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Brian Carroll - Whitlam

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Brian Carroll Whitlam
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    Whitlam
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Whitlam: summary, description and annotation

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Edward Gough Whitlam was one of the most momentous figures in Australian political history. Born into a privileged life that should have seen him on the side with the born-to-rule gang, Whitlam took a different path and joined the Australian Labor Party. Although he was branded as a silver tail (one who is considered wealthy, usually by inherited money) by the rough and ready men of Labor, Whitlam fought to convince Labor that they were something more than just the political arm of the union movement, and that principle without power was an exercise in futility. He overcame party resistance and, in 1972, led Labor triumphantly into the government benches, where he became Parliamentary leader. However, the pace of change scared too many people and sudden developments in the world economic environment brought challenges Whitlam could not overcome. Nor could he overcome the local political challenges thrown down by the conservative forces, once they had recovered from the shock of the 1972 election results. Whitlam held them at bay when they forced him to the electors 18 months ahead of schedule in mid-1974. Although he won the election with a reduced majority, he and his colleagues seemed determined to continue providing the opposition with the ammunition needed to shoot him down, and on November 11, 1975, they finally did. This book recaptures the excitement of one of the most contentious and momentous events in Australian political history.

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Table of Contents Acknowledgments Many people helped me put this book - photo 1
Table of Contents

Acknowledgments

Many people helped me put this book together. I thank them all, including:

  • Sylvia Carr, Beth Lonergan and their colleagues in the Pictorial Section at the National Library of Australia, for permission to use illustrations
  • Gregory Cope, and his colleagues at the National Archives of Australia, for permission to use illustrations
  • Geoff and Pauline Hook, for permission to use Jeff cartoons
  • Geoff Pryor, for permission to use his cartoons
  • English scientist Tim Berners-Lee, who invented the Internet, the greatest idea yet for researchers
  • All the other writers who have put information about Gough Whitlam between two covers
  • The staff of the Whitehorse-Manningham Library Corporation, the closest to where I live, who kept those books flowing to me
Illustration Sources

AWM = Australian War Memorial. BCC = Brian Carroll Collection. GHC = Geoff Jeff Hook Cartoons ( www.geoffhook.com/archives ). NAA = National Archives of Australia. NLA = National Library of Australia. Many of the illustrations are accessible through www.pictureaustralia.org , which includes NAA, NLA and many other sources.

Cover NLA Whitlam on Parliament House steps, Dismissal Day, 11 November 1975. an24355085

Page

2 BCC Gough Whitlam in RAAF uniform

24 AWM Pilot Officer Edward Gough Whitlam PO4697.001

26 AWM General Douglas Macarthur 011747

28 NLA John Curtin vn3600322

29 NAA Edward John Ward A1200, L21653 Barcode 11257939

32 NAA Dr H.V. Evatt A1200, L15336

34 NAA Robert Menzies A1200, L13044 Barcode 11223407

36 NLA Ben Chifley vn4660686-s433

53 NLA Stuart McCrae cartoon. vn3110262

55 NAA Sir Paul Hasluck A1200, L34780A Barcode 11418434

61 NLA Geoff Pryor Cartoon vn4352372

64 GHC Whitlam and Cairns brawling 30 April 1968

64 GHC Whitlam is party leader 30 April 1968

65 NLA John Gorton an12267176

67 GHC Ballot Box 24 October 1969

67 GHC Henry Bolte Bravo! Author! 6 May 1970

76 NLA Stewart McCrae cartoon. Should I start them now? vn3094590

76 GHC Pay Rise for MPs 1 December 1972

82 NLA Stewart McCrae Come on, fill her up! ... vn3106224

82 NLA Stewart McCrae cartoon And in this nightmare.. vn3099636

83 GHC Its time. 8 August 1972

83 GHC Napoleon 12 October 1972

86 NLA Lance Barnard an22966111

87 NAA Michael Atchison cartoon In Box and Out Box Image no. M151, 206 Barcode 5024366

90 NLA Billy Snedden vn3660362

91 NLA Stewart McCrae cartoon vn3100974

96 GHC Neighbouring powers! 27 February 1973

97 NAA Lionel Murphy A6135, K8/5/72/2 Barcode 11259786

97 NAA Ivor Greenwood A6135, K26/7/74/114 Barcode 12163083

98 NLA Reg Withers vn3622107

101 GHC In future, be a bit more selective 6 April 1973

105 NLA Harold Holt an23605828

106 GHC Very hard to get reliable help 27 April 1973

109 NLA Stewart McCrae cartoon. National Economy vn3099628

112 NLA Stewart McCrae cartoon. Inflation. Vn3094207

113 NLA Frank Crean vn4464153

117 NLA Alan Moir cartoon. Barnard with US general. vn3532824

121 NAA Nigel Bowen. A1200, L59329 Barcode 11370183

121 NLA Philip Ruddock, an22965665

121 NLA Galston Gorge residents, A6135, K17.9/73/4 Barcode 11403302

126 NAA Australian Film and Television school, A6180, 12/9/75/6 Barcode 11745351

129 NLA Stewart McCrae cartoon, vn3096191

130 NLA Garfield Barwick, an23122685

135 NAA Aerial crop dusting. A1200, L22747 Barcode 11788097

140 NLA Bill Hayden vn4201665

141 NLA Stewart McCrae cartoon. Hes bulk-billing me , vn3094725

147 NLA Alan Moir cartoon The Trump Card vn3603002

147 NAA Frank Crean and Fred Daly A6180, 20/12/72/7 Barcode 11214734

150 NLA Gordon Bryant vn3579854

150 NAA Nugget Coombs and Barrie Dexter M2153, 21/2 Barcode 8291277

153 NAA Vincent Lingiari A8598, AK2121/4/80/9 Barcode 11424796

157 NAA Morrison, Somare, Whitlam A6180, 18/1/73/32 Barcode 11887023

163 NLA Alan Moir cartoon Dont fret, cobber vn3603033

165 NAA Al Grassby and Clyde Cameron A12111, 1/1974/25/1 Barcode 8112082

166 NLA Alan Moir cartoon, Right! The fights over, vn3532812

173 NAA Proclamation of a Joint Sitting A6180, 30/7/74/41 Barcode 11471141

174 NAA Joint Sitting A6180, 7/8/74/45 Barcode 11457007

175 GHC Television comes to parliament 7 August 1974

181 NLA Geoff Pryor cartoon Junie Morosi an23379125

185 NAA Whitlam in China, A6180, 14/11/73/209 Barcode 11348328

188 NLA Alan Moir cartoon Crunch vn3603816

190 NAA Baltic States demonstration A6180, 20/9/74/9 Barcode 11736867

184 NAA Bass by-election A6180 30/7/75/33 Barcode 11762918

198 NLA Stewart McCrae cartoon Family Court vn3103446

203 NLA Stewart McCrae cartoon Row over loans letters vn3094492

204 GHC The loans affair. Just a minute! 2 July 1975

205 NLA Stewart McCrae cartoon, The Great Gough vn3098470

207 GHC East Timor situation begins Portuguese man-o-war! 27 November 1975

209 GHC Not looking abroad Ballot Box 8 December 1975

216 NLA David Smith, Gough Whitlam, Dismissal proclamation 1975 an24358684

217 NLA Alan Moir cartoon Did my Xmas chopping early vn3080663

217 NLA Fraser walking beside car an 24358335

218 BCC Front page The News Adelaide 11 November 1975

220 GHC A strike is called We want Gough 14 November 1975

230 NLA Alan Moir cartoon Haunt, haunt vn3080653

231 NLA Stewart McCrae cartoon He wants to place a multiple treble! vn3094652

232 GHC Which way will it go? Ballot Box. 12 December 1975

233 GHC The election is held. 15 December 1975

238 GHC A comeback for Gough. 14 November 1977

Growing up in Canberra

I am Australias first Prime Minister with that particular background, Gough Whitlam once proudly claimed. That particular background was that he had grown up in Canberra, that his childhood friends were the children of politicians and public servants, and that he had grown up in an atmosphere of politics and public administration.

And that was his big problem, his detractors often said. Because of that particular background, he never quite realised, or chose to ignore, that Canberra was not the centre of the world, that Australia was a federation, that it consisted of states. Whether he liked it or not, those states had traditional differences they jealously guarded, they sent senators to Canberra, and the Constitution gave those senators certain powers.

Against that, we have to consider that as prime minister he confronted a LiberalCountry Party Coalition whose members found it beyond their comprehension that they had lost the 1972 and 1974 elections, and that the electors had wearied of them. They were the natural parties of government, and they had to save the electors from their own erroneous ways, because democracy had to be protected from itself.

It all seemed like the old schoolboy joke. What happens when an irresistible force meets an immovable object. Theres an indescribable explosion. And there was: the Dismissal, on 11 November 1975, an event of such moment that it is still most often spelt with an upper case D.

A politically involved household

Whitlam was right about growing up in a politically involved household. His father, Fred, was one of Australias most significant public servants, Deputy Crown Solicitor and later Crown Solicitor. But saying that he grew up in Canberra was a bit of a stretch.

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