Jürgen Matthäus - War, Pacification, and Mass Murder, 1939 The Einsatzgruppen in Poland

n United States Holocaust Memorial Museum

Center for Advanced Holocaust Studies

Documenting Life and Destruction

Holocaust Sources in Context

Series Editor

Jrgen Matthus

CONTRIBUTING EDITOR

Jan Lambertz

Documenting Life and Destruction

Holocaust Sources in Context

This groundbreaking series provides a new perspective on history using firsthand accounts of the lives of those who suffered through the Holocaust, those who perpetrated it, and those who witnessed it as bystanders. The United States Holocaust Memorial Museums Center for Advanced Holocaust Studies presents a wide range of documents from different archival holdings, expanding knowledge about the lives and fates of Holocaust victims and making these resources broadly available to the general public and scholarly communities for the first time.

Books in the Series

1. Jewish Responses to Persecution, Volume I, 19331938 , Jrgen Matthus and Mark Roseman (2010)

2. Children during the Holocaust , Patricia Heberer (2011)

3. Jewish Responses to Persecution, Volume II, 19381940, Alexandra Garbarini with Emil Kerenji, Jan Lambertz, and Avinoam Patt (2011)

4. The Diary of Samuel Golfard and the Holocaust in Galicia, Wendy Lower (2011)

5. Jewish Responses to Persecution, Volume III, 19411942 , Jrgen Matthus with Emil Kerenji, Jan Lambertz, and Leah Wolfson (2013)

6. The Holocaust in Hungary: Evolution of a Genocide , Zoltan Vagi, Laszlo Cssz, and Gabor Kadar (2013)

7. War, Pacification, and Mass Murder, 1939: The Einsatzgruppen in Poland , Jrgen Matthus, Jochen Bhler, and Klaus-Michael Mallman (2014)

A project of the

United States Holocaust Memorial Museum

Sara J. Bloomfield

Director

Center for Advanced Holocaust Studies

Paul A. Shapiro

Director

Jrgen Matthus

Director, Applied Research

under the auspices of the

Academic Committee

of the

United States Holocaust Memorial Council

Alvin H. Rosenfeld, Chair

Doris L. Bergen

Richard Breitman

Christopher R. Browning

David Engel

Zvi Y. Gitelman

Peter Hayes

Sara Horowitz

Steven T. Katz

William S. Levine

Deborah E. Lipstadt

Michael R. Marrus

John T. Pawlikowski

Menachem Z. Rosensaft

George D. Schwab

James E. Young

This publication has been made possible by

support from

The William S. and Ina Levine Foundation

and

The Blum Family Foundation

The authors have worked to provide clear information about the provenance of each document and illustration included here. In some instances we have been unable to verify the existence or identity of any present copyright owners. If notified of any items inadvertently credited wrongly, we will include updated credit information in reprints of this work.

Documenting Life and Destruction

Holocaust Sources in Context

WAR, PACIFICATION, AND MASS MURDER, 1939

The Einsatzgruppen in Poland

Jrgen Matthus, Jochen Bhler, and Klaus-Michael Mallmann

Edited by the Center for Advanced Holocaust Studies, the Deutsches Historisches Institut Warschau, and the Forschungsstelle Ludwigsburg der Universitt Stuttgart

Advisory Committee:

Christopher R. Browning

David Engel

Sara Horowitz

Steven T. Katz

Alvin H. Rosenfeld

Rowman & Littlefield

in association with the United States Holocaust Memorial Museum

2014

For USHMM:

Project Manager: Mel Hecker

Translators: Kathleen Luft, Yedida Kanfer, Stephen Scala, Stephen Pallavicini

Research Assistants: Holly Robertson, Chris Henson, Kathryn Cornelius

Published by Rowman & Littlefield

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www.rowman.com

Estover Road, Plymouth PL6 7PY, United Kingdom

Front cover: (top row, left to right) USHMMPA WS# 15872, courtesy of the Institute of National Remembrance; USHMMA RG 11.001M (RGVA 500-1-431), courtesy of the Russian State Military Archives; USHMMPA WS# 50646, courtesy of the Institute of National Remembrance; (bottom row, left to right) USHMMPA WS# 18542 courtesy of Yad Vashem; Map 1: The Routes of the Einsatzgruppen in Poland, 1939, p. ix; USHMMPA WS# 15752, courtesy of Gertrude Adams.

Copyright 2014 by Rowman & Littlefield

British Library Cataloguing in Publication Information Available

Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data

Matth u s, J rgen, 1959-

War, pacification, and mass murder, 1939 : the Einsatzgruppen in Poland / J rgen Matth us, Jochen B hler and Klaus-Michael Mallmann.

pages cm. (Holocaust sources in context)

Includes bibliographical references and index.

ISBN 978-1-4422-3141-2 (cloth : alk. paper) ISBN 978-1-4422-3142-9 (electronic : alk. paper) 1. Nationalsozialistische Deutsche Arbeiter-Partei. Einsatzgruppen des Sicherheitsdienstes und der Sicherheitspolizei. 2. World War, 1939-1945AtrocitiesPoland. 3. World War, 1939-1945AtrocitiesPolandSources. 4. Holocaust, Jewish (1939-1945)Poland. 5. Holocaust, Jewish (1939-1945)PolandSources. 6. Mass murderPolandHistory20th century. 7. Mass murderPolandHistory20th centurySources. I. B hler, Jochen, 1969- II. Mallmann, Klaus-Michael. III. Title.

D804.3.M374 2014

940.531809438dc232013046871

All rights reserved . No part of this book may be reproduced in any form or by any electronic or mechanical means, including information storage and retrieval systems, without written permission from the publisher, except by a reviewer who may quote passages in a review.

The paper used in this publication meets the minimum requirements of American National Standard for Information SciencesPermanence of Paper for Printed Library Materials, ANSI/NISO Z39.48-1992.

Printed in the United States of America

Map 1: The Routes of the Einsatzgruppen in Poland, 1939.

Map 2: Poland, 1940.

Abbreviations

APKState Archive Katowice (Archiwum Pastwowe Katowice)

APState Archive d (Archiwum Pastwowe d)

APPState Archive Pozna (Archiwum Pastwowe Pozna)

APWState Archive Warsaw (Archiwum Pastwowe Warszawa)

BABGerman Federal Archive (Bundesarchiv), Berlin

BALGerman Federal Archive, Ludwigsburg Branch (Bundesarchiv Aussenstelle Ludwigsburg)

BA-MAGerman Federal ArchiveMilitary Archive (Bundesarchiv-Militrarchiv), Freiburg

BDCBerlin Document Center

BdOCommander of the Order Police (Befehlshaber der Ordnungspolizei)

BdSCommander of the Sipo and SD (Befehlshaber der Sicherheitspolizei und des SD)

BGKBiuletyn Gwnej Komisji Badania Zbrodni Hitlerowskich w Polsce

BIPNBiuletyn Instytut Pamici Narodowej

BOK-Biuletyn Okrgowej Komisji Badania Zbrodni Hitlerowskich w odzi

BOK-PBiuletyn Okrgowej Komisji Badania Zbrodni Hitlerowskich w Polsce

BIHBiuletyn ydowskiego Instytutu Historycznego