The Science of Social Influence
FRONTIERS OF SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGY
Series Editors:
Arie W. Kruglanski , University of Maryland at College Park
Joseph P. Forgas , University of New South Wales
Frontiers of Social Psychology is a series of domain-specific handbooks. The purpose of each volume is to provide readers with a cutting-edge overview of the most recent theoretical, methodological, and practical developments in a substantive area of social psychology, in greater depth than is possible in general social psychology handbooks. The editors and contributors are all internationally renowned scholars, whose work is at the cutting edge of research.
Scholarly, yet accessible, the volumes in the Frontiers series are an essential resource for senior undergraduates, postgraduates, researchers, and practitioners, and are suitable as texts in advanced courses in specific sub-areas of social psychology.
Published titles
Negotiation Theory and Research , Thompson
Close Relationships , Noller & Feeney
Evolution and Social Psychology , Schaller, Simpson, & Kenrick
Affect in Social Thinking and Behavior , Forgas
Social Psychology and the Unconscious , Bargh
Social Communication , Fiedler
Forthcoming titles
The Self , Sedikides & Spencer
Personality and Social Behavior , Rhodewalt
Explorations in Political Psychology , Krosnick & Chiang
Culture and Social Psychology , Chiu & Mallorie
Social Cognition , Strack & Frster
For continually updated information about published and forthcoming titles in the Frontiers of Social Psychology series, please visit: www.psypress.com/frontiers
The Science of Social
Influence
Advances and Future Progress
Edited by
Anthony R. Pratkanis
Published in 2007 | Published in Great Britain |
by Psychology Press | by Psychology Press |
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New York, NY 10016 | Hove, East Sussex BN3 2FA |
www.psypress.com | www.psypress.com |
Psychology Press is an imprint of the Taylor & Francis Group, an informa business
Copyright 2007 by Psychology Press
Typeset by RefineCatch Limited, Bungay, Suffolk, UK
Printed in the USA by Publishers Graphics, LLC
Cover design by Lisa Dynan
All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reprinted or reproduced or utilized in any form or by any electronic, mechanical, or other means, now known or hereafter invented, including photocopying and recording, or in any information storage or retrieval system, without permission in writing from the publishers.
10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1
Library of Congress Cataloging in Publication Data
The science of social influence : advances and future progress / edited by Anthony R. Pratkanis.
p. cm. (Frontiers of social psychology)
Includes bibliographical references and index.
ISBN 978-1-84169-426-9 (hardcover : alk. paper) 1. Social influenceResearch.
I. Pratkanis, Anthony R.
HM1176.S35 2007
302.13dc22
2007008423
ISBN: 978-1-84169-426-9 (hbk)
Contents
Anthony R. Pratkanis |
Anthony R. Pratkanis |
Eric S. Knowles and Dan D Riner |
Elliot Aronson |
Dariusz Dolinski |
Jerry M. Burger |
Noah J. Goldstein and Robert B. Cialdini |
Paul R. Nail and Geoff MacDonald |
Marlene E. Turner, Anthony R. Pratkanis, and Christina K. Struckman |
Carsten K. W. De Dreu |
Nicholas DiFonzo and Prashant Bordia |
Roderick M. Kramer |
Brad J. Sagarin and Sarah E. Wood |
About the Editor
Anthony R. Pratkanis earned his Ph.D. in 1984 from the famed social psychology program at the Ohio State University. His research program has investigated such topics as the delayed effects of persuasion, attitudes and memory, group-think, affirmative action, subliminal persuasion, mass communications, source credibility, persuasion and democracy, economic fraud, the use of influence in international conflicts, and a variety of influence tactics such as the pique technique, phantoms, the projection tactic, the 1-in-5 prize tactic, and altercasting.
He has appeared in the mass media over 500 times as an expert on social influence processes, has been called as an expert witness in numerous advertising deceptiveness cases, and served as a consultant to AARP, NASD, and other law enforcement and civic groups on countering the undue influence used in fraud crimes and to the United States military on countering the propaganda of terrorists and dictators.
He is the co-author (with Elliot Aronson) of Age of Propaganda: The Everyday Use and Abuse of Persuasion and (with Doug Shadel) of Weapons of Fraud: A Source Book for Fraud Fighters .
Anthony Pratkanis is the founding editor of Social Influence , a new scientific journal from Psychology Press.
Contributors
Elliot Aronson
Emeritus Professor of Psychology
University of California in Santa Cruz
Santa Cruz, CA, USA
Prashant Bordia
School of Management
University of South Australia
Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
Jerry M. Burger
Department of Psychology
Santa Clara University
Santa Clara, CA, USA
Robert B. Cialdini
Regents Professor of Psychology
Arizona State University
Tempe, AZ, USA
Carsten K. W. De Dreu
Professor of Work and Organizational Psychology
Department of Psychology
University of Amsterdam
Amsterdam, The Netherlands
Nicholas DiFonzo
Department of Psychology
Rochester Institute of Technology
Rochester, NY, USA
Dariusz Dolinski
Professor and Dean of Wrocaw Campus
Warsaw School of Social Psychology
Wrocaw, Poland
Noah J. Goldstein
Department of Psychology
Arizona State University
Tempe, AZ, USA
Eric S. Knowles
Department of Psychology
University of Arkansas
Fayetteville, AR, USA
Roderick M. Kramer
William R. Kimball Professor of Organizational Behavior
Stanford Graduate School of Business
Stanford, CA, USA
Geoff MacDonald
Department of Psychology
University of Toronto
Toronto, ON, Canada
Paul R. Nail
Department of Psychology and Counseling
University of Central Arkansas
Conway, AR, USA
Anthony R. Pratkanis
Department of Psychology
University of California
Santa Cruz, CA, USA
Dan D Riner
Department of Psychology
University of Arkansas
Fayetteville, AR, USA
Brad J. Sagarin
Department of Psychology
Northern Illinois University
DeKalb, IL, USA
Christina K. Struckman
University of San Francisco
San Francisco, CA, USA
Marlene E. Turner
Department of Organization and Management
San Jose State University
San Jose, CA, USA
Sarah E. Wood
Department of Psychology
University of Wisconsin-Stout
Menomonie, WI, USA
1
An Invitation to Social
Influence Research
ANTHONY R. PRATKANIS
D o you ever wonder why people do things? For example, why, all of a sudden, is everyone wearing the same purple shirt or the same hairstyle or using the same cool, groovy, or is it spot-on jargon to describe what they like and agree with? How can a group of people watch someone else commit acts of violence on another human being and not intervene? How can a person be urged on to commit such acts of violence in the first place? Why does a seemingly normal person give his or her money to a con criminal? What happens to get us to purchase things on the used car lot or the cosmetic counter or the infomercial, among other places? How can a leader of a nation move us to accomplish great things? What social forces cause groups and leaders to make brilliant decisions one minute, and bad choices with disastrous consequences the next? How does a small group (and sometimes just one person) come to change the behavior and folkways of an entire community, nation, or world? And, perhaps most importantly, how can we resist unwanted and undesirable social influence attempts?