an Andrew W. Mellon Postdoctoral Fellow at the Society, Work and Development Institute at the University of the Witwatersrand in Johannesburg, Republic of South Africa. He has a PhD in Modern History from the University of Bristol and has lectured in modern Irish history at the University of Regina, Saskatchewan, Canada. He is the author of Discovering disability: the general classes of disabled people and the classic welfare state, 1948-1964, Historian, vol 75, no 1 (2013), pp 69-93. His research interests are the classic welfare state in Britain, comparative contemporary history, and disability in Britain and Apartheid South Africa.

Acknowledgements

This book was developed from my University of Bristol doctoral thesis. I am grateful to Rodney Lowe, my doctoral supervisor, for his expertise on the welfare state and his excellent counsel. Pauline Heslop, Maria Meyer-Kelly, James Miner, Chris Pearson, Kirsty Reid and Dave Tollerton were also very helpful during my time at Bristol.

I am fortunate to have had the benefit of archival, research and writing advice from Paul Bridgen, Stephen Brooke, Martin Gorsky, Bernard Harris, Martha Stoddard Holmes, Geoffrey Hudson, Iain Hutchison, Kevin Jefferys, Hilary Marland, Gareth Millward, Roger Middleton, Roy Parker, Mark Priestley, Samantha Shave, Pat Thane, Mathew Thomson and Chris Wrigley. I am grateful to Nicholas Timmins for his advice.

In Canada, I am indebted to friends and colleagues who never failed to lend their assistance and good company. I learned a great deal from Clay Burlingham, Man Kam Leung and Christopher Kent, all formerly at the University of Saskatchewan. At the University of Regina, the Reverend Frank Obrigewitsch, Society of Jesuits, was very kind to me. At Queens University, Kingston, Ontario, I am grateful to Sandra den Otter and Timothy B. Smith. I am greatly indebted to my friends: Graison Dangor, Steven Espey, Del Ford, Jeremy Geddert, Shawn Grimes, Daniel MacFarlane, Mark Polachic, Clay Poupart and Lucas Richert.

In South Africa, I would like to thank all my colleagues at the Society, Work and Development Institute, especially Jacklyn Cock, Karl von Holdt and Eddie Webster. Shirley Miller was also of great assistance.

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