Michael Barnes - Human-Robot Interactions in Future military operations

HUMAN-ROBOT INTERACTIONS IN FUTURE MILITARY OPERATIONS

Human Factors in Defence

Series Editors:

Dr Don Harris, Managing Director of HFI Solutions Ltd, UK
Professor Neville Stanton, Chair in Human Factors of Transport at the
University of Southampton, UK
Dr Eduardo Salas, University of Central Florida, USA

Human factors is key to enabling todays armed forces to implement their vision to produce battle-winning people and equipment that are fit for the challenge of today, ready for the tasks of tomorrow and capable of building for the future (source: UK MoD). Modern armed forces fulfil a wider variety of roles than ever before. In addition to defending sovereign territory and prosecuting armed conflicts, military personnel are engaged in homeland defence and in undertaking peacekeeping operations and delivering humanitarian aid right across the world. This requires top class personnel, trained to the highest standards in the use of first class equipment. The military has long recognised that good human factors is essential if these aims are to be achieved.

The defence sector is far and away the largest employer of human factors personnel across the globe and is the largest funder of basic and applied research. Much of this research is applicable to a wide audience, not just the military; this series aims to give readers access to some of this high quality work.

Ashgates Human Factors in Defence series comprises of specially commissioned books from internationally recognised experts in the field. They provide in-depth, authoritative accounts of key human factors issues being addressed by the defence industry across the world.

EDITED BY
MICHAEL BARNES

Army Research Laboratory (ARL-HRED), USA
&

FLORIAN JENTSCH

University of Central Florida, USA

ASHGATE

Michael Barnes and Florian Jentsch 2010

All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise without the prior permission of the publisher.

Michael Barnes and Florian Jentsch have asserted their rights under the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act, 1988, to be identified as the editors of this work.

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Ashgate Publishing Limited

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Ashgate Publishing Company

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None of the opinions stated in this book represent official policy or endorsement by the United States Department of Defense and are solely the responsibility of the author.

British Library Cataloguing in Publication Data

Human-robot interactions in future military operations. -

(Human factors in defence)

1. Military robots. 2. Robotics--Military applications.

3. Robotics--Human factors. 4. Psychology, Military.

5. Human-machine systems--Psychological aspects.

I. Series II. Barnes, Michael. III. Jentsch, Florian.

355.4-dc22

ISBN: 978-0-7546-7539-6 (hbk)

ISBN: 978-0-7546-9801-2 (ebk)

ISBN: 978-1-4094-8635-0 (ebk-ePUB)

Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data

Human-robot interactions in future military operations / edited by Michael Barnes and Florian Jentsch.

p. cm. -- (Human factors in defence)

Includes bibliographical references and index.

ISBN 978-0-7546-7539-6 (hbk) -- ISBN 978-0-7546-9801-2

(ebook) 1. Military robots--United States. 2. Robotics--Human factors. 3. Human-computer

interaction. 4. Robotics--Social aspects--United States. 5. Robotics--United States-
Psychological aspects. I. Barnes, Michael (Michael Joseph), 1945- II. Jentsch, Florian.

UG479.H86 2009

355.4--dc22

2009025444

Printed and bound in Great Britain by MPG Books Group, UK

A. William Evans III

Michael J. Barnes and A. William Evans III

Robin R. Murphy and Jennifer L. Burke

Douglas J. Gillan, Jennifer Riley and Patricia McDermott

Lori Foster Thompson and Douglas J. Gillan

Skye L. Pazuchanics, Roger A. Chadwick, Merrill V. Sapp and Douglas J. Gillan

Keryl Cosenzo, Raja Parasuraman and Ewart de Visser

Diane Kuhl Mitchell and Charneta Samms

Axel Schulte and Claudia Meitinger

Jennifer M. Riley, Laura D. Strater, Sheryl L. Chappell, Erik S. Connors and Mica R. Endsley

Christopher D. Wickens, Brian Levinthal and Stephen Rice

Tal Oron-Gilad and Yaniv Minkov

Gloria Calhoun and Mark Draper

Chris Jansen and Jan B F. van Erp

Ellen C. Haas and Jan B.F. van Erp

Jessie Y.C. Chen

Laurel Allender, Patricia L. McDermott and Jason Luck

Elizabeth S. Redden and Linda R. Elliott

Nancy J. Cooke and Roger A. Chadwick

Michael A. Goodrich

Michael Lewis and Jijun Wang

Florian Jenstch, A. William Evans III and Scott Ososky

A. William Evans, III and Florian G. Jentsch

Michael Barnes is a Research Psychologist with the U.S. Army Research Laboratory (ARL). For the past five years, he was the lead for the human robotic interaction (HRI) program that included both military and university research as part of an Army Technology Objective: Robotic Collaboration. His past experience includes tenure as a researcher with the U.S. Navy and as a human factors manager with the General Electric Corporation. Also, he has served on a number of international committees related to HRI. He has authored or co-authored over 70 articles on the human element of military systems. Located at Ft. Huachuca, AZ, his research interests include investigations of risk visualization, military intelligence processes, and unmanned aerial vehicles crew systems.

Florian Jentsch, Ph.D., is an Associate Professor at the University of Central Florida, Orlando, with joint appointments in the Department of Psychology and the Institute for Simulation & Training. He is also the Director of the Team Performance Laboratory. He received his Ph.D. in Human Factors Psychology in 1997, and he holds masters degrees in aeronautical science and aeronautical engineering. Dr. Jentsch is associate editor for Human Factors and for Cognitive Technology, and consulting editor for the International Journal of Applied Aviation Studies. His research interests are in team performance and training, pilot training and performance, human-robot interaction, and simulation methodology. Dr. Jentsch has co-authored over 200 publications and presentations; this is his second edited book.

Laurel Allender

U.S. Army Research Laboratory

Michael J. Barnes

U.S. Army Research Laboratory

Jennifer L. Burke

University of South Florida

Gloria Calhoun

U.S. Air Force Research Laboratory

Roger A. Chadwick

New Mexico State University

Sheryl L. Chappell

SA Technologies

Jessie Y. C. Chen

U.S. Army Research Laboratory

Erik S. Connors

SA Technologies