Charney Dennis S. - Neurobiology of mental illness

NEUROBIOLOGY OF MENTAL ILLNESS

NEUROBIOLOGY OF MENTAL ILLNESS

FOURTH EDITION

EDITED BY

Dennis S. Charney, MD

ANNE AND JOEL EHRENKRANZ, DEAN,
ICAHN SCHOOL OF MEDICINE AT MOUNT SINAI
EXECUTIVE VICE PRESIDENT FOR ACADEMIC AFFAIRS,
THE MOUNT SINAI MEDICAL CENTER
PROFESSOR, DEPARTMENTS OF PSYCHIATRY,
NEUROSCIENCE, AND
PHARMACOLOGY & SYSTEMS THERAPEUTICS
NEW YORK, NY

Joseph D. Buxbaum, PhD

G. HAROLD AND LEILA Y. MATHERS PROFESSOR,
DEPARTMENTS OF PSYCHIATRY, NEUROSCIENCE, AND
GENETICS AND GENOMIC SCIENCES
CHIEF, DIVISION OF NEURODEVELOPMENTAL DISORDERS
DIRECTOR, SEAVER AUTISM CENTER
ICAHN SCHOOL OF MEDICINE AT MOUNT SINAI
NEW YORK, NY

Pamela Sklar, MD, PhD

PROFESSOR, DEPARTMENTS OF PSYCHIATRY,
NEUROSCIENCE, AND GENETICS AND GENOMIC
SCIENCES
CHIEF, DIVISION OF PSYCHIATRIC GENOMICS
ICAHN SCHOOL OF MEDICINE AT MOUNT SINAI
NEW YORK, NY

Eric J. Nestler, MD, PhD

NASH FAMILY PROFESSOR,
DEPARTMENTS OF NEUROSCIENCE, PSYCHIATRY,
AND PHARMACOLOGY & SYSTEMS THERAPEUTICS
CHAIR, DEPARTMENT OF NEUROSCIENCE
DIRECTOR, THE FRIEDMAN BRAIN INSTITUTE
ICAHN SCHOOL OF MEDICINE AT MOUNT SINAI
NEW YORK, NY

SECTION EDITORS

Eric J. Nestler, MD, PhD

Karl Deisseroth, MD, PhD

Pamela Sklar, MD, PhD

Helen S. Mayberg, MD

Kerry J. Ressler, MD, PhD

Antonello Bonci, MD

Nora D. Volkow, MD

David M. Holtzman, MD

Joseph D. Buxbaum, PhD

Dennis S. Charney, MD

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Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data

Neurobiology of mental illness / edited by Dennis S. Charney... [et al.]. 4th ed.

p. ; cm.

Includes bibliographical references and index.

ISBN 9780199934959 (alk. paper)

I. Charney, Dennis S.

[DNLM: 1. Mental Disordersetiology. 2. Mental Disordersphysiopathology. 3. Mental Disorderstherapy. 4. Neurobiology. WM 140]

616.8dc23

2012538316

This material is not intended to be, and should not be considered, a substitute for medical or other professional advice. Treatment for the conditions described in this material is highly dependent on the individual circumstances. And, while this material is designed to offer accurate information with respect to the subject matter covered and to be current as of the time it was written, research and knowledge about medical and health issues is constantly evolving and dose schedules for medications are being revised continually, with new side effects recognized and accounted for regularly. Readers must therefore always check the product information and clinical procedures with the most up-to-date published product information and data sheets provided by the manufacturers and the most recent codes of conduct and safety regulations. The publisher and the authors make no representations or warranties to readers, express or implied, as to the accuracy or completeness of this material. Without limiting the foregoing, the publisher and the authors make no representations or warranties as to the accuracy or efficacy of the drug dosages mentioned in the material. The authors and the publisher do not accept, and expressly disclaim, any responsibility for any liability, loss, or risk that may be claimed or incurred as a consequence of the use and/or application of any of the contents of this material.

9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1
Printed in the United States of America
on acid-free paper

CONTENTS

Eric J. Nestler

John L. R. Rubenstein

Ariel Y. Deutch and Robert H. Roth

Evelyn K. Lambe

Jean-Antoine Girault and Paul Greengard

Sad Kourrich and Antonello Bonci

Steven E. Hyman and Eric J. Nestler

Bryan E. McGill and Huda Y. Zoghbi

Karl Deisseroth

Lisa M. Monteggia, William A. Carlezon, Jr., and Ralph J. DiLeone

Kimberly M. Christian, Hongjun Song, and Guo-li Ming

Lief E. Fenno and Karl Deisseroth

Elisa E. Konofagou

Shaun M. Purcell

Amanda C. Mitchell, Yan Jiang, Cyril J. Peter, Ki A. Goosens, and Schahram Akbarian

Eric E. Schadt

Hanzhang Lu, Yihong Yang, and Peiying Liu

Mark S. George, Joseph J. Taylor, and Jaimie M. Henderson

Pamela Sklar

Lianne Morris Smith, Julie W. Messinger, and Dolores Malaspina

Pamela Sklar

George Kirov, Michael C. ODonovan, and Michael J. Owen

Stephan Heckers, Neil Woodward, and Dost ngr

Alan Anticevic, Erin C. Dowd, and Deanna M. Barch

Mikhail V. Pletnikov and Christopher A. Ross

Allison A. Curley and David A. Lewis

Seth G. N. Grant

Ester J. Kwon, Takahiro Soda, and Li-Huei Tsai

Raquel E. Gur

Carol A. Tamminga and Elena I. Ivleva

Katherine E. Burdick , Stephen J. Haggarty, and Roy Perlis

Helen S. Mayberg

Jan Fawcett and Brant Hager

Douglas F. Levinson

Georgia E. Hodes and Scott J. Russo

Ronald S. Duman

Maura A. Furey, Daniel C. Mathews, and Carlos A. Zarate Jr.

Joseph L. Price and Wayne C. Drevets

K. Ranga Rama Krishnan

David R. Rubinow, Peter J. Schmidt, and Claire D. Craft

Tami D. Benton, Joshua Blume, Paul Crits-Christoph, Benoit Dub, and Dwight L. Evans

Dan V. Iosifescu, James W. Murrough, and Dennis S. Charney

Kerry J. Ressler

Meghan E. Keough, Murray B. Stein, and Peter P. Roy-Byrne

Javier A. Perez, Takeshi Otowa, Roxann Roberson-Nay, and John M. Hettema

Christopher K. Cain, Gregory M. Sullivan, and Joseph E. LeDoux

Hanns Mhler

Bronwyn M. Graham and Mohammed R. Milad

Siobhan S. Pattwell, Anne-Marie Mouly, Regina M. Sullivan, and Francis S. Lee

Madeleine S. Goodkind, Anett Gyurak, and Amit Etkin

Anita Van Zwieten, Gail A. Alvares, and Adam J. Guastella

James W. Murrough, Dan V. Iosifescu, and Dennis S. Charney

Susanne E. Ahmari and H. Blair Simpson

Karen E. Murray, Orion P. Keifer Jr., Kerry J. Ressler, Seth Davin Norrholm, and Tanja Jovanovic

Antonello Bonci and Nora D. Volkow

Rafael Maldonado, J. David Jentsch, Brigitte L. Kieffer, and Christopher J. Evans